An R package for inference and prediction in an illness-death model

Multi-state models are a useful way of describing a process in which an individual moves through a number of nite states in continuous time. The illness-death model plays a central role in the theory and practice of these models, describing the dynamics of healthy subjects who may move to an intermediate `diseased' state before entering into a terminal absorbing state. In these models one important goal is the modeling of transition rates which is usually done by studying the relationship between covariates and disease evolution. However, biomedical researchers are also interested in reporting other interpretable results in a simple and summarized manner. These include estimates of predictive probabilities, such as the transition probabilities, occupation probabilities, cumulative incidence functions, prevalence and the sojourn time distributions. An R package was built providing answers to all these topics

Estudo etnográfico dos músicos dunha banda de música no marco da participación comunitaria

Obxectivo: describir como vivencian os músicos dunha banda de música popular a participación neste tipo de agrupación, observando como inflúe esta na promoción da saúde. Ademais, este estudo pretende coñecer os significados outorgados a ocupación de tocar nunha banda de música popular, a relación desta participación co sentimento de apego ao lugar e a influenza que ten na transmisión de capital social e cultural. Metodoloxía: investigación cualitativa realizada dende unha perspectiva teórica etnográfica, nunha banda de música popular da provincia de Pontevedra. A recollida de información foi realizada a través da observación participante e a técnica das historias de vida. Os informantes foron músicos da banda de música estudada. Resultados: tras a análise da información obtida, emerxen categorías e códigos de significado que explican o fenómeno: “estruturación do grupo”, “actividades desenroladas polo grupo”, “significados da participación nunha banda de música” e adquisición de capital social e cultural” Conclusións: A participación nunha banda de música como ocupación valorada pola comunidade na que se encadra e que forma parte dos recursos cos que a propia comunidade conta, favorece a creación de ambientes favorables promovendo o sentimento de benestar das persoas que participan en tal ocupación, producindo ademais unha adquisición de capital social e cultural fortemente influenciado pola produción de relacións interxeracionais e que inflúe na formación da propia identidade e no rol dentro da comunidade.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FCS). Terapia ocupacional. Curso 2013/201

survidm: An R package for Inference and Prediction in an Illness-Death Model

Multi-state models are a useful way of describing a process in which an individual moves through a number of finite states in continuous time. The illness-death model plays a central role in the theory and practice of these models, describing the dynamics of healthy subjects who may move to an intermediate "diseased" state before entering into a terminal absorbing state. In these models, one important goal is the modeling of transition rates which is usually done by studying the relationship between covariates and disease evolution. However, biomedical researchers are also interested in reporting other interpretable results in a simple and summarized manner. These include estimates of predictive probabilities, such as the transition probabilities, occupation probabilities, cumulative incidence functions, and the sojourn time distributions. The development of survidm package has been motivated by recent contribution that provides answers to all these topics. An illustration of the software usage is included using real data.This research was financed by Portuguese Funds through FCT - "Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnolo gia", within the research grant PD/BD/142887/2018. Luís Meira-Machado acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO through project MTM2017-82379-R funded by (AEI/FEDER, UE) and acronym "AFTERAM"

An R package for determining groups in multiple survival curves

Survival analysis includes a wide variety of methods for analyzing time-to-event data. One basic but important goal in survival analysis is the comparison of survival curves between groups. Several nonparametric methods have been proposed in the literature to test for the equality of survival curves for censored data. When the null hypothesis of equality of curves is rejected, leading to the clear conclusion that at least one curve is different, it can be interesting to ascertain whether curves can be grouped or if all these curves are different from each other. We present the R clustcurv package which allows determining groups with an automatic selection of their number. The applicability of the proposed method is illustrated using real data

Triorganoindium reagents in Rh-catalyzed C–H activation/C–C cross-coupling reactions of 2-arylpyridines

[Abstract] The activation of C–H bonds through catalytic reactions using transition metals is an important challenge in organic chemistry in which the intermediates are related to those produced in the classical cross-coupling reactions. As part of our research program devoted to the development of metal-catalyzed reactions using indium organometallics, a protocol for the C–H activation and C–C coupling of 2-arylpyridines with triorganoindium reagents under Rh(I) catalysis is reported. Under the optimized conditions, we found that Me3In and Ar3In reagents reacted with 2-arylpyridines and related compounds in the presence of Rh(PPh3)3Cl, in PhCl/THF (9:1), at 120 °C for 48 h, to afford the ortho-coupling products in moderate to good yields. The nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring acts as a directing group to assist the functionalization at the ortho position of the aryl group forming a new C–C bond at this position.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CTQ2015-68369-PXunta de Galicia; GRC2014/04

Transition-metal-free cross-coupling of indium organometallics with chromene and isochroman acetals mediated by BF3·OEt2

[Abstract] A transition-metal-free coupling of triorganoindium reagents with benzopyranyl acetals mediated by a Lewis acid has been developed. The reaction of R3In with chromene and isochroman acetals in the presence of BF3·OEt2 afforded 2-substituted chromenes and 1-substituted isochromans, respectively, in good yields. The reactions proceed with a variety of triorganoindium reagents (aryl, heteroaryl, alkynyl, alkenyl, alkyl) using only 50 mol % of the organometallic, thus demonstrating the efficiency of these species. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate the formation of an oxocarbenium ion intermediate in the presence of the Lewis acid.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CTQ2012-31200Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CTQ2015-68369-

Molecular and cellular basis and study models for Parkinson’s disease

30 páginas, ilustraciones[ES] La Enfermedad de Parkinson un trastorno neurodegenerativo, caracterizado por la pérdida de neuronas dopaminérgicas en la sustancia negra. Es una enfermedad multifactorial y compleja en la que influyen el envejecimiento, factores genéticos y factores ambientales. La acción combinada de estos factores provoca múltiples alteraciones celulares que desembocan en la degeneración neuronal causando alteraciones en la función motora. Actualmente, sólo existen tratamientos paliativos. Esto se debe, al menos en parte, a que tradicionalmente el estudio y la búsqueda de tratamientos se ha basado en la utilización de modelos que logran, solo en cierta medida, recrear las características de la enfermedad de Parkinson. Por ello, mi hipótesis es que el desarrollo de nuevos modelos celulares que recapitulen fielmente los procesos fundamentales de la enfermedad de Parkinson es esencial para la búsqueda de nuevos fármacos efectivos contra este trastorno. Recientemente se han desarrollado cultivos en tres dimensiones, denominados organoides cerebrales, que dada su similitud morfológica y fisiológica al órgano in vivo, presentan un gran potencial como modelos del Parkinson. El objetivo general de este trabajo es realizar un estudio bibliográfico de los mecanismos patológicos de esta enfermedad y un análisis comparativo de los modelos que se han utilizado para su estudio[EN] Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. It is a multifactorial and complex disease influenced by aging, genetic and environmental factors. The combined action of these factors causes multiple cellular alterations that lead to neuronal degeneration causing alterations in motor function. Currently, there are only palliative treatments. This is due, at least in part, to the fact that traditionally the study and search for treatments has been based on the use of models that manage, only to a certain extent, to recreate the characteristics of Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, my hypothesis is that the development of new cellular models that accurately recapitulate the fundamental processes of Parkinson’s disease is essential for the search for new effective drugs against this disorder. Recently cultures in three dimensions, called cerebral organoids, have been developed, which given their morphological and physiological similarity to the organ in vivo, present a great potential as models of Parkinson’s. The general objective of this work is to carry out a bibliographic study of the pathological mechanisms of this disease and a comparative analysis of the models that have been used for its stud

Synthesis of bench-stable solid triorganoindium reagents and reactivity in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions

[Abstract] Bench-stable solid triorganoindium compounds have been prepared by coordination with 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). The solid R3In(DMAP) complexes are obtained from the corresponding solution of R3In in quantitative yield and can be stored for up to several weeks. These reagents show excellent reactivity in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with organic electrophiles.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CTQ2015-68369-PGalicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; GRC2014/04