Hey, this school library isn't what it used to be: The change process and the sociopolitical realities of implementing a curricularly integrated information literacy program

This study sought to add to the knowledge and understanding of the organizational change process for successfully implementing an integrated information literacy program in one American high school. Participant experiences were accessed to identify and describe elements of their successful change process, barriers and supports that affected its success, and discover the relationships among key concepts. It also explored participants' beliefs about the affect of the program on student achievement and examined how these beliefs affected implementation. A qualitative naturalistic inquiry was conducted and reported in a case study format. A Delphi study identified potential high schools meeting study criteria and purposive sampling identified study participants. Primary sources were in-depth, open-ended interviews focused on participants' recollections and understandings of the change process, with additional data drawn from relevant school/state documents, a personal research journal, and relevant literature. Data were analyzed using grounded theory practices. Findings indicated that successful implementation was dependent upon six key concepts: (1) distributed leadership (core concept); (2) effective leadership (3) open and frequent communication (4) better relationships; (5) shared aspects of teaching and learning (6) elements of the information literacy program. Conclusions were: (1) simultaneous occurrence of need, opportunity and leadership for change was essential for successful implementation; (2) distributed leadership practiced by administrators empowered the teacher-librarian and teachers to assume leadership roles; (3) teacher-librarian leadership requires access to ongoing, high quality professional development; (4) continuous high quality, staff development and teacher-librarian staff development role are essential for successful implementation; (5) full-time teacher-librarian and full-time secretary may be inadequate staffing for an integrated program; (6) teacher-librarian's open and frequent communication is key to successful implementation; (7) teachers are at different places on the institutionalization continuum; (8) most serious barriers to implementation are time constraints, heavy workload, and fear of changing one's teaching; (9) a successful program requires a combination of key supporting factors; (10) school library and teacher-librarian role changes are indicators of successful implementation; (11) improved staff relationships result from and propel successful implementation; (12) an integrated information literacy program with a central role for the teacher-librarian contributes to improved teaching and learning

A statistical development of fixed odds betting rules in soccer

Two simple but seemingly profitable betting rules for betting on the away win in association football are developed. One rule is consistent with avoiding those games in which there is a clear favourite. The second rule is based directly on modelling bookmaker odds and assessing the residuals under the fitted model. Contrary to previous research the betting rule using the residuals suggests avoiding betting on those games where there are large discrepancies between bookmaker odds and predicted-model odds.Fixed odds betting rules; away win; bookmakers’ probabilities

Primary Reasons for Not Attending Farmers\u27 Market. Do Market Features and Consumer Characteristics Matter?

The number of farmers’ markets has been growing, but consumer attendance does not appear to rise at the same rate. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate primary reasons for not attending. Specific objectives were: (1) describe the consumer characteristics of individuals who do not attend farmers’ markets (2) investigate the consumer characteristics and market amenities that influence a consumer’s choice to not attend a farmers market (3) estimate the variables that impact a consumer’s level of interest in subscribing to a CSA and (4) assess and estimate the relationship between consumer characteristics and their willingness to pay for one pound of various locally grown produce items. A mail survey was distributed to 2,530 consumers in the South- Central Kentucky region. Consumer responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multinomial and ordered logit models, and a linear regression. Married, Caucasian males who live in a rural location and have a 2-year associate’s degree are likely to choose to not attend a farmers market. Most of these non-attendants are the primary shopper of their household. This finding was confirmed when the multinomial regression found that the only consumer characteristic that increases the probability of choosing to Never Attend a farmers market is the consumer’s primary shopper status (0.2274). A consumer’s education and their satisfaction with previous market experiences make them more likely to attend a market Very Frequently. The probabilities of these factors are .0463 and .1510, respectively. Consumers are less likely to subscribe to a CSA if they live in a rural area (0.1491). Yet, the likelihood of subscribing to a CSA is positively correlated with consumer interest in using an app to purchase fresh produce and household size. Respective marginal probabilities are 0.0472 and 0.0262. Finally, education is a consumer characteristic that increases a consumer’s willingness to pay for three of the four surveyed produce items, while age and marital status negatively impact their willingness to pay

The 3DMA Middleware for Mobile Applications

Mobile devices have received much research interest in re- cent years. Mobility raises new issues such as more dynamic context, limited computing resources, and frequent disconnections. To handle these issues, we propose a middleware, called 3DMA, which introduces three requirements, 1) distribution, 2) decoupling and 3) decomposition. 3DMA uses a space based middleware approach combined with a set of workers which are able to act on the users behalf either to reduce load on the mobile device, or to support disconnected behavior. In order to demonstrate aspects of the middleware architecture we consider the development of a commonly used mobile application

Stories of Andrews: Evenny Ev Milliner

In Jeremiah 1:5, God declares the following over Jeremiah: “I knew you before I formed you in your mother’s womb. Before you were born I set you apart and appointed you as my prophet to the nations” (NLT). A quick Google search will likely bring up thousands of books and resources geared toward helping people find their identity. For many of us, questions regarding our calling, identity and purpose become daily rhetorical reminders of how critical it is to figure out our place in the world. In the midst of that often stressful and daunting search, we can find comfort in the words that God declared over Jeremiah. We can be reminded that, just as was the case with Jeremiah, God has set us apart and appointed us to be used by Him in any way He sees fit. Paul says it this way in Ephesians 1:11: “Furthermore, because we are united in Christ, we have received an inheritance from God, for He chose us in advance, and He makes everything work out according to His plan” (NLT). If we commit those questions about our calling, identity and purpose to God, He will then reveal to us, in His time, the things he has in store for our lives. What an amazing assurance! Today, I would like to introduce you to Evenny “Ev” Milliner, an Afro-Latina undergraduate senior pursuing a bachelor’s degree in social work. Ev digs deep into her search for identity and explains how wrestling with tensions around her racial/ethnic classification, her skin complexion and her faith played a role in her search to discover who she is—a journey that continues to be a daily walk for her. You can read more of Ev’s story in Stories of Andrews at andrews.edu/stories. Thank you, Ev, for giving us a transparent look into your search for identity and reminding us of the assurance that we all have of ultimately finding clarity of purpose, calling and identity in Christ. Michael Nixo

Dental and Buccal Bone Stability After Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Fixed Orthodontic Treatment

The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate, via CBCT, the dental and osseous effects of patients who had completed comprehensive orthodontic treatment with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in conjunction with Ricketts prescription brackets. Thirty consecutive patients (16 males, 14 females; mean age = 13.9  1.9 years) who required RME as part of their orthodontic treatment and had pre-RME (T1), post-RME (T2) and final orthodontic (T3) CBCT images were included in the study. Thirteen patients had 2-banded, while 17 had 4-banded appliances. Measurements of interdental distance (ID), interdental angle (IA), buccal bone thickness (BBT) and buccal marginal bone level (BMBL) of the first premolar (P1), second premolar (P2) and first molar (M1) at T1, T2 and T3 were made and recorded. This data was compared using Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann-Whitney U-tests (α = 0.05). To determine which variables were associated with changes in ID, IA, BBT and BMBL, Kendall\u27s Tau correlation analyses were used (α = 0.05). The results of this study suggest that the immediate effects of RME are uniform dental expansion from anterior to posterior, buccal crown tipping and reduction of both BBT and BMBL. In comparison to P1 and M1, P2 exhibited more buccal crown tipping (p = .010) and less reduction in BBT and BMBL immediately after RME. Long term effects of RME noted in this study included greater relapse of dental expansion at M1, which led to greater overall dental expansion maintained at P1 and P2. Also of note was the bone rebound for both BBT and BMBL, on all teeth, by the end of orthodontic treatment. At T3, patients with 4-banded appliances exhibited statistically significant greater overall BBT reduction at P1 (p = .036) and more tipping on P2 immediately after RME (p = .026). Significant correlations (p \u3c .05) noted in this study between the changes in BBT and BMBL at various time points indicated that vertical bone changes can be expected when there is an evidence of horizontal bone change and that the greater the initial bone reduction, the greater the bone rebounded

Disc wind models for FU Ori objects

We present disc wind models aimed at reproducing the main features of the strong Na I resonance line P-Cygni profiles in the rapidly-accreting pre-main sequence FU Ori objects. We conducted Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations for a standard magnetocentrifugally driven wind (MHD) model and our own "Genwind" models, which allows for a more flexible wind parameterisation. We find that the fiducial MHD wind and similar Genwind models, which have flows emerging outward from the inner disc edge, and thus have polar cavities with no absorbing gas, cannot reproduce the deep, wide Na I absorption lines in FU Ori objects viewed at low inclination. We find that it is necessary to include an "inner wind" to fill this polar cavity to reproduce observations. In addition, our models assuming pure scattering source functions in the Sobolev approximation at intermediate viewing angles ($30^{\circ} \lesssim i \lesssim 60^{\circ}$) do not yield sufficiently deep line profiles. Assuming complete absorption yields better agreement with observations, but simple estimates strongly suggest that pure scattering should be a much better approximation. The discrepancy may indicate that the Sobolev approximation is not applicable, possibly due to turbulence or non-monotonic velocity fields; there is some observational evidence for the latter. Our results provide guidance for future attempts to constrain FU Ori wind properties using full MHD wind simulations, by pointing to the importance of the boundary conditions necessary to give rise to an inner wind, and by suggesting that the winds must be turbulent to produce sufficiently deep line profiles.Comment: 12 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Spectral investigation of the conformation of primary and secondary micelles of sodium cholate and the impact of pH and salt concentration.

Bile salts are biosurfactants that aid in the digestion and absorption of lipids. Unlike most classical surfactants, they are facial amphiphiles with a rigid steroid backbone whose hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces are on opposite sides. As the concentration of bile salts increases, primary micelles are formed. Despite decades of studies of the molecular organization of these micelles, there is no agreement on their arrangement. To bridge this gap, one- and two-dimensional NMR studies of sodium cholate (NaCho) monomers and primary micelles were carried out. The experimental changes in chemical shift were interpreted with the aid of theoretical predictions. The observed trends and the presence of new through-space interactions observed upon micellization indicate that four (or six) monomers are arranged in an anti-parallel fashion. The top and bottom of the barrel-like micelles are held by ionic interactions and water-mediated hydrogen bonds. A cooperative hydrogen-bond ‘belt’ is formed with the hydroxyl groups in the central region of NaCho and surrounds the micelle. Our results point to the importance of both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding in the formation of micelles. Larger aggregates (secondary micelles) form at higher concentrations (\u3e 50 mM). Little is known about their molecular arrangement. Our NMR studies enabled the postulation and partial validation of a model for these aggregates in which primary micelles are stacked together via ion-dipole and H-bonding interactions. The stacks interact with each other in a staggered fashion where the top/bottom of a primary micelle is in the vicinity of the central H-bond belt of its neighboring micelle. Both pH and salt concentration affect primary and secondary micelles of bile salts. We investigated the effect of increasing concentrations of NaCl, NH4Cl, CaCl2 and MgCl2 on both primary and secondary NaCho micelles. Due to its smaller charge density, NH4+ had the least impact because of its interactions with hydroxyl and carboxylate groups are weaker relative to those of the other cations. On the other hand, the higher charge density of Ca2+ and Mg2+ caused the greatest tightening (Mg2+) and even aggregation (Ca2+) as these cations interact with the electronegative moieties of NaCho more effectively