Survey of RSA Vulnerabilities

Rivest et al. patented (US) RSA. RSA forms the basis of most public encryption systems. It describes a public key encryption algorithm and certification process, which protects user data over networks. The patent expired in September 2000 and now is available for general use. According to Marketsandmarkets.com, the global network encryption market size is expected to grow from USD 2.9 billion in 2018 to USD 4.6 billion by 2023, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.8%. Major growth drivers for the market include increasing adoption of optical transmission, an increasing demand to meet various regulatory compliances and a growing focus on shielding organizations from network security breaches. In short, RSA forms the basis of almost all public encryption systems. This, however, is not without risk. This chapter explores some of these vulnerabilities in a mathematical context and provides the reader with an appreciation of the strength of RSA

The Effect of Local Heat and Cold Therapy on the Intraarticular and Skin Surface Temperature of the Knee

Objective. To evaluate the effects of local application of ice chips, ligno-paraffin, short-wave diathermy, and nitrogen-cold air on skin and intraarticular temperature. \ud Methods. Forty-two healthy subjects were divided into 4 treatment groups. A temperature probe was inserted into the knee joint cavity and another placed on the overlying skin, and changes in temperature over 3 hours, by treatment group, were recorded. \ud Results. The mean skin surface temperature dropped from 27.9°C to 11.5°C after application of ice chips, and from 28.8°C to 13.8°C after application of cold air. The mean intraarticular temperature decreased from 31.9°C to 22.5°C and from 32.9°C to 28.8°C, respectively, after these 2 treatments. Short-wave diathermy increased skin temperature by 2.4°C; intraarticular temperature was increased only 1.4°C by short-wave diathermy. Treatment with ligno-paraffin increased the skin surface temperature 8.9°C; the temperature in the joint cavity was increased 3.5°C. \ud Conclusion. The use of short-wave diathermy and superficial heat packs in the treatment of patients with arthritis may potentially cause harm by increasing intraarticular temperature. This may have major implications regarding treatment policy for patients with arthritis

It's all in the game

De computer game industrie is in omvang de afgelopen jaren de filmindustrie gepasseerd. Het ontwikkelen van een computer game kost tegenwoordig vele miljoenen. Teams van tientallen programmeurs, animators, grafisch ontwerpers en geluidstechnici werken er vele jaren aan. Toch werd er tot recent in het onderwijs vrijwel geen aandacht aan besteed. Dit begint nu te veranderen. Aan een aantal universiteiten in het buitenland worden vakken over computer game ontwerp opgezet. Ook zijn er een aantal (commerciële) onderwijsinstellingen ontstaan die zich primair op game design richten. In Nederland kan men sinds twee jaar de opleiding Design for Virtual Theatre and Games volgen aan de hogeschool voor de kunsten in Utrecht. Deze opleiding richt zich sterk op de artistieke aspecten van game design. Aan de universiteit Utrecht wordt sinds afgelopen jaar binnen de opleiding Informatica door mij een vak Game Design verzorgd dat meer ingaat op de technische aspecten van het onderwerp. In dit artikel wil ik schetsen hoe dat vak is opgezet en de ervaringen van het eerste jaar geven. Hopelijk inspireert dit anderen om binnen het informatica-onderwijs op verschillende niveaus aandacht aan game design te geven

Incremental and Decremental Maintenance of Planar Width

We present an algorithm for maintaining the width of a planar point set dynamically, as points are inserted or deleted. Our algorithm takes time O(kn^epsilon) per update, where k is the amount of change the update causes in the convex hull, n is the number of points in the set, and epsilon is any arbitrarily small constant. For incremental or decremental update sequences, the amortized time per update is O(n^epsilon).Comment: 7 pages; 2 figures. A preliminary version of this paper was presented at the 10th ACM/SIAM Symp. Discrete Algorithms (SODA '99); this is the journal version, and will appear in J. Algorithm