Star as Genre: Actors and their Externalities in Popular Tamil Cinema

The star machinery of Tamil cinema presents itself as a nearly unfathomable system that produces stars out of actors and fans out of audience on a grandiose scale. The study is invested in determining a specific mode of star films in Tamil cinema as a unique genre by itself. These films from the southern state of Tamil Nadu in India typically frame and deify the male actor as a star. The star’s image prevails over the narrative, thereby organizing the entire film for the star and not vice-versa. The stars in Tamil cinema are not icons for a genre; rather they are the genre themselves. This research study diagnoses star‐centric cinema in terms of genre and modality, cinematic populism, mythification, identification, spectacles, melodramatic masculinity and fan‐driven organized spectatorship

Stability of heterogeneous flows to nonaxisymmetric disturbances

The stability of heterogeneous fluids has been extensively investigated by TAYLOl~ (1931), SYI~OE (1933), MILES (196i), HOW~a~D and GuPTA (1962) and others. These results have also been extended to include the stability Of cylindrical masses of fluid but mostly for axisymmetric disturbances. When the fluid is homogeneous and incompressible and is having a 'solid body' rotation the stability for nonaxisymmetric disturbances has been investigated by HOWARD and GO-eTA (1962), LvI)WlEO (1961) and PEDLEY (1968). In the case of a homogeneous fluid, in addition to the solid body rotation, the presence of even ~ small axial shear makes the system unstable as has been shown by LIIDWlEG (1961) for a narrow gap and by PEDLEu (1968) without this restriction. In this paper we consider the stability for non-axisymmetrical disturbances of a cylindrical mass of heterogeneous fluid, with an exponential variation of density in the radial direction and having both axial and azimuthal velocities. Assuming the dependence of the radial perturbation velocity on r ~o be of the form u = ?l-'~H(r), we discuss two cases m = t/2 and 1. The general stability criteria, for both cases, have been derived. In the second case (m-----1), as an illustration the general stability criterion is applied to the Poiseuille type flow and a bound for instability is obtained. The growth rate of the most rapidly growing disturbances is also determined

CINEMA OF THE SOCIAL: STARS, FANS AND THE STANDARDIZATION OF GENRE IN TAMIL CINEMA

The star machinery of Tamil cinema presents itself as a nearly unfathomable system that produces stars and politicians out of actors and fans out of audiences in an organized fashion. This study is invested in determining a specific mode of star films in Tamil cinema as a unique genre by itself. These films from the southern state of Tamil Nadu in India typically frame and deify the male actor as a star. I argue that the stars in Tamil cinema are not icons for a genre; rather they are the genre themselves. The assimilation of fans into the process of genre formation is based on an established partnership between the industry and the audiences. This research study diagnoses star-centric cinema as cinema of the social in terms of genre, cinematic populism, mythification, identification, star spectacles, melodramatic masculinity and fan-driven organized spectatorship

A Compiler-based Framework For Automatic Extraction Of Program Skeletons For Exascale Hardware/software Co-design

The design of high-performance computing architectures requires performance analysis of largescale parallel applications to derive various parameters concerning hardware design and software development. The process of performance analysis and benchmarking an application can be done in several ways with varying degrees of fidelity. One of the most cost-effective ways is to do a coarse-grained study of large-scale parallel applications through the use of program skeletons. The concept of a “program skeleton” that we discuss in this paper is an abstracted program that is derived from a larger program where source code that is determined to be irrelevant is removed for the purposes of the skeleton. In this work, we develop a semi-automatic approach for extracting program skeletons based on compiler program analysis. We demonstrate correctness of our skeleton extraction process by comparing details from communication traces, as well as show the performance speedup of using skeletons by running simulations in the SST/macro simulator. Extracting such a program skeleton from a large-scale parallel program requires a substantial amount of manual effort and often introduces human errors. We outline a semi-automatic approach for extracting program skeletons from large-scale parallel applications that reduces cost and eliminates errors inherent in manual approaches. Our skeleton generation approach is based on the use of the extensible and open-source ROSE compiler infrastructure that allows us to perform flow and dependency analysis on larger programs in order to determine what code can be removed from the program to generate a skeleton

Natural convection through vertical porous stratum

The combined effect of Darcy and viscous resistances on the fully developed natural convection of a fluid between two heated vertical plates is investigated. When Darcy and viscous dissipations, in the energy equation, are negligible the energy and momentum equations become decoupled and we obtain the modified Poiseuille flow distribution through porous media. The deviation of the velocity and temperature distributions from those existing in modified Poiseuille flow are presented for various porous number σ = b k, b is the spacing between the plates and k is the permeability of the porous medium) when dissipations are not neglected. It is shown that the increase in porous number rapidly decreases the influence of both viscous and Darcy dissipations on velocity and temperature profiles. Therefore, by suitable adjustment of dissipation terms, it is possible to control the temperature distribution which will be of some use in plant physiology. © 1977

A model for manufacture of nano-sized smart materials free from impurities

ReviewThe importance of nano-sized smart materials in structural engineering, biomedical engineering, and in military applications is discussed. It is shown that the solidification of poorly conducting alloys involved in the manufacture of these materials gives rise to surface and convective instabilities. Different types of surface and convective instabilities are briefly discussed. These instabilities produce a mushy zone regarded as dendrites of nano-sized crystals. These dendrites arising from instabilities are regarded as impurities. To manufacture nano-sized smart materials free from impurities, it is essential to control both surface and convective instabilities. We discuss here briefly, different types of convective and surface instabilities in a poorly conducting fluid. We also discuss different mechanisms of control of these instabilities. Different analytical and numerical techniques used to investigate these instabilities under different boundary conditions are discussed. In this review the moment method is explained to find the condition for the onset of convection, and porous lining is used to suppress the growth rate of surface instability. This is useful in the manufacture of nano-sized smart materials free from impurities. Different methods to obtain the required basic equations and the corresponding boundary conditions are briefly discussed.published_or_final_versio

Temperature distribution in Couette flow past a permeable bed

The temperature distribution in a steady plane Couette flow having one permeable bounding wall is investigated in the presence of buoyancy force N0 when N0>0, it is shown that heat is transported both by convection and diffusion. The effect of convection is to increase the magnitude of the temperature distribution both in the free and Darcy flows. In particular, it is shown that the wall shear has no significant effect on the temperature distribution. The rate of heat transfer between the fluid and the surface is also calculated and it is shown that, it increases with the porous parameter σ. Although the viscous dissipation has very little effect on the temperature distribution yet its effect is significant on heat transfer. © 1977 Indian Academy of Sciences

The effect of temperature-dependent solubility on the onset of thermosolutal convection in a horizontal porous layer

We consider the onset of thermosolutal (double-diffusive) convection of a binary fluid in a horizontal porous layer subject to fixed temperatures and chemical equilibrium on the bounding surfaces, in the case when the solubility of the dissolved component depends on temperature. We use a linear stability analysis to investigate how the dissolution or precipitation of this component affects the onset of convection and the selection of an unstable wavenumber; we extend this analysis using a Galerkin method to predict the structure of the initial bifurcation and compare our analytical results with numerical integration of the full nonlinear equations. We find that the reactive term may be stabilizing or destabilizing, with subtle effects particularly when the thermal gradient is destabilizing but the solutal gradient is stabilizing. The preferred spatial wavelength of convective cells at onset may also be substantially increased or reduced, and strongly reactive systems tend to prefer direct to subcritical bifurcation. These results have implications for geothermal-reservoir management and ore prospecting

Effect of buoyancy on the free surface flow past a permeable bed [Auftrieb und Wärmeübertragung an laminar parallel angeströmten Oberflächen poröser Körper]

Die laminare Strömung entlang poröser Grenzflächen wird in Anwesenheit von Auftriebskräften theoretisch untersucht. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen Theorie und Experimenten von Rajasekhara [1] ist dann gut, wenn Strömungsgleitung an der porösen Oberfläche vorausgesetzt wird. Die Auftriebskräfte erhöhen die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung bei Wärmezufuhr (No>0) und verringern sie bei Kühlung (No0). Umgekehrte Verhältnisse liegen für No<0 vor. Insbesondere stellt sich heraus, daß der Wärmeübergang mit steigender Erwärmung der Strömung zunimmt