The Pollution Haven Hypothesis: A Geographic Economy Model in a Comparative Study

Although based on theoretical foundations, the pollution haven hypothesis has never been clearly proven empirically. In this study, we re-examine this hypothesis by a fresh take on both its theoretical and empirical aspects. While applying a geographic economy model on French firm-level data, we confirm the hypothesis for the global sample. Through sensitivity analysis, we validate it for Central and Eastern European countries, emerging and high-income OECD countries, but not for the major part of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Finally, we show that the pollution haven hypothesis is confirmed in the strongest manner for emerging economies.FDI, Environmental Regulation, Economic Geography, Pollution Haven Hypothesis

The pollution haven hypothesis : a geographic economy model in a comparative study

Although based on theoretical foundations, the pollution haven hypothesis stating that heterogenous environmental regulations between countries influence multinational firms' location decisions, has never been clearly proven empirically. In this study, we reexamine this hypothesis by a fresh take on both its theoretical and empirical aspects. While applying a geographic economy model on French firm-level data, we confirm the pollution haven hypothesis for a global sample. Through sensitivity analysis, we validate it for Central and Eastern European countries, emerging and high-income OECD countries, but not for the major part of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Finally, we show that the pollution haven hypothesis is confirmed in the strongest manner for emerging economies.FDI, environmental regulation, economic geography, pollution haven hypothesis.

РОЗРОБКА CЕЛЕКТИВНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА ДЛЯ ВИДІЛЕННЯ ТОКСИН ПРОДУКУЮЧИХ ШТАМІВ C. DIFFICILE

Enterocolitis disorders caused by Clostridioides difficile infection still remain a serious health problem in the world. In many countries CDI is officially considered a nosocomial infection that causes considerable economic losses, including diagnostic and treatment costs. According to the existing data, C. difficile is the main agent causing antibiotic – associated diarrhea and the main etiologic factor of the pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) that often develops in case of complete destruction of the intestinal flora due to the use of antibiotics or chemotherapeutic agents. There is no official registration of CDI in Ukraine, therefore the official incidence and lethality rates are absent. At this time, the problems of development and improvement of selective nutrient mediums and quick, affordable bacteriological methods of C. difficile isolation are especially relevant.The comparative study of the efficacy of the known commercial nutrient mediums for isolation of toxin-producing strains of C. difficile was carried out and composition of a new, original selective nutrient medium was proposed. Unlike existing analogs, the proposed nutrient medium is suitable for the simultaneous isolation of the agent from the clinical material and detection of toxin-producing properties due to its high growth properties, optimal transparency and density.Enterocolitis disorders caused by Clostridioides difficile infection still remain a serious health problem in the world. In many countries CDI is officially considered a nosocomial infection that causes considerable economic losses, including diagnostic and treatment costs. According to the existing data, C. difficile is the main agent causing antibiotic – associated diarrhea and the main etiologic factor of the pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) that often develops in case of complete destruction of the intestinal flora due to the use of antibiotics or chemotherapeutic agents. There is no official registration of CDI in Ukraine, therefore the official incidence and lethality rates are absent. At this time, the problems of development and improvement of selective nutrient mediums and quick, affordable bacteriological methods of C. difficile isolation are especially relevant.The comparative study of the efficacy of the known commercial nutrient mediums for isolation of toxin-producing strains of C. difficile was carried out and composition of a new, original selective nutrient medium was proposed. Unlike existing analogs, the proposed nutrient medium is suitable for the simultaneous isolation of the agent from the clinical material and detection of toxin-producing properties due to its high growth properties, optimal transparency and density

Study and assessment of compost of different organic mixtures and effect of organic compost tea on plant diseases

Four compost treatments representing different organic mixtures were studied: - Treatment T1: 100% cattle manure - Treatment T2: 80% cattle manure and 20% sheep manure - Treatment T3: 70% cattle manure, 20% sheep manure and 10% poultry manure. - Treatment T4: 50% cattle manure, 20% sheep manure, 20% poultry manure and 10% crushed wheat straw. The results showed that the temperature was higher for the 4th treatment which was richer in carbon than the other treatments. The initial alkaline pH decreases for all treatments and approaches neutrality at the end of composting process, essentially for the first treatment. There is also a decrease in the carbon / nitrogen ratio. At the maturity stage, a compost tea was prepared from different composts after five days extraction period. The four compost teas were tested on different plant pathogens: Fusarium roseum var sambucinum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani var coeruleum, Phytophtora erythroseptica and Rhizoctonia solani. All the treatments were efficient against these pathogens and especially the 4th treatment which considerably reduces also the dry rot of Fusarium solani in potato tubers during storage. This is considered an important result since Fusarium solani seems to be the most important pathogen in Tunisian soils. Our studies should be carried out in order to determine the better combination of organic mixtures, the better method of compost tea extraction (aerobic or anaerobic), the optimal period of extraction and doses to be used

The pollution haven hypothesis: a geographic economy model in a comparative study

URL des Documents de travail : https://centredeconomiesorbonne.cnrs.fr/publications/Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 2008.83 - ISSN : 1955-611XAlthough based on theoretical foundations, the pollution haven hypothesis stating that heterogenous environmental regulations between countries influence multinational firms' location decisions, has never been clearly proven empirically. In this study, we reexamine this hypothesis by a fresh take on both its theoretical and empirical aspects. While applying a geographic economy model on French firm-level data, we confirm the pollution haven hypothesis for a global sample. Through sensitivity analysis, we validate it for Central and Eastern European countries, emerging and high-income OECD countries, but not for the major part of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Finally, we show that the pollution haven hypothesis is confirmed in the strongest manner for emerging economies.Bien que se basant sur des fondements théoriques certains, l'hypothèse de "havre de pollution" selon laquelle les firmes multinationales accorderaient une grande importance dans leurs choix de localisation aux différences de réglementations environnementales, n'a pourtant jusque là jamais été clairement définie empiriquement. Afin de mieux cerner cette hypothèse, dans cette étude, nous la réexaminons en abordant aussi bien son aspect théorique que son aspect empirique. Ainsi, en tenant compte des problèmes rencontrés jusque là dans la littérature, et en se fondant sur un modèle d'économie géographique que nous appliquons à des données de firmes françaises, dans une première partie nous mettons en évidence l'hypothèse des havres de pollution pour notre échantillon global. Ensuite, à travers des tests de robustesse, nous validons cette hypothèse pour les Pays d'Europe Centrale et Orientale (PECO), les pays émergents et les pays de l'OCDE à revenus élevés inclus dans l'échantillon, mais pas pour la plupart des pays de la CEI. Finalement, nous démontrons que l'hypothèse des havres de pollution est la plus manifeste pour le cas des pays émergents

The Effectiveness of Information in the Center for Quality and Accreditation at the University of Science and Technology from the Point of View of Faculty Members

The study aimed at revealing the effectiveness of the training programs in the Center for Quality and Accreditation at the University of Science and Technology from the point of view of the faculty members. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used a questionnaire consisting of 25 paragraphs divided into four areas that measure the effectiveness of training programs in the Quality and Accreditation Center at the University of Science and Technology (2059). The questionnaire was distributed randomly to the study sample of 309 members and members of the faculty. The researcher also used the descriptive approach that fits the nature of the study The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in (0.05) in the total score on the tool due to the sex variable and for the benefit of males and there were significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) attributable to the impact of academic rank and to the rank of assistant professor. For the type of college and for the benefit of scientific colleges. The study made several recommendations he most important of which is the need to encourage all colleges to cooperate with the training centers in universities to reach training programs that are more useful. The need to focus on the involvement of females in a greater proportion in the numbers and implementation, design and implementation of these programs. The need to strengthen the training center at the university with specialized cadres of human resources management, which takes into account the dimensions of the training process, which have emerged as important and direct relationship to the effectiveness of training Keywords: Training Programs, Quality and Accreditation Center DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-24-12 Publication date: August 31st 201

Forme atypique d’une maladie de Lyme

La maladie de Lyme est une zoonose qui se manifeste essentiellement par des signes cutanés, articulaires, neurologiques et cardiaques. Elle peut exceptionnellement mimer une dermatomyosite. Nous rapportons l'observation d'une patiente âgée de 37 ans qui a présenté des myalgies et un érythroedème de la face et en péri-orbitaire. Une dermatomyosite a été fortement suspectée devant une élévation des enzymes musculaires. Elle a été traitée par une corticothérapie à forte dose. L'évolution a été marquée par l'aggravation des myalgies et l'apparition d'un déficit musculaire. Elle a été alors hospitalisée dans notre service. Les enzymes musculaires étaient élevées. L'électromyogramme était sans anomalies. Le bilan immunologique était négatif. Une enquête infectieuse a été réalisée retrouvant une sérologie de Lyme positive. Après administration d'une antibiothérapie adaptée, l'évolution était bonne avec disparition du tableau clinico-biologique de dermatomyosite. La précocité du diagnostic et l'instauration d'un traitement efficace permet d'éviter des complications graves

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Novel Bis-[1,3,4]thiadiazole and Bis-thiazole Pendant to Thieno[2,3-b]thiophene Moiety

The synthetic utility of 3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis (3-oxopropanenitrile) (1) in the synthesis of some novel bis-[1,3,4-thiadiazole] 6a–g and bis-thiazole 10 and 13 derivatives with thieno[2,3-b]thiophene moiety is reported. Antimicrobial evaluation of some selected examples from the synthesized products was carried out and showed promising results

Explanatory Model of the Relationship between Regional Governance, Institutional Capacity and Sustainable Development in Iran

Institutional capacity has been recognized as one of the new policies and instruments for the regional development. While, the way in which the institutional capacity affects the regional development has been discussed as a basic problem in the academic and policymaking communities concerning the regional development, and there is no specific model for explaining the problem. On the other hand, many regions of Iran, as a developing country, face the great social, economic and ecological challenges which make it necessary to consider the institutional capacity at the regional level and its effects on the sustainable development. Therefore, this research aims at responding the basic question of: what is the proper model in the framework of the regional governance for explaining the relations between the institutional capacity and the sustainable regional development, emphasizing on Iran conditions?In this research, we have used a combination of survey-quantitative and quantitative methods to study the relationships among the regional governance, institutional capacity and sustainable development based on mainstreaming it in decision-making and activities of the region's institutions. To determine the amount of the institutional capacity effect on the sustainable development through the regional governance, and with regard to the concentrated structure of the country's administrative system and to determine the effect of such concentrated system, we studied the existence of such relations at the regional level, in from of case studies in Boukan and Orumiyeh counties. The results show that there is a direct relationship between the institutional capacity and mainstreaming sustainable regional development. According to the regression analysis results, mainstreaming sustainable regional development has correlation of 0.725 with the constituent factors of the institutional capacity. In addition, the results of the path analysis reveal that the constituent factors of the institutional capacity have different share in the mainstreaming sustainable regional development; so that appropriate legal arrangements, integrated institutions, abilities of institutions, learning and knowledge are effective on the mainstreaming sustainable regional development with 0.604, 0.356, 0.354, 0.248 and 0.074, respectively. Keywords: Explanation, Institutionalism, Institutional Capacity, Sustainable Regional Development, Iran

Towards an automated photogrammetry-based approach for monitoring and controlling construction site activities

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. The construction industry has a poor productivity record, which was predominantly ascribed to inadequate monitoring of how a project is progressing at any given time. Most available approaches do not offer key stakeholders a shared understanding of project performance in real-time, which as a result fail to identify any project slippage on the original schedule. This paper reports on the development of a novel automatic system for monitoring, updating and controlling construction site activities in real-time. The proposed system seeks to harness advances in close-range photogrammetry to deliver an original approach that is capable of continuous monitoring of construction activities, with progress status determined, at any given time, throughout the construction lifecycle. The proposed approach has the potential to identify any deviation of as planned construction schedules, so prompt action can be taken because of an automatic notification system, which informs decision-makers via emails and SMS. This system was rigorously tested in a real-life case study of an in-progress construction site. The findings revealed that the proposed system achieved a significant high level of accuracy and automation, and was relatively cheap and easier to operate