The DAPP-BQ in the Netherlands: Factor structure and relationship with basic personality dimensions.

0.20 in a sample of 223 normal subjects, Cronbach's α coefficients were calculated for the remaining items in the 18 scales of this instrument. The ‘Dutch’ α coefficients proved to be satisfactory. Furthermore, the Dutch DAPP-BQ scales were factor analyzed, retaining four factors. Three of these factors proved to be identical (Emotional Dysregulation and Dissocial) or nearly identical (Compulsivity) to the Canadian factors. However, the original factor Inhibition was not the same as the remaining Dutch factor Intimacy Problems. In a sample of 115 students, the estimated scores for the Dutch Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) factors were correlated with the scales of Van Kampen's Four-Dimensional Personality Test. As expected, Emotional Dysregulation was found to correlate with Neuroticism, Dissocial with Insensitivity, and Compulsivity with Orderliness. The Intimacy Problems factor proved to be negatively correlated with Extraversion. The results obtained are embedded in the context of the evidence favoring a dimensional model of personality disorder. Furthermore, Livesley's proposal that separate diagnostic criteria for the existence of a personality disorder must be formulated to supplement the assessment by means of the DAPP-BQ is critically discussed

High potential, but low actual, glycine uptake of dominant plant species in three Australian land-use types with intermediate N availability

The traditional view of the nitrogen (N) cycle has been challenged since the discovery that plants can compete with microbes for low molecular weight (LMW) organic N. Despite a number of studies that have shown LMW organic N uptake by plants, there remains a debate on the overall ecological relevance of LMW organic N uptake by plants across ecosystems with different N availabilities. We here report patterns of glycine N uptake by plants from three different Australian land-use types with intermediate N availability and low inherent glycine concentrations in the soil. Using 15N labeled tracers, we tested the potential of these plants to acquire glycine in ex-situ laboratory experiments and attempted to validate these results in the field by determining actual uptake of glycine by plants directly from the soil. We found in the ex-situ experiments that plants from all three land-use types were able to take up significant amounts of glycine. In contrast, glycine uptake directly from the soil was minimal in all three land-use types and 15N tracers were largely immobilized in the soil organic N pool. Our study confirms that the potential for LMW organic N uptake by plants is a widespread phenomenon. However, our in-situ experiments show that in the three land-use types tested here plants are inferior competitors for LMW organic N and rely on NH 4 + as their main N source. In contrast to several previous studies in arctic, alpine and even temperate ecosystems, our study suggests that in ecosystems with intermediate N availability, mineral N is the plants' main N source, while LMW organic N is of less ecological relevance to plant N nutritio