Host age selection behaviour of Trichogramma aurosum Sugonjaev & Sorokina (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Host age selection in several German strains of Trichogramma aurosum Sugonjaev & Sorokina was examined in laboratory choice tests under direct observation for 90 min., in order to select candidate strains for attempts at controlling the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Experiments were conducted at room temperature by exposing combinations of two host ages (zero vs. 4 and 1 vs. 5-day old) to a single female wasp. Host age did not appear to affect the wasps parasitization behaviour, although they spent longer time drilling on old eggs (4 and 5 days old) compared with fresh ones (0 and 1 day old). This not necessarily means that they preferred fresh eggs over old ones, since both type of hosts were parasitized in the choice test. Possibly an increased mechanical resistance of the chorion of older eggs was responsible for the prolonged drilling time. Mean drumming time was independent of host age. Mean duration of drilling and drumming was in general longest in the first and last egg attacked by all T. aurosum strains tested and for all host ages. Drilling time consumed more than 80% of the mean handling time of all strains tested for all host ages, followed by resting and walking

Luminous HC3N line emission in NGC4418 - buried AGN or nascent starburst?

IRAM 30m observations reveal that the deeply obscured IR-luminous galaxy NGC4418 has a rich molecular chemistry - including unusually luminous HC3N line emission. We furthermore detect: ortho-H2CO 2-1, 3-2; CN 1-0, 2-1; HCO+, 1-0. 3-2, HCN 3-2, HNC 1-0, 3-2 (and tentatively OCS 12-11). The HCN, HCO+, H2CO and CN line emission can be fitted to densities of n=5 x 10E4 - 10E5 cm-3 and gas temperatures Tk=80-150 K. Both HNC and HC3N are, however, significantly more excited than the other species which requires higher gas densities - or radiative excitation through e.g. mid-IR pumping. The HCN line intensity is fainter than that of HCO+ and HNC for the 3-2 transition, in contrast to previous findings for the 1-0 lines where the HCN emission is the most luminous. We tentatively suggest that the observed molecular line emission is consistent with a young starburst, where the emission can be understood as emerging from dense, warm gas with an additional PDR component. We find that X-ray chemistry is not required to explain the observed mm line emission, including the HCN/HCO+ 1-0 and 3-2 line ratios. The luminous HC3N line emission is an expected signature of dense, starforming gas. A deeply buried AGN can not be excluded, but its impact on the surrounding molecular medium is then suggested to be limited. However, detailed modelling of HC3N abundances in X-ray dominated regions (XDRs) should be carried out. The possibility of radiative excitation should also be further investigatedComment: 7 pages, one eps figure, uses aa.cls, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysic

Deliverable DJRA1.3: Tool prototype for creating and stitching multiple network resources for virtual infrastructures

This document describes the prototype FEDERICA Slice Tool developed for the virtualization of network elements in FEDERICA and for creating and stitching network resources over this virtual infrastructure. An SNMP-based resource discovery prototype is also introduced as a new functionality to be integrated in the tool.The deliverable also presents aviability study for the use of traffic prioritization in the FEDERICA infrastructure and some network performance measurements on a real slice within FEDERICA.This document reports the final results of JRA1.2 Activity in the development of a tool prototype for creating sets ofvirtual resourcesinFEDERICA.The prototype goal is to simplify and automate part of the work for NOC.The tool may also serve,with different privileges, a FEDERICA user to operate on his/her slice. The tool described here was designed with the objective of providing an interactive application with a graphical interface to operate on resources for the NOC and the end users (researchers). The tool simplify the creation and configuration of resources in a slice and it is a mandatory step to ensure scalability of the NOC effort. It offers an interactive Graphical User Interface that translates the users’ actions to commands in the substrate (networknodesandV-nodes)andslice elements(VirtualMachines).User accounts may be created for the NOC and for researchers, each with specific privileges to enable different sets of capabilities. The NOC account has full access to all the resources in the substrate, while each user’account has full access only to the virtual resources in his/her slice. The tool has been developed using the Java programming language as Open Source code and relies on the open source Globus® Toolkit. Testing has been performed in a laboratory environment and on some FEDERICA substrate equipment (1switch, 2VMwareServers) in their standard configuration. For testing the router, web services and GUI an additional computer was used, using a public IP address.Postprint (published version

Examining the Responses of Radiation Use Efficiency to C02: A New Approach

Radiation use efficiency (RUE) has been a key parameter for developing simpler models of crop growth and yield. A great deal of effort has gone into measuring RUE in the field and in verifying its validity for predicting crop growth. However, a lack of data on responses of RUE to elevated C02 has resulted in the use of empirical relations that may lead to overestimates of crop yield to C02 enrichment. A new approach relating RUE to canopy quantum yield is presented that offers a more theoretical basis for estimating RUE responses to elevated C02

Predicting Transpiration Rates of Hydroponically-Grown Plant Communities in Controlled Environments

Canopy transpiration is a major factor determining crop evapotranspiration and energy budgets. Unfortunately the development of robust models of canopy transpiration is hindered by a lack of reliable data due to the difficulties of making canopy-scale measurements. However, measurements of canopy water vapor and carbon fluxes via gas exchange techniques are possible in controlled environments. Simultaneous measurements of transpiration, photosynthesis, and canopy temperature were made in wheat and soybean communities. These data were used to calculate chamber aerodynamic and canopy stomata! conductances, and to model the response of canopy transpiration to CO2concentration and vapor pressure deficit. Canopy stomata! conductance was found to decrease diurnally by 20-30% in well-watered crops grown under constant environmental conditions. The magnitude of this diurnal decrease in the canopy stomata! conductance of wheat and soybean decreased with increasing ambient CO2 concentrations. Eight models describing how canopy stomatal conductance responds to environmental changes were incorporated into a canopy transpiration model. The results and methods developed in this study will allow future physiologically-based canopy transpiration models to incorporate these models for predicting the response of transpiration rates in controlled environments

Deliverable DJRA1.2. Solutions and protocols proposal for the network control, management and monitoring in a virtualized network context

This deliverable presents several research proposals for the FEDERICA network, in different subjects, such as monitoring, routing, signalling, resource discovery, and isolation. For each topic one or more possible solutions are elaborated, explaining the background, functioning and the implications of the proposed solutions.This deliverable goes further on the research aspects within FEDERICA. First of all the architecture of the control plane for the FEDERICA infrastructure will be defined. Several possibilities could be implemented, using the basic FEDERICA infrastructure as a starting point. The focus on this document is the intra-domain aspects of the control plane and their properties. Also some inter-domain aspects are addressed. The main objective of this deliverable is to lay great stress on creating and implementing the prototype/tool for the FEDERICA slice-oriented control system using the appropriate framework. This deliverable goes deeply into the definition of the containers between entities and their syntax, preparing this tool for the future implementation of any kind of algorithm related to the control plane, for both to apply UPB policies or to configure it by hand. We opt for an open solution despite the real time limitations that we could have (for instance, opening web services connexions or applying fast recovering mechanisms). The application being developed is the central element in the control plane, and additional features must be added to this application. This control plane, from the functionality point of view, is composed by several procedures that provide a reliable application and that include some mechanisms or algorithms to be able to discover and assign resources to the user. To achieve this, several topics must be researched in order to propose new protocols for the virtual infrastructure. The topics and necessary features covered in this document include resource discovery, resource allocation, signalling, routing, isolation and monitoring. All these topics must be researched in order to find a good solution for the FEDERICA network. Some of these algorithms have started to be analyzed and will be expanded in the next deliverable. Current standardization and existing solutions have been investigated in order to find a good solution for FEDERICA. Resource discovery is an important issue within the FEDERICA network, as manual resource discovery is no option, due to scalability requirement. Furthermore, no standardization exists, so knowledge must be obtained from related work. Ideally, the proposed solutions for these topics should not only be adequate specifically for this infrastructure, but could also be applied to other virtualized networks.Postprint (published version

Case report of an exercise training and nutritional intervention plan in a patient with A350P mutation in DES gene.

Performing a supplementation intervention with creatine and protein, in conjunction with low-intensity endurance and resistance exercise is safe and has a positive effect on the quality of life in a patient with desminopathy

Work integration enterprises as a job opportunities for people at risk of social exclusion

Las empresas de inserción son un recurso laboral poco conocido y tenido en cuenta en nuestra sociedad. No obstante, cumplen una importante función social que abarca la formación y orientación profesional y la inserción sociolaboral de las personas en riesgo de exclusión. Fueron muchos los hechos que hicieron resurgir las empresas de inserción en España impulsando la creación de una ley estatal que las regulara.En este estudio bibliográfico se pretende conocer los antecedentes de las empresas de inserción, su conceptualización, el desarrollo profesional y el proceso de inserción sociolaboral que realizan, el papel de los profesionales en los itinerarios de inserción, así como la labor específica que desarrollan cubriendo un vacío imposible de cubrir por los Servicios Públicos de Empleo. Tras la revisión bibliográfica, se concluye que los futuros profesionales de la educación deberían conocer estas empresas como posibles oportunidades laborales. Además, dar a conocer las empresas de inserción como una intervención práctica y eficaz para las personas en riesgo de exclusión social que, en muchas ocasiones, se encuentran desamparadas en el acceso al mercado laboral y a la sociedad.Work integration enterprises are little known work resources that are rarely taken into account in our society. However, they play an important social role which includes training, vocational guidance and socio-labour insertion of people at risk of exclusion. There were many facts that did emerge this companies in Spain promoting the creation of a State law that regulate them. This bibliographic study seeks to explain the background of the work integration enterprises, their conceptualization, professional development and the process of socio-labour insertion. Also, they perform the role of professionals in the itineraries of insertion and the specific work carried out covering a space impossible to cover by the public employment services. Following the literature review, it is concluded that future education professionals should be aware of these companies as potential job opportunities. In addition, to present work integration enterprises as a practical and effective intervention for people at risk of social exclusion which, often, are helpless in access to the labour market and society