Chemical kinetics computer program for static and flow reactions

General chemical kinetics computer program for complex gas mixtures has been developed. Program can be used for any homogeneous reaction in either one dimensional flow or static system. It is flexible, accurate, and easy to use. It can be used for any chemical system for which species thermodynamic data and reaction rate constant data are known

General chemical kinetics computer program for static and flow reactions, with application to combustion and shock-tube kinetics

A general chemical kinetics program is described for complex, homogeneous ideal-gas reactions in any chemical system. Its main features are flexibility and convenience in treating many different reaction conditions. The program solves numerically the differential equations describing complex reaction in either a static system or one-dimensional inviscid flow. Applications include ignition and combustion, shock wave reactions, and general reactions in a flowing or static system. An implicit numerical solution method is used which works efficiently for the extreme conditions of a very slow or a very fast reaction. The theory is described, and the computer program and users' manual are included

Sleeping to Remember: Spontaneous Retrieval of Prospective Memories Across Sleep and Wake Delays

Laboratory-based prospective memory tasks have rarely examined the effect of retention interval on later remembering. In the current study, participants had to remember to perform an intended action: press Q in response to a target cue) after a short delay: approximately 20 min), a 12-hr sleep delay, or a 12-hr wake delay. The results demonstrated a large decline in prospective memory performance after a 12-hr wake delay: relative to the short delay condition). Interestingly, prospective remembering was not only better following a 12-hr sleep delay than a 12-hr wake delay but performance in this condition did not differ significantly from performance in the short delay condition. Cost analyses: i.e., ongoing task performance decline associated with embedding a prospective memory task) demonstrated that spontaneous retrieval processes primarily supported prospective remembering. These results are discussed in relation to theories of prospective memory retrieval and sleep-dependent memory consolidation

GCKP84-general chemical kinetics code for gas-phase flow and batch processes including heat transfer effects

A general chemical kinetics code is described for complex, homogeneous ideal gas reactions in any chemical system. The main features of the GCKP84 code are flexibility, convenience, and speed of computation for many different reaction conditions. The code, which replaces the GCKP code published previously, solves numerically the differential equations for complex reaction in a batch system or one dimensional inviscid flow. It also solves numerically the nonlinear algebraic equations describing the well stirred reactor. A new state of the art numerical integration method is used for greatly increased speed in handling systems of stiff differential equations. The theory and the computer program, including details of input preparation and a guide to using the code are given

Sleep, Memory, and Aging: Effects of Pre- and Post-Sleep Delays and Interference on Memory in Younger and Older Adults

The present research investigated the relationship between sleep and memory in younger and older adults. Previous research has demonstrated that during the deep sleep stage: i.e., slow wave sleep), recently learned memories are reactivated and consolidated in younger adults. However, little research has examined whether memory consolidation occurs during deep sleep in older adults. Younger adults and older adults encoded word pairs: e.g., channel - result) in the morning or evening and then returned 12 hours or 24 hours later for a final test: three groups: 12-hr wake, 12-hr sleep, 24-hr PM-PM sleep). Sleep stage scoring was obtained by having participants use a home sleep monitoring system: Zeo, Inc.) between experimental sessions. In the younger adult group, memory retention was greater in the 12-hr sleep condition than in the 12-hr wake condition: the 24-hr sleep condition produced results similar to, though nominally greater than, the 12-hr wake group), and these younger adult participants demonstrated a positive correlation between memory retention and amount of deep sleep. In contrast, in the older adult group, no effect of delay condition was observed and deep sleep did not significantly correlate with memory retention. Furthermore, for one measure of post-sleep delay learning, the older adults but not the younger adults demonstrated a significant negative correlation between deep sleep and memory performance. These findings suggest that the relationship between memory and deep sleep that is typically observed in younger adults, is weakened or changed in older adults

The Mau Mau Insurrection: The Failed Rebellion That Freed Kenya

During the British Empire’s colonial occupation of Kenya, which began in 1895, a new sense of Kenyan nationalism emerged. Between 1952 and 1956, the combined Kenyan tribes—united for the first time and calling themselves the Mau Mau—launched a violent guerilla war against the occupying British forces. Militarily, the Kenyans were no match for the seasoned soldiers, yet the rebellion became a significant cause of the ultimate British decision to withdraw from the Kenyan colony. Policy makers in the British metropole­—the political and cultural center of the British Empire—grew concerned that any reprisal against further Mau Mau insurgent action would lead to socio-political repercussion that the dwindling empire could ill afford. By 1954, in response to their own political fears, the colonial government, in full cooperation with the Home Office, increased the repression of the native Kenyans in an attempt to cover up the abuses the Kenyans suffered under British rule. It was not until 2005 that investigative historians uncovered evidence of these abuses, and by 2011 thousands of documents offered incriminating evidence of both colonial abuse and the complicity of the central government. This paper examines how fears of socio-political repercussions over colonial abuses in Kenya led directly to the decision to decolonize. At the core of this anxiety lay the Mau Mau rebellion and the British governments attempts to obfuscate the true nature of the insurrection

Development of presynaptic calcium dynamics and short-term plasticity in the SC-Ca1 synapse

Following a presynaptic action potential, there is a rapid rise of [Ca2+]i in the immediate vicinity of Ca2+ channels that triggers membrane fusion and release of transmitter from vesicles within this microdomain. This presynaptic Ca2+ signal ([Ca2+]pre) then disperses to produce a residual Ca2+ ([Ca2+]res) that decays over the course of tens to hundreds of milliseconds. The [Ca2+]res has important implications in synaptic plasticity and is the basis for working memory storage. Ultimately [Ca2+]res is removed from the cytoplasm either into intracellular organelles or across the plasma membrane into the extracellular environment. Calcium influx pathways, cytoplasmic Ca2+ buffering proteins, and Ca2+ extrusion processes in rodent neurons undergo considerable change during the first postnatal month. These changes have important functional significance in short-term plasticity — in particular paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) — at presynaptic terminals where neurotransmitter release is directly dependent on the dynamics of free cytoplasmic Ca2+. To examine developmental changes in [Ca2+]res dynamics in the Schaffer collateral synapses onto CA1 pyramidal neurons in in vitro hippocampal slices, we measured the timecourse of decay of [Ca2+]res in presynaptic terminals following single and paired orthodromic stimuli in the stratum radiatum. The contribution of the slow component compared to the total decay of [Ca2+]res was reduced from \u3e80% in newborn mice to ~50% in the more mature animals (\u3eP24) and [Ca2+]res had a distinct slow rising component in newborn mice

Hippocratic Pain

This dissertation assesses the manifold functions of pain in the practice of Hippocratic medicine and examines the interpenetration of pain and Hippocratic theories of the body. Chapter One contrasts the Hippocratic view of pain with the modern understanding of the phenomenon. While the experience of pain is actually subjective and need not necessarily be associated with a physical cause, Hippocratic authors conceived of pain as an objective phenomenon that was always caused by material change. The following three chapters of this project explore the consequences of this relationship between pain and material. Chapter Two argues that, owing to its connection with material change, Hippocratic pain gains special semiotic currency: hence, pain is often the crucial or only sign of disease. As a symptom, pain is used to classify and identify diseases, predict the course or outcome of a disease, determine the type and application of treatment, and prove important theories, such as the theory of humors. Chapter Three argues that the strategies whereby the physician perceives the patient\u27s pain rely on - or at least reveal a belief in - the objectivity of pain experience and expression. Nevertheless, the Hippocratic physician shaped the phenomenon of pain both by prompting the patient to report only particular, relevant, pains and by investing certain dimensions of the pain experience with special significance. Chapter Four explores what happens to pain when the body within which it operates is marked as young or old, male or female. In some cases, the material etiology and association with change that define pain dictate how these patients were assumed to have felt (e.g. the bodies of unborn infants must of necessity experience pain if they undergo change). At the same time, however, assumptions about how marked bodies work can influence the presentation of pain in these patients (e.g. assumptions about the reliability of children and women influence how pain in these marked bodies is communicated to the physician)

EEOC v. Carrols Corp.

EEOC_v__Carrols_Corp__PDF.pdf: 675 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Alien Registration- Scullin, Edith K. (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/21563/thumbnail.jp