Analisis Kompos Limbah Padat Tambak Udang Superintensif Hasil Biotransformasi Dalam Diversifikasi Pupuk Organik Potensial Masa Depan: Analysis of compost solid waste of superintensive shrimp ponds resulting from biotransformation in the future potential diversification of organic fertilizer

Pupuk organik akan menjadi pilihan pupuk yang paling potensial dan ramah lingkungan untuk pertanian masa depan. Diversifikasi pupuk organik dilakukan dalam rangka memanfaatkan sumber daya alam yang melimpah dan dapat bernilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Salah satu sumber daya alam yang cukup melimpah adalah limbah padat tambak udang superintensif yang memiliki dampak yang buruk terhadap lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Namun dibalik itu limbah tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik melalui pengomposan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mentransformasi limbah tambak udang menjadi pupuk organik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua bulan yakni dari bulan maret sampai mei 2020. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel limbah tambak udang, analisis awal sampel, pengeringan, penghalusan, pencampuran bahan pengomposan, pengomposan, panen, analisis akhir sampel yang telah di komposkan dan penyajian data. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sesudah dan sebelum pengomposan, terjadi peningkatan kadar organik dan unsur hara makro dari limbah tambak udang yang telah dianalisis adalah C meningkat sebesar 352.2%, N meningkat sebesar 217.6%, Rasio C/N meningkat sebesar 41.6%, P2O5 meningkat sebesar 298%, dan K2O meningkat sebesar 615.3%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut terjadi peningkatan yang sangat signifikan terhadap kandungan bahan organik dan unsur makro dari limbah tambak udang. Nilai unsur hara makro dari limbah tambak udang setelah dikomposkan telah memenuhi standar baku mutu pupuk organik padat namun kasar C-Organik masih belum memenuhi sehingga pada penelitian selanjutnya masih perlu dilakukan pengkajian untuk peningkatan kadar C-Organik

Effect of diazinon 60 EC on Anabas testudineus, Channa punctatus and Barbodes gonionotus

Anabas testudineus, Channa punctatus and Barbodes gonionotus were exposed to 5.62, 6.25, 6.87, 7.50, 8.12 and 8.75 ppm; 1.13, 2.26, 3.39, 4.52, 5.65 and 6.78 ppm; and 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50, 4.00 and 4.50 ppm of Diazinon 60 EC, respectively. The median lethal concentration (LC50) values of Diazinon 60 EC on A. testudineus, C. punctatus and B. gonionotus were 6.55, 3.09 and 2.72 ppm for 96 hrs of exposure. The fish species showed several abnormal behaviors which included restlessness, arena movements, loss of equilibrium, increased opercular activities, strong spasm, paralysis and sudden quick movements during the exposure. For histopathological studies, A. testudineus, C. punctatus and B. gonionotus were exposed for 7 days to sublethal concentrations of 1.13 and 3.75 ppm; 1.13 and 2.26 ppm; and 1.13 and 2.26 ppm of Diazinon 60 EC, respectively. Hypertrophy, necrosis and pyknosis of hepatocytes, pyknosis and degenerative changes such as necrosis of tubular and haematopoietic cells of kidney were the major histopathological effects

Analysis of Proliferation Resistance of Small Modular Reactors (SMR) for the Expansion of Civilian Nuclear Power Systems

Analysis of Proliferation Resistance of Small Modular Reactors (SMR) for the Expansion of Civilian Nuclear Power Systems A. S. Mollah Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Mirpur Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh Abstract Nuclear energy has the potential benefit to make an important contribution for mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that cause climate change. Expanding nuclear energy capacity worldwide based on large centralized facilities poses many challenges and risks due to the large capital costs, important safety issues, obstructive public attitude, and persistent concerns about proliferation-that is, the intentional misuse of nuclear technology and material. SMRs, defined as units with a production capacity of less than 300 MWe, may represent a viable alternative to large reactors designs. Among many benefits, SMRs could allow for more proliferation resistant designs, manufacturing arrangements, and nuclear fuel-cycle practices at widespread deployment. In addition, some SMR designs may give rise to less public obstruction from the viewpoint of safety. A principal SMR advantage includes its installation in smaller grids typical of electrical power systems in developing countries. It is observed that there is limited work evaluating the proliferation resistance of SMRs, and existing proliferation assessment methods for large nuclear reactors designs are not well appropriate for these novel arrangements. The objective of this study is to conduct a proliferation resistance evaluation for future nuclear energy deployment driven by SMRs. We develop the scenarios to investigate relevant technical and institutional features that are postulated to enhance the proliferation resistance of SMRs. Different aspects of SMR designs such as: core-life, refueling, burnup, enrichment, fissile material inventory, excess reactivity, fuel element size, breeders etc. are discussed in the context of proliferation concerns

Patriotisme Sufistik Ibn al-Taymīyah; Konsep dan Kiprahnya

This paper examines the thoughts of a famous Muslim figure named Ibn al-Taymīyah. As an individual who lives in an era of heterogeneous society and full of political upheaval, the figure born in al-Harrān has ideas that are arguably unique and different from his predecessors. By examining relevant literature sources, the writer finds that Ibn al-Taymīyah's ideas differ from the majority of pre-existing thoughts. For him, a leader must have the skills, skills and a sense of justice in leading the country. In addition, he is also known as a patriot who has dedicated himself to the interests of the nation and state. Apart from being an intellectual as well as a patriot with a spirit of state solidarity, Ibn al-Taymīyah was also known as one who had such a strong Sufistic conception. This concept emphasizes that the motivation to defend the nation and state must be balanced with zuhud and sincerity that humans are part of a human entity that cannot be separated from the theological aspect.Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran tokoh Muslim terkenal bernama Ibn al-Taymīyah. Sebagai seorang individu yang hidup di era masyarakat heterogen dan penuh pergolakan politik, tokoh kelahiran al-Harrān memiliki gagasan yang bisa dibilang unik dan berbeda dari para pendahulunya. Dengan mengkaji sumber pustaka yang relevan, penulis menemukan bahwa ide Ibn al- Taymīyah berbeda dengan mayoritas pemikiran yang telah ada sebelumnya. Baginya seorang pemimpin harus memiliki kecakapan, keterampilan, serta rasa keadilan dalam memimpin negara. Selain itu ia juga dikenal sebagai seorang seorang patriot yang telah mendedikasikan dirinya demi kepentingan bangsa dan negara. Di samping sebagai seorang cendekiawan sekaligus patriot dengan jiwa solidaritas kenegarawanannya, Ibn al-Taymīyah juga dikenal sebagai salah seorang yang memiliki konsepsi sufistik yang begitu kuat. Konsep tersebut menekankan bahwa motivasi membela bangsa dan negara harus diimbangi dengan sikap zuhud dan ketulusan bahwa manusia adalah bagian dari entitas kemanusiaan yang tidak akan lepas dari aspek ketuhanan

A critical study on the strategy for capital machinery manufacturing SMEs in Bangladesh

This study presents the results of a research programme carried out on small and medium sized enterprises (SME) of manufacturing industrial capital machinery in Bangladesh. The study is intended to establish the market potential of industrial capital machinery (ICM), barriers to growth and government policy support issues towards the development of ICM manufacturing SMEs. This research involved the study of manufacturing industries, case studies on the manufacture of capital machinery and designing a postal survey questionnaire which was mailed to industries, government departments and raw material suppliers in Bangladesh. The questionnaire was designed with an aim to collect, information on opportunities, barriers to manufacturing, strategy of procurement and sales of ICM, use of locally available industrial indigenous resources, strength of AMT, size and performance of the SMEs and the impact of government policy on the growth of ICM manufacturing SMEs. Based on the result of the study, a number of models have been developed for ICM in Bangladesh in terms of demand, market growth, factors affecting the manufacturing cost, government policies, contribution of the national engineering sector to the manufacturing industries and barriers to the growth. The key findings of the study show that the locally available industrial resources based strategic plan for industrial development and government policies are the dominant factors for the growth of ICM manufacturing SMEs through which engineering industries could contribute to the economy of the developing countries in general and Bangladesh in particular. The work concludes with recommendations to overcome the barriers and constraints to the growth of ICM manufacturing SMEs

Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction and Its Level among the Mobile Customers in United Kingdom (UK)

In the present days of market economy, proliferation of ICT, convergence of technology and perceptual changes in the mind set of the new generations it is becoming crucial to maintain customer satisfaction. The behavioural footing in customer satisfaction management and maintenance it is becoming important to identify the important factors effecting customer satisfaction. In this research I have found that customer satisfaction level varies among brands of mobile operators and it is seen that a significant number of the young and also the matured are using more than one SIM. It is also found that Service quality, Perceived Value, Price Fairness, Customer Service, Complaint Handling, Trustworthiness, Internal Satisfaction, Knowledge on Customer needs and wants, demographics, and image etc. affect customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction can give loyal customers and helps in customer retention, which ultimately gives profitable customers.Among the respondents female were comparatively higher than male. Among the present network used by the respondents O2 is highest and followed by Vodafone and Orange. 95% were found to be using mobile and 52% of them use more than one SIM. In case of performance the respondents viewed Vodafone as the top performer in case of Service Quality, and Marketing Communication, whereas, Virgin performed best in case of Customer Care. In all the three parameters of Service Quality, Customer Care, and Marketing Communication Orange performed on the second levels than Vodafone and Virgin. O2 performed third in case of Service Quality, and Marketing Communication. Keywords: Customer satisfaction, ICT, Mobile Company, United Kingdom, etc

Effect of iron on photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide

Technological advancements and population growth are placing enhanced stress on global energy resources. At the same time, the increasingly apparent negative effects of climate change indicate the need to generate clean energy, such as solar energy. This thesis is an attempt in making a contribution towards the development of materials for solar energy conversion. The present technology of solar devices is focused on silicon-based solar cells. Awareness is growing, however, that titanium dioxide, TiO2, is a promising candidate as a raw material for processing a new generation of solar materials that can be applied for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. The pioneering work of Fujishima and Honda [1] indicates that TiO2 may be used as photo-electrode for the generation of hydrogen fuel by water oxidation. The report of Fujishima and Honda resulted in intensive studies on processing TiO2 with enhanced performance in solar energy conversion. TiO2 exhibits an outstanding stability in water and, at the same time, strong reactivity with water upon UV irradiation leading to its oxidation. The main shortcoming of TiO2 for sunlight absorption is its relatively large band gap, which is 3.0 eV and 3.2 eV for rutile and anatase, respectively, while the maximum efficiency of solar energy conversion can be achieved at 1.5 eV. Therefore, the most commonly reported research aims at reduction of the band gap of TiO2 by incorporation of extrinsic ions The recent progress in photocatalysis indicates that the efficiency of solar-to chemical energy conversion by TiO2-based semiconductors is determined by a range of key performance-related properties (KPPs), including the concentration of surface active sites, Fermi level, charge transport, and charge transfer, in addition to the band gap [4, 5]. All these KPPs are defect-related. Therefore, processing the TiO2-based photocatalysts with enhanced performance imposes the need to better understand the effect of defect disorder on the reactivity of TiO2 and its solid solutions with water. When considering the effect of extrinsic ions on properties of TiO2, it is important to realize that the surface composition, which is mainly responsible for photocatalytic activity, is entirely different from that of the bulk phase as a result of segregation [6]. Recognition of this effect imposes the need to understand the effect of segregation on surface vs. bulk composition of TiO2-based solid solutions. The present work aims at understanding the effect of extrinsic ions, specifically iron ions, on electronic structure, surface vs. bulk composition, and photocatalytic activity of TiO2