Time and crops influences on carabids taxonomical and functional diversities with a pesticide-free agroforestry cropping system

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Constructing legitimacy?

How are agroecological transitions and rural development alternatives experienced by farmers and rural activists? To explore this broad issue, Claire Lagier examines how agroecology’s legitimacy is constructed and contested within the base membership and transnational networks of Brazil’s Landless Workers’ Movement (MST). The MST’s politics of land redistribution—as well as campaigning for sustainable rural livelihoods and education—have attracted significant attention worldwide, as have the food sovereignty alliance La Via Campesina’s agroecological training centres. However, few ethnographic studies have focused on the lived experiences of several generations of activists as they struggle to generate ecological transitions in the food system. Addressing this gap, Lagier’s study draws on intensive fieldwork carried out in Brazil in 2017–2018 alongside farmers living in a settlement affiliated with the MST, as well as young Latin American food sovereignty activists taking part in agroecological education. Claire Lagier defended her PhD thesis in Environmental Humanities at LMU Munich's Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society in June 2019. Her doctoral work was funded by ENHANCE Marie-Curie ITN (2015-2018). She is currently based in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Ochronotic arthropathy, an approach to osteoarthritis bone remodelling

The objective is to use hip ochronotic arthropathy for an indirect approach to osteoarthritis bone remodelling in a human joint via an identified causal chondropathy. The method is via radiology connecting pathology and nosology, based on the study of seven ochronotic femur heads excised in alcaptonuric patients. Due to the brittleness of ochronotic cartilage, bone remodelling similar to that of hip osteoarthritis exists with diffuse narrowing of the interarticular space and (except in one case modified by intermediary surgery) poorly developed osteophytes. Ochronotic arthropathy is only a privileged model of osteoarthritis bone remodelling, the pathology of which might well evidence the stages of the process, with marking by pigmented cartilage remnants Thus it may lead to various reflections in rheumatology, among others concerning the respective radiological hip images of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The use of the pathology-radiology files provided by hip surgery of ochronotic arthropathy might offer a useful reference model for investigating various aspects of osteoarthriti

Presunción de inocencia, verdad y objetividad

Presunción de inocencia, verdad y objetivida

Sobre los presupuestos filosóficos de las pruebas neurocientíficas. (A propósito de “Proceso y neurociencia. Aspectos generales”, de M. Taruffo)

Comunicación presentada en "Un jurista pluridisciplinar: al voltant del pensament de Michele Taruffo", Universitat de Girona, 23-24 enero 2015.Presupuestos filosóficos de las puebas neurocientífica

Intuitionism, Practical Reasoning and Defeasibility

This text considers the contributions that cognitive sciences can make to the study of legal reasoning, distinguishing between descriptive, conceptual and normative impacts. In particular, it is concerned with exploring Jonathan Haidt’s social intuitionism thesis, which says that, when we reason about moral and practical issues, we make a decision intuitively, which we then rationalise a posteriori (although at this stage reason cannot change the decision made). The text considers how this thesis would apply to the problem of the defeasibility of rules, which it takes as one of the characteristic features of legal reasoning. Finally, some objections are presented to Haidt’s thesis and to the normative claims of some cognitive scientists

Intergenerational transmissions in transnational families and national affiliations

"This article explains and illustrates the method of family histories, reconstructed from crossed biographical interviews of different members of the same family. This methodology allows for the collection of fine and precious data in order to try to understand the complexity of the dynamics of intergenerational transmissions and the construction of national affiliations of immigrants' descendants. It shows how continuously shifting family relationships underlie creativity in parenting strategies. In addition, this approach can circumvent some specific barriers to the study of immigrant families, who often speak uneasily with researchers. This methodology helps us to avoid reification of static identities." (author's abstract