Application of Electrocoagulation Process for Continuous Coal Stockpile Wastewater Treatment System

Coal wastewater is characterized by high total suspended solid (TSS), heavy metals, and low acidity (pH). The purpose of this study was to research the effects of the operating parameters such as applied voltage, the number of electrodes, and reaction time on a real coal stockpile wastewater in the continuous electrocoagulation process. For this purpose, aluminum electrodes were used in the presence of potassium chloride as an electrolyte. It has been shown that the removal efficiency of TSS and heavy metals content increased with increasing the applied voltage and reaction time. The results indicate that the electrocoagulation process is efficient and able to achieve 88.67% TSS removal, 95.65% ferrous removal, 99.11% manganesse removal, and pH increased until 7.1 at 24 volts during 120 min, respectively. The experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of electrocoagulation methods for the treatment of coal stockpile wastewater.Key words: coal stockpile wastewater, electrocoagulation, electrod

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil using Electrostatic Method

Biodiesel (methyl ester) produced from trans esterification of waste cooking oil is a potential material to replace diesel fuel. The biodiesel can be obtained by using electrostatic method equipped with fixed distance electrode 1.5 cm and voltage at 12 volts. Coagulation of particle process i.e. glycerin drops in biodieselglycerinmixture was based on electrical field. Reactants used were methanol over KOH catalyst and temperature was set at 60 C. The residence time was varied as well as methanol to waste cooking oil ratio. Analysis result shows the process was able to obtain yield up to 83.3%. The quality of biodiesel produced was tested and satisfy the requirement according to National Standard of Indonesia (SNI), i.e. density 0.8594 mg/mL (compared to SNI: 0.85-0.90 mg/mL), flash point 191 C (SNI min 100 C), water content 0.0342% (SNI max 0.05%) and viscosity at lower limit 2.31 cSt. According to SNI 7182-2015 the above value meets the specified standard

Treatment of Traditional Cloth Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Using Aluminum Electrodes

The existence of the textile industry in Indonesia is not only included in the category of large and medium scale industries, but also in small-scale and some even in the household (home industry). This led to the pollution caused by the textile industry, especially as a result of the presence of the textile dyeing not only occur in industrial areas but also occurs in densely populated settlements. To overcome the problem of environmental pollution that occurs, it needs treatment of the textile wastewater. Treatment of traditional cloth wastewater by electrocoagulation using aluminum electrode material has been investigated in this paper. The effect of relevant wastewater characteristics such as pH and conductivity, and important process variables such as applied voltage and operating time on the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity, total suspended solid (TSS) and total dissolved solid (TDS).  The processing time is used 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 minutes and for the variation of the applied voltage is 6 V, 12 V, 18 V, and 24 V. The best conditions and the effectiveness of electrocoagulation for each parameter varies with the voltage is in the range between 6 V– 18 V with the processing time between 90-120 minutes. The effectiveness of electrocoagulation method to decrease the turbidity value 99.634%; TSS 49.679%; TDS 17.243%; BOD 91.778%; COD 97.260% and to decrease the conductivity value of 23.631% and the increase in pH from 6.34 to 7.79

Electrocoagulation Method to Reduce Pollutants in the Wastewater of Jumputan Fabric Industry

The existence of the textile industry in Indonesia is not only in the category of large and medium scale industries but also in small scale and some even in the home industry. These caused pollution mainly as a result of the dyeing of textiles. Dye not only occurs in industrial areas but also occurs in densely populated settlements. An attempt to treat the waste of the textile industry is needed to solve the environmental pollution. In this research, liquid waste was processed using the electrocoagulation method, and the expected concentration or hazard caused by waste was decreased and to fulfill the required environmental quality standard. Treatment of jumputan wastewater by electrocoagulation method using 4 aluminum electrodes 11x10.5 cm in size with MP-P configuration type (Monopolar-Paralel) for 120 minutes. The parameters measured in this study were chromium heavy metal content, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), as well as changes in pH, color and turbidity values where the applied voltage variations were 10, 13, 15, 17, and 20 volts with variation of electrode distance used 1.5; 2.0; and 2.5 cm. The best condition for each parameter was obtained at a distance of 1.5 cm with a voltage of 20 volts. Effectiveness of electrocoagulation method to decrease turbidity value up to 99.84%; color 99.33%, chromium content of 62.5%; TSS 33.68%; TDS of 66.59% and raised the pH from 5.64 to 8.10, respectively

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil using Induction Heating Technology

Kerupuk and kemplang industries produce at least 65 liters of waste cooking oil per production. One form of the application of science and technology in the field of new and renewable energy can be done in processing the waste oil from industrial production through the conversion process into one of the environmental friendly alternative fuels, biodiesel. Biodiesel production process can be carried out by various methods, such as utilizing induction heating technology. This technology has non-contact properties that do not interfere with the reactions that occur because of its application, which produces heat from the workpiece. This study uses waste cooking oil as raw material with variations in the molar ratios 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:7. The analysis showed that the maximum biodiesel production was used of 1: 7 molar ratio with 86.95% yield, 0.86 gr/cm3 of density, 5.73 cSt of viscosity, 190oC of flash point, and 0.44 mg-KOH/gr of acid number. The using this ratio produces maximum yield and following SNI

PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN KAIN JUMPUTAN PALEMBANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN INDUSTRI KREATIF

The development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is the basis of the economy in improving the national economic rate because most of the existing businesses in Indonesia are small and medium enterprises. Among those small and middle enterprises, Palembang Jumputan Textile has its own characteristics in patterns and colors. Under the influence of a certain pattern, Jumputan Textile has been known and spread in Sumatra and even in Indonesia and overseas. Nowadays, the regional pattern in every province has been in the fast track of development nationally. The creative industry in Palembang is including around 300 industries of Songket and Jumputan Textile recorded in this city. Community service activities have been conducted to two small and medium enterprises in the center of Palembang Jumputan Textile. The community activities are including the development of pattern making or motif on fabric, dyeing process, and online marketing technique in attempt to improve the sales

Spatial Analysis of Environmental Water Quality in Coal Stockpile

The location of mining is away from the coastline, so the coal stockpiles is needed. Stockpile serves as a temporary dump before the coal is transported through waterways to be marketed locally or abroad. The existence of the stockpiles is could adversely affect the environmental quality regarding air, water, and soil. The monitoring and management of environmental impacts is intended to minimize the impact arising from the existence and operations of coal buildup. The presence of liquid waste that comes from coal stockpile can lower the degree of acidity (pH value) and increase total suspended solid content (TSS), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) which when processed will not adversely affect the surrounding environment. The study aimed at mapping the spatial distribution patterns of pollutants in coal stockpile in order to know the quality of environment due to the presence and activity of the coal stockpile. Given the spatial analysis of environmental pollution, the long-term negative impacts due to the presence and the activity of stockpile can be reduced and preventive action can be done. The research begins by determining the coordinates of point samples, water sampling and laboratory analyzes. The results of measurement and analysis in a laboratory are used to make maps of the spatial distribution patterns of environmental quality. Water quality in acid classified stockpile locations around 3.4 with Fe content of 2.34 ppm and Mn content of 1.77 ppm, as well as 406 ppm of total suspended solid

Application of Nanosilica from Rice Husk Ash as Iron Metal (Fe) Adsorbent in Textile Wastewater

Heavy metals are considered hazardous to health if they accumulate excessively in the body. One way to remove iron metal ions by adsorption process uses adsorbents. In this study, removal of heavy metals such as ferrous metal (Fe) was adsorbed using an adsorbent in the form of nanosilica. Nanosilica is made from rice husk ash where rice husk ash contains 80-90% silica so that it can be utilized as a raw material in nanosilica synthesis. Synthesis of nanosilica was carried out using a solvent in the form of KOH with a variation of 1.5M concentration; 2.5M; 3.0M; 3.5M and 4.5M. The five types of nanosilica were applied to textile waste containing ferrous metal (Fe) with variations in a contact time of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes. Waste containing iron metal that has been adsorbed was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) to see the remaining iron content. From the analysis of AAS produced the smallest iron concentration of 0.186 ppm in nanosilica with 1.5 M KOH solvent. Nanosilica with 1.5M KOH solvent was characterized using a Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) -Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) tool to obtain a surface morphological size of 0.44 µm with 28.95% SiO2 content.

Karakterisasi Minyak Jelantah Hasil Produksi Keripik Nenas Dengan Metode Vacuum Frying

Small and medium businesses (SMEs) have developed rapidly in Indonesia, especially for the food sector. One of the most productive UKM in Prabumulih city is UKM Melati which produces pineapple chips from pineapple which is a regional superior product from Prabumulih city. To get dried and tasty pineapple chips, frying is done by using a vacuum frying method that requires a lot of cooking oil. The results of vacuum drying frying will produce used browning frying oil or used cooking oil and cannot be reused if the characteristics of used cooking oil exceed the standard. For this reason, an analysis is needed to determine the characteristics of used cooking oil from the results of the production of pineapple chip vacuum vacuum frying methods. From the results of the analysis that has been carried out on filtered used cooking oil, the value of free fatty acid (FFA) is 4.9% (maximum requirement 0.3%) and peroxide value 1.8 Meq/kg. Thus, used cooking oil cannot be used anymore for frying