Spécification et conception d’un environnement d’aide à l’inspection des Systèmes Interactifs, basé sur la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough

This thesis is focused on the evaluation of interactive systems. It aims to contribute to the extension and equipment of the Cognitive Walkthrough method. This method is the subject of many studies and experiments worldwide. It has also undergone several modifications and extensions. Despite the interest in the method, its use poses many methodological and applicative problems. Firstly, this thesis describes the key elements related to human factors consideration in interactive system design and evaluation. Then, it proposes a state of the art on the evaluation of interactive systems based on the Cognitive Walkthrough method. Then the specification of an environment to support the inspection of interactive systems based on Cognitive Walkthrough is described. A mockup of an environment called CWE ("Cognitive Walkthrough Environment") is proposed; a first evaluation is exposed. A conclusion and perspectives end the thesis.Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’évaluation des systèmes interactifs. Elle vise à contribuer à l’extension et à l’outillage de la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough. Cette méthode a fait l’objet de nombreuses études et expérimentations au niveau international. Elle a aussi conduit à plusieurs modifications et extensions. Malgré l’intérêt que suscite la méthode, son utilisation pose de nombreux problèmes aussi bien méthodologiques qu’applicatifs. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse décrit les éléments clés liées à la prise en compte des facteurs humains dans la conception et l’évaluation des systèmes interactifs. Puis, elle propose un état de l’art sur l’évaluation des systèmes interactifs basée sur la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough. Ensuite la spécification d’un environnement d’aide à l’inspection des systèmes interactifs basé sur la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough est décrite. Une maquette de l’environnement dénommé CWE (« Cognitive Walkthrough Environment ») est proposée ; elle a fait l’objet d’une première évaluation. Une conclusion et des perspectives terminent le mémoire

Fight to Be Forgotten: Exploring the Efficacy of Data Erasure in Popular Operating Systems

A long history of longitudinal and intercultural research has identified decommissioned storage devices (e.g., USB memory sticks) as a serious privacy and security threat. Sensitive data deleted by previous owners have repeatedly been found on second-hand USB sticks through forensic analysis. Such data breaches are unlikely to occur when data is securely erased, rather than being deleted. Yet, research shows people confusing these two terms. In this paper, we report on an investigation of possible causes for this confusion. We analysed the user interface of two popular operating systems and found: (1) inconsistencies in the language used around delete and erase functions, (2) insecure default options, and (3) unclear or incomprehensible information around delete and erase functions. We discuss how this could result in data controllers becoming non-compliant with a legal obligation for erasure, putting data subjects at risk of accidental data breaches from the decommissioning of storage devices. Finally, we propose improvements to the design of relevant user interface elements and the development of official guidelines for best practice on GDPR compatible data erasure procedures

GenderMag: A Method for Evaluating Software’s Gender Inclusiveness

In recent years, research into gender differences has established that individual differences in how people problem-solve often cluster by gender. Research also shows that these differences have direct implications for software that aims to support users’ problem-solving activities, and that much of this software is more supportive of problem-solving processes favored (statistically) more by males than by females. However, there is almost no work considering how software practitioners—such as User Experience (UX) professionals or software developers—can find gender-inclusiveness issues like these in their software. To address this gap, we devised the GenderMag method for evaluating problem-solving software from a gender-inclusiveness perspective. The method includes a set of faceted personas that bring five facets of gender difference research to life, and embeds use of the personas into a concrete process through a gender-specialized Cognitive Walkthrough. Our empirical results show that a variety of practitioners who design software—without needing any background in gender research—were able to use the GenderMag method to find gender-inclusiveness issues in problem-solving software. Our results also show that the issues the practitioners found were real and fixable. This work is the first systematic method to find gender-inclusiveness issues in software, so that practitioners can design and produce problem-solving software that is more usable by everyone

A human-centered design methodology to enhance the usability, human factors, and user experience of connected health systems: a three-phase methodology.

peer-reviewedDesign processes such as human-centered design, which involve the end user throughout the product development and testing process, can be crucial in ensuring that the product meets the needs and capabilities of the user, particularly in terms of safety and user experience. The structured and iterative nature of human-centered design can often present a challenge when design teams are faced with the necessary, rapid, product development life cycles associated with the competitive connected health industry. We wanted to derive a structured methodology that followed the principles of human-centered design that would allow designers and developers to ensure that the needs of the user are taken into account throughout the design process, while maintaining a rapid pace of development. In this paper, we present the methodology and its rationale before outlining how it was applied to assess and enhance the usability, human factors, and user experience of a connected health system known as the Wireless Insole for Independent and Safe Elderly Living (WIISEL) system, a system designed to continuously assess fall risk by measuring gait and balance parameters associated with fall risk. We derived a three-phase methodology. In Phase 1 we emphasized the construction of a use case document. This document can be used to detail the context of use of the system by utilizing storyboarding, paper prototypes, and mock-ups in conjunction with user interviews to gather insightful user feedback on different proposed concepts. In Phase 2 we emphasized the use of expert usability inspections such as heuristic evaluations and cognitive walkthroughs with small multidisciplinary groups to review the prototypes born out of the Phase 1 feedback. Finally, in Phase 3 we emphasized classical user testing with target end users, using various metrics to measure the user experience and improve the final prototypes. We report a successful implementation of the methodology for the design and development of a system for detecting and predicting falls in older adults. We describe in detail what testing and evaluation activities we carried out to effectively test the system and overcome usability and human factors problems. We feel this methodology can be applied to a wide variety of connected health devices and systems. We consider this a methodology that can be scaled to different-sized projects accordingly.PUBLISHEDpeer-reviewe

Spécification et conception d un environnement d aide à l inspection des Systèmes Interactifs, basé sur la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough

Cette thèse s intéresse à l évaluation des systèmes interactifs. Elle vise à contribuer à l extension et à l outillage de la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough. Cette méthode a fait l objet de nombreuses études et expérimentations au niveau international. Elle a aussi conduit à plusieurs modifications et extensions. Malgré l intérêt que suscite la méthode, son utilisation pose de nombreux problèmes aussi bien méthodologiques qu applicatifs. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse décrit les éléments clés liées à la prise en compte des facteurs humains dans la conception et l évaluation des systèmes interactifs. Puis, elle propose un état de l art sur l évaluation des systèmes interactifs basée sur la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough. Ensuite la spécification d un environnement d aide à l inspection des systèmes interactifs basé sur la méthode Cognitive Walkthrough est décrite. Une maquette de l environnement dénommé CWE ( Cognitive Walkthrough Environment ) est proposée ; elle a fait l objet d une première évaluation. Une conclusion et des perspectives terminent le mémoire.This thesis is focused on the evaluation of interactive systems. It aims to contribute to the extension and equipment of the Cognitive Walkthrough method. This method is the subject of many studies and experiments worldwide. It has also undergone several modifications and extensions. Despite the interest in the method, its use poses many methodological and applicative problems. Firstly, this thesis describes the key elements related to human factors consideration in interactive system design and evaluation. Then, it proposes a state of the art on the evaluation of interactive systems based on the Cognitive Walkthrough method. Then the specification of an environment to support the inspection of interactive systems based on Cognitive Walkthrough is described. A mockup of an environment called CWE ("Cognitive Walkthrough Environment") is proposed; a first evaluation is exposed. A conclusion and perspectives end the thesis.VALENCIENNES-BU Sciences Lettres (596062101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cognitive Walkthrough pour l'évaluation des IHM : synthèse des extensions et évolutions conceptuelles, méthodologiques et technologiques

International audienceThis synthesis paper concerns the evaluation of interactive systems using usability inspection methods, especially the Cognitive Walkthrough (CW) method. The background principles of CW followed by its evolution and variants are described. A synthesis from conceptual, methodological and technological points of views is proposed.Cet article de synthèse concerne l’évaluation des systèmes interactifs sous l’angle des méthodes d’inspection et plus particulièrement de la méthode Cognitive Walk-through (CW). Les principes de base de CW sont abordés, ainsi que son évolution et ses extensions. Une synthèse est faite selon les points de vue conceptuel, méthodologique et technologique

Cognitive Walkthrough for HCI evaluation: basic concepts, evolutions and variants, research issues

This article relates to interactive systems evaluation under the angle of inspection methods and more particularly of the Cognitive Walkthrough (CW) method. The basic versions of Cognitive Walkthrough are described, and also its evolutions and various variants. A synthesis according to different points of view (conceptual, methodological and technological), is proposed as well as research perspectives aiming at the improvement of Cognitive Walkthrough according to these three points of view