A PLEA FOR THE EARLY AND SYSTEMATIC REMOVAL OF THE INGUINAL LYMPHATIC GLANDS.IN CASES OF MALIGNANT GROWTHS IN REGIONS FROM WHICH THESE GLANDS RECEIVE LYMPHATICS. Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy, at the Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.

n/

On the Relation of Tuberculosis of the Knee to Injuries of Said Joint.

n/

Integrating the Pharmacist into Cancer Medication Management

Aim: The present study aimed at evaluating the integration of the pharmacist in multiprofessional cancer care. Methods: Part I: Two pharmaceutical care services for cancer patients were compared. One was provided by a pharmacist on an on-demand basis (on-demand pharmacist (OP)), the other was provided by a pharmacist integrated in the cancer care team (integrated pharmacist (IP)). Part II: Focus group meetings were held to identify relevant tasks in multiprofessional cancer medication management (MCMM). With the Delphi technique these tasks were allocated to physicians, pharmacists and nurses. The acceptance of the proposed MCMM model and the perceptions on multiprofessional teamwork was explored via an online questionnaire. Part III: The MCMM tasks defined in part II were allocated according to part I and the resulting distribution was compared with the MCMM model regarding the role of the pharmacist. Results: Part I: The OP identified less drug-related problems and the difference in interventions indicated a more team- and medication-related role of the IP. Both types of pharmacists were a highly recognized and valued source of information for the cancer patients. The patient satisfaction with information was equally high and the patients’ quality of life was stable in both groups. Part II: 38 tasks necessary in cancer medication management were identified and the allocation to physician, pharmacist and nurse resulted in 27 shared responsibilities. It was perceived that the pharmacist should take responsibility for tasks concerning patient education and counseling as well as prevention of drug-related problems. Professionals accepted the proposed MCMM model and rated it to be reasonable (79%), feasible (68%) and quality-enhancing (67%). Barriers and benefits to multiprofessional teamwork concerned patient-, team-, therapy-, structure-, resources-related categories or were not seen. Part III: Concerning the pharmacist 32% of task responsibilities in part I differed from the allocation in the proposed MCMM model in part II. Conclusions: The present study showed that the integration of the pharmacist into the health care team can facilitate the detection and solution of DRPs going along with high patient recognition and valuation of the pharmacist as an information source. The proposed MCMM model established the pharmacist’s responsibilities in patient education and counseling as well as prevention of drug-related problems and might serve as a tool to trigger local changes in cancer medication management regarding the allocation and completion of necessary tasks in the multiprofessional team

A stochastic individual based model for the growth of a stand of Japanese knotweed including mowing as a management technique

Invasive alien species are a growing threat for environment and health. They also have a major economic impact, as they can damage many infrastructures. The Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), present in North America, Northern and Central Europe as well as in Australia and New Zealand, is listed by the World Conservation Union as one of the world's worst invasive species. So far, most models have dealt with how the invasion spreads without management. This paper aims at providing a model able to study and predict the dynamics of a stand of Japanese knotweed taking into account mowing as a management technique. The model we propose is stochastic and individual-based, which allows us taking into account the behaviour of individuals depending on their size and location, as well as individual stochasticity. We set plant dynamics parameters thanks to a calibration with field data, and study the influence of the initial population size, the mean number of mowing events a year and the management project duration on mean area and mean number of crowns of stands. In particular, our results provide the sets of parameters for which it is possible to obtain the stand eradication, and the minimal duration of the management project necessary to achieve this latter

Daily Based Morgan–Morgan–Finney (DMMF) Model : A Spatially Distributed Conceptual Soil Erosion Model to Simulate Complex Soil Surface Configurations

In this paper, we present the Daily based Morgan–Morgan–Finney model. The main processes in this model are based on the Morgan–Morgan–Finney soil erosion model, and it is suitable for estimating surface runoff and sediment redistribution patterns in seasonal climate regions with complex surface configurations. We achieved temporal flexibility by utilizing daily time steps, which is suitable for regions with concentrated seasonal rainfall. We introduce the proportion of impervious surface cover as a parameter to reflect its impacts on soil erosion through blocking water infiltration and protecting the soil from detachment. Also, several equations and sequences of sub-processes are modified from the previous model to better represent physical processes. From the sensitivity analysis using the Sobol’ method, the DMMF model shows the rational response to the input parameters which is consistent with the result from the previous versions. To evaluate the model performance, we applied the model to two potato fields in South Korea that had complex surface configurations using plastic covered ridges at various temporal periods during the monsoon season. Our new model shows acceptable performance for runoff and the sediment loss estimation ( NSE ≥ 0.63 , | PBIAS | ≤ 17.00 , and RSR ≤ 0.57 ). Our findings demonstrate that the DMMF model is able to predict the surface runoff and sediment redistribution patterns for cropland with complex surface configurations

Modeling the Impact of Climate and Vegetation on Fire Regimes in Mountain Landscapes

Assessing the long-term dynamics of mountain landscapes that are influenced by large-scale natural and anthropogenic disturbances and a changing climate is a complex subject. In this study, a landscape-level ecological model was modified to this end. We describe the structure and evaluation of the fire sub-model of the new landscape model LandClim, which was designed to simulate climate-fire-vegetation dynamics. We applied the model to an extended elevational gradient in the Colorado Front Range to test its ability to simulate vegetation composition and the strongly varying fire regime along the gradient. The simulated sequence of forest types along the gradient corresponded to the one observed, and the location of ecotones lay within the range of observed values. The model captured the range of observed fire rotations and reproduced realistic fire size distributions. Although the results are subject to considerable uncertainty, we conclude that LandClim can be used to explore the relative differences of fire regimes between strongly different climatic condition

Do small-grain processes matter for landscape scale questions? Sensitivity of a forest landscape model to the formulation of tree growth rate

Process-based forest landscape models are valuable tools for testing basic ecological theory and for projecting how forest landscapes may respond to climate change and other environmental shifts. However, the ability of these models to accurately predict environmentally-induced shifts in species distributions as well as changes in forest composition and structure is often contingent on the phenomenological representation of individual-level processes accurately scaling-up to landscape-level community dynamics. We use a spatially explicit landscape forest model (LandClim) to examine how three alternative formulations of individual tree growth (logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy) influence model results. Interactions between growth models and landscape characteristics (landscape heterogeneity and disturbance intensity) were tested to determine in what type of landscape simulation results were most sensitive to growth model structure. We found that simulation results were robust to growth function formulation when the results were assessed at a large spatial extent (landscape) and when coarse response variables, such as total forest biomass, were examined. However, results diverged when more detailed response variables, such as species composition within elevation bands, were considered. These differences were particularly prevalent in regions that included environmental transition zones where forest composition is strongly driven by growth-dependent competition. We found that neither landscape heterogeneity nor the intensity of landscape disturbances accentuated simulation sensitivity to growth model formulation. Our results indicate that at the landscape extent, simulation results are robust, but the reliability of model results at a finer resolution depends critically on accurate tree growth function

Belief Functions: Theory and Algorithms

The subject of this thesis is belief function theory and its application in different contexts. Belief function theory can be interpreted as a generalization of Bayesian probability theory and makes it possible to distinguish between different types of uncertainty. In this thesis, applications of belief function theory are explored both on a theoretical and on an algorithmic level. The problem of exponential complexity associated with belief function inference is addressed in this thesis by showing how efficient algorithms can be developed based on Monte-Carlo approximations and exploitation of independence. The effectiveness of these algorithms is demonstrated in applications to particle filtering, simultaneous localization and mapping, and active classification

Classification of rare land cover types: Distinguishing annual and perennial crops in an agricultural catchment in South Korea

Many environmental data are inherently imbalanced, with some majority land use and land cover types dominating over rare ones. In cultivated ecosystems minority classes are often the target as they might indicate a beginning land use change. Most standard classifiers perform best on a balanced distribution of classes, and fail to detect minority classes. We used the synthetic minority oversampling technique (smote) with Random Forest to classify land cover classes in a small agricultural catchment in South Korea using modis time series. This area faces a major soil erosion problem and policy measures encourage farmers to replace annual by perennial crops to mitigate this issue. Our major goal was therefore to improve the classification performance on annual and perennial crops. We compared four different classification scenarios on original imbalanced and synthetically oversampled balanced data to quantify the effect of smote on classification performance. smote substantially increased the true positive rate of all oversampled minority classes. However, the performance on minor classes remained lower than on the majority class. We attribute this result to a class overlap already present in the original data set that is not resolved by smote. Our results show that resampling algorithms could help to derive more accurate land use and land cover maps from freely available data. These maps can be used to provide information on the distribution of land use classes in heterogeneous agricultural areas and could potentially benefit decision making

Propuesta de traducción al alemán de un texto turístico en español y comentario: Real Alcázar de Sevilla

Este trabajo está constituido por dos partes principales: De una parte, un texto de origen en español traducido a la lengua alemana. El texto seleccionado para la traducción ha sido extraído de la página web oficial del Real Alcázar de Sevilla y en él hay información específica de sus distintas zonas, la descripción de ellas y su historia. De otro lado, un análisis de todo el proceso de traducción, señalando aspectos tan relevantes como las dificultades encontradas y los resultados obtenidos que componen el comentario traductológico de esta segunda parte del trabajo.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Turism