Ward type identities for the 2d Anderson model at weak disorder

Using the particular momentum conservation laws in dimension d=2, we can rewrite the Anderson model in terms of low momentum long range fields, at the price of introducing electron loops. The corresponding loops satisfy a Ward type identity, hence are much smaller than expected. This fact should be useful for a study of the weak-coupling model in the middle of the spectrum of the free Hamiltonian.Comment: LaTeX 2e document using AMS symbols, 25 pages and 32 eps figure

Coordination and Self-Adaptive Communication Primitives for Low-Power Wireless Networks

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a recent trend where objects are augmented with computing and communication capabilities, often via low-power wireless radios. The Internet of Things is an enabler for a connected and more sustainable modern society: smart grids are deployed to improve energy production and consumption, wireless monitoring systems allow smart factories to detect faults early and reduce waste, while connected vehicles coordinate on the road to ensure our safety and save fuel. Many recent IoT applications have stringent requirements for their wireless communication substrate: devices must cooperate and coordinate, must perform efficiently under varying and sometimes extreme environments, while strict deadlines must be met. Current distributed coordination algorithms have high overheads and are unfit to meet the requirements of today\u27s wireless applications, while current wireless protocols are often best-effort and lack the guarantees provided by well-studied coordination solutions. Further, many communication primitives available today lack the ability to adapt to dynamic environments, and are often tuned during their design phase to reach a target performance, rather than be continuously updated at runtime to adapt to reality.In this thesis, we study the problem of efficient and low-latency consensus in the context of low-power wireless networks, where communication is unreliable and nodes can fail, and we investigate the design of a self-adaptive wireless stack, where the communication substrate is able to adapt to changes to its environment. We propose three new communication primitives: Wireless Paxos brings fault-tolerant consensus to low-power wireless networking, STARC is a middleware for safe vehicular coordination at intersections, while Dimmer builds on reinforcement learning to provide adaptivity to low-power wireless networks. We evaluate in-depth each primitive on testbed deployments and we provide an open-source implementation to enable their use and improvement by the community

Collaborative, Intelligent, and Adaptive Systems for the Low-Power Internet of Things

With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), more and more devices are getting equipped with communication capabilities, often via wireless radios. Their deployments pave the way for new and mission-critical applications: cars will communicate with nearby vehicles to coordinate at intersections; industrial wireless closed-loop systems will improve operational safety in factories; while swarms of drones will coordinate to plan collision-free trajectories. To achieve these goals, IoT devices will need to communicate, coordinate, and collaborate over the wireless medium. However, these envisioned applications necessitate new characteristics that current solutions and protocols cannot fulfill: IoT devices require consistency guarantees from their communication and demand for adaptive behavior in complex and dynamic environments.In this thesis, we design, implement, and evaluate systems and mechanisms to enable safe coordination and adaptivity for the smallest IoT devices. To ensure consistent coordination, we bring fault-tolerant consensus to low-power wireless communication and introduce Wireless Paxos, a flavor of the Paxos algorithm specifically tailored to low-power IoT. We then present STARC, a wireless coordination mechanism for intersection management combining commit semantics with synchronous transmissions. To enable adaptivity in the wireless networking stack, we introduce Dimmer and eAFH. Dimmer combines Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Armed Bandits to adapt its communication parameters and counteract the adverse effects of wireless interference at runtime while optimizing energy consumption in normal conditions. eAFH provides dynamic channel management in Bluetooth Low Energy by excluding and dynamically re-including channels in scenarios with mobility. Finally, we demonstrate with BlueSeer that a device can classify its environment, i.e., recognize whether it is located in a home, office, street, or transport, solely from received Bluetooth Low Energy signals fed into an embedded machine learning model. BlueSeer therefore increases the intelligence of the smallest IoT devices, allowing them to adapt their behaviors to their current surroundings

WEISNER V. GOOGLE LLC: AN EFFORT TO PROVIDE CLARITY REGARDING PATENT SUBJECT MATTER ELIGIBILITY

The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (“Federal Circuit”) recently issued a precedential two-to-one decision regarding patent subject matter eligibility under section 101 of the Patent Act.1 In Weisner v. Google LLC, the Federal Circuit held that U.S. Patent Nos. 10,380,202 and 10,642,910 are directed to abstract ideas of creating digital travel logs which are patent ineligible.2 Additionally, the Court held that U.S. Patent Nos. 10,394,905 and 10,642,911 are directed to both creating and using travel logs to improve computerized search results and are potentially patenteligible.3 The majority’s decision is an attempt to clarify the historically gray area of patent eligibility under section 101, but it is unclear whether the result will aid future decisions or add to the complexity. Judge Hughes’s dissent offers an interesting analysis arguing the focus of the patents’ claims does not warrant patent eligibility under section 101.4 He proposed that to be patent-eligible, the patents needed to solve a problem specific to the Internet.5 However, the majority’s decision seems to imply that courts should be more flexible and view patent eligibility as a simple threshold test, rather than halting the case in the early stages of litigation

The Romano-Parthian Cold War: Julio-Claudian Foreign Policy in the First Century CE and Tacitus\u27 Annales

Many ancient and modern authors view the first century CE as an unprecedented era of peace and security for the Roman Empire. These writers often identify the Roman emperor Augustus’ diplomatic settlement with Parthia (ca. 20 BCE) as an important cornerstone of the Pax Romana. But while the two ancient superpowers may have averted large-scale conflicts, Romano-Parthian relations under Augustus and the Julio-Claudians were never entirely uneventful or especially peaceful. Whether the Parthian Empire posed a real threat to Rome’s internal security or not, Julio-Claudian emperors developed elaborate “cold war”-style strategies to keep Rome’s eastern rival in check. Augustus and his successors frequently dispatched dynastic pretenders to destabilize Parthia’s Arsacid regime and fought hard to maintain the Kingdom of Armenia as a strategic buffer-state. These strategies, for the most part, preserved the integrity of Rome’s eastern provinces for more than a century; however, that security came at some cost to the Julio-Claudians’ reputation at home. Despite the diplomatic strategy’s general effectiveness, Roman critics viewed the Julio-Claudians’ Parthian strategy with disdain—as a poor substitute for a more direct, more “Roman” militaristic approach to the eastern frontier. To better understand these critics’ objections, this study focuses on the Roman historian Tacitus’ Annales. Tacitus’ work, composed either just prior to or during Trajan’s Parthian War, contains a series of extensive passages dedicated to Romano-Parthian affairs in the first century. In the past, some Tacitean scholars have dismissed these eastern episodes as aimless digressions that bear no relevance for the historian’s overall purpose. Careful analysis reveals, however, that these passages, in fact, form a highly schematized literary argument which calls into question the wisdom of the Julio-Claudians’ Parthian strategy. Undermining the Julio-Claudians’ foreign policy allows Tacitus to portray Trajan’s Parthian War as the proper course of action all Roman emperors should adopt in terms of the eastern frontier

Organisation documentaire en IUFM (L\u27)

Situation des bibliothèques et de la documentation dans les IUFM, préconisations pour le développement de politiques documentaires cohérentes et pour l\u27organisation en SCD