THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IRAQI LANGUAGE WRITING PROFICIENCY ON FOREIGN LANGUAGE PERFORMANCE (ENGLISH) IN THE WRITING SKILL OF PREPARATORY SCHOOL PUPILS IN IRAQ

Purposes: This study aims at investigating the relationship between the Effectiveness of Iraqi Language Writing Proficiency on Foreign Language Performance (English) in the Writing Skill of Preparatory School Pupils in Iraq. Novelty: Despite the linguistic distance between English and Arabic, it is postulated that Arabic writing skills can be transferred positively to the target language (English). Methodology: The researchers used the composition prompt test instrument for this purpose; one test was in Arabic and the other was in English. The population was from two preparatory schools in the general directorate of Thi-Qar. The participants were 25 male students who were chosen on the basis of the students' achievement in the previous years. Results: That is, the participants proved to be proficient writers in Arabic after they had had a pretest in which they were asked to write a short paragraph about themselves. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that there is no statistically significant relationship between the two languages. Those students who got high marks and were proficient in the Iraq language (Arabic) writing performed well in the counter skill (English). Implication/Application: This result supports the theoretical views of Cummins' threshold hypothesis and Chomskian's Interdependence theory. The results of the study indicate that there is no need for integrating the instruction of writing skills between the two languages in textbooks so that the writing level of students in the foreign language (English) can be improved

Image encryption under spatial domain based on modify 2D LSCM chaotic map via dynamic substitution-permutation network

Image encryption has become an important application aspect of information security. Most attempts are focused on increasing the security aspect, the quality of the resulting image, and the time consumed. On the other hand, dealing with the color image under the spatial domain in this filed is considered as another challenge added to the proposed method that make it sensitivity and difficulty. The proposed method aims to encode a color image by dealing with the main color components of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) components of a color image to strengthen the dependence of each component by modifying a two dimensional logistic- sine coupling map (2D- LSCM). This is to satisfy the statistical features and reduce time-consumption, and benefit from a mixing step of the second of advanced encryption standard (AES) candidates (serpent block cipher) and modified it to achieve in addition of confusion and diffusion processes. The experimental results showed that our proposed method had the ability to resist against statistical attacks and differential attacks. It also had a uniform histogram, a large key space, complex and faster, closer Shannon entropy to 8, and low correlation values between two adjacent pixels compared with other methods

Uniform-Pareto Distribution

في هذا البحث اوجدنا توزيع بأسم توزيع المنتظم –باريتو مع مناقشة بعض من خواصه مثلا دالة الكثافة الاحتمالية، دالة البقاء، دالة الخطورة، العزوم، الوسط، الوسيط، والاحصاءات المرتبة وبعد ذلك درسنا تقدير معلمة الشكل وتقدير دالة البقاء لمرض الصلب المشقوق الذي يصيب الجنين والذي يعتبر كتشوه خلقي لمواليد محافظة بابل  we introduce (u)niform-Preato distribution U-PD, we discusses some of its properties, distribution, probability density, reliability function, hazard, reserved hazard functions, moments, mode median and its order statistics. Furthermore, the study estimates the shape parameter. We also introduce the simulation study about the estimation of the parameter and the survival function and the application using the data about "spina bifida" disease that the name of the most common birth defect in Babylon province

Estimation of Radiation Dose from Most Common Pediatrics Radiographic Examinations within Main Central Hospitals in Najaf City, Iraq

          تضمنت هذه الدراسة تقييم جرعة الدخول الاشعاعية المستلمة من قبل المرضى الاطفال الذين يجرون بعض فحص التصوير الطبي للصدر، البطن، والجمجمة. تمت الدراسة في مستشفيين رئيسيين في محافظة النجف حيث تضمنت الدراسة ثلاثة اجهزة شعاعية للتصوير الطبي. تم تقسيم عينة الدراسة الى اربعة فئات عمرية 0-1 , 1-5 , 5-10   و10-15 سنة. اجريت الحسابات باستخدام عوامل التعرض الاشعاعي والتي تشمل فرق الجهد والتيار الكهربائي لأنبوبة الاشعة السينية والمسافة بين مركز الاشعة وسطح جلد المريض بالإضافة الى عمر المريض. وقد حسبت جرعة الدخول الاشعاعية لكل من الفحص الامامي الخلفي للصدر والبطن والجمجمة. وتم تحليل النتائج ومقارنتها مع الحدود المسموحة دوليا لكل فحص شعاعي. وقد وجدت الدراسة ان الجرعة الاشعاعية الناتجة عن أي فحص تزداد بزيادة عمر الطفل.  وقد سجلت المستشفى رقم 1 بجهازها رقم 2 اقل الجرع الاشعاعية حيث كانت جرع الدخول الاشعاعية لها 19.93-67.66 ملي كري لأشعة الصدر، 39.03-82.63 ملي كري لأشعة البطن، و35.47-94.27 ملي كري لفحص الجمجمة. بينما اعلى الجرع الاشعاعية سجلت في المستشفى رقم 2 بالجهاز ذو الرقم 1 وكما يلي: بالنسبة لأشعة الصدر كانت اقل جرعة247.51 ملي كري واعلى جرعة 2393.12 ملي كري، ولأشعة البطن كانت اقل جرعة 269.05 ملي كري واعلى جرعة 5106.15 ملي كري، اما لأشعة الجمجمة كانت اقل جرعة 430.96 ملي كري والاعلى كانت 3072.77 ملي كري. وقد استنتجت الدراسة ان معظم الجرع الاشعاعية المسجلة للأطفال ضمن الحدود المسموح بها دوليا مع بعض القيم اعلى من ذلك.In this study the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) received by pediatrics patients undergoing chest, abdomen and skull X-ray examinations was estimated. The study was conducted in two hospitals in Najaf city where three radiographic systems were considered. The study participants were classified into four age groups 0-1 ,  1-5 ,  5-10  and  10-15  years. Calculations were performed using exposure factors, kVp, mAs and focal-skin distance, together with patient data age. The ESD was calculated for the involved patients who underwent an Antero-posterior (AP) chest, abdomen and skull X-ray examination. The resulted data were analyzed and compared with international dose references. For all studied radiographic examinations and all X-ray machines, the ESD increases with age. The lowest recorded radiation dose was from hospital 1 machine 2. In this facility ESD ranged from 19.93  µGy to  67.66  µGy for chest X-ray, from  39.03  µGy to  82.63  µGy for abdomen (AP), and from  35.47  µGy to  94.27  µGy for skull (AP). In contrast the highest dose levels are recorded from hospital 2 machine 1; the minimum ESD for chest X-ray is 247.51  µGy and the maximum is  2393.12  µGy; for abdomen X-ray the lowest ESD is  269.05  µGy and the highest value is  5106.15  µGy; and for skull X-ray minimum values is  430.96  µGy and the maximum value is  3072.77  µGy. In conclusion, for the considered pediatrics examinations, most of ESD values are within the international acceptable level and some are higher >100%

Castration of Iraqi local bucks by unilateral spermatic cord torsion compared with castration by Burdizzo

The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using unilateral spermatic cord torsion as one of the easy castration techniques in Iraqi local black goats, also to study the effect of unilateral spermatic cord torsion on the contralateral testis. Fifteen local male black goats (adult bucks 13 - 15 months weighing (31.9 ± 3.25 Kg) were divided into three equal groups. The first group was left without treatment as a control. The second group was submitted to a unilateral (right) spermatic cord torsion. The third group was submitted to bilateral castration by Burdizzo. Weighing of animals and semen were collected from bucks before castration, and after two months of castration, for seminal analysis. In addition, blood samples before castration, after two months of castration and two weeks after orchiectomy were taken for determination of the serum testosterone hormone level. After two months of castration, both testes were orchied surgically in all animals for studying the weight, dimensions and histopathological changes of testes. For that, it can be used as a technique for castration since it was easy and with fewer complications. As well as the unilateral spermatic cord, torsion causes a damage to the contralateral testis

Predictability of the Expression of ER, PR Receptors, HER2 and AgNORs in Breast Carcinoma among Iraqi Women in Thi - Qar Province: Immunohistochemical study

This study  is descriptive exploratory in Th

Predictability of the Expression of ER, PR Receptors, HER2 and AgNORs in Breast Carcinoma among Iraqi Women in Thi - Qar Province: Immunohistochemical study

This study  is descriptive exploratory in Thi – Qar providence  for some breast cancer patients .The study aims of the study to assess the relationship between ER,PR,HER2 and the nuclear regulatory regions Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR ( in breast cancer.    The present study addressed the identification the nuclear organization region in the breast cancer patients in Thi- Qar providence and the extent of their association with ER, PR and HER2 in the occurrence of breast cancer.Fifty tissue samples collected from Hussein Teaching Hospital in Thi Qar and some private laboratories in the province with the province of each case data included the most important factor is age, found that the highest percentage of injuries, age (55-46 years) increased by 38%. And mixed samples. Either partial removal of the tumor or whole breast.The results of the current study showed that there was a clear positive relationship between nuclear organization regions and breast cancer, as it was noted the presence of many of the nuclear regions of the dye-derived tissue sections of tumors while nuclear chromosomal regions did not appear in the sections derived from tumors with negative expression of estrogen receptor and progesterone hormon

Generating a Random Dynamical System

In this paper we shall create a new random dynamical system from old one. One of the most important of them, is the product of two random dynamical systems, which is also random dynamical system. This technique will be very important to detailed study of the random dynamical system

Design and Implementation of 8 - Stage Marx Generator Used for Gas Lasers

Marx generators have been designed, built and tested. A Marx generator with eight stages, which can be deliver 64 kV maximum output, is charged up to 2 kV and the high voltage output was 12 kV with pulse rise time of 666 ns, decay time 4 µs, inductance 11 µH and efficiency of 75%. Energy stored in Marx 75.2 mJ and erected capacitance 5.875*10-10 F, the Charging current is 1 mA. A Xenon flash lamp trigger circuit with high voltage output pulse (4.5 kV) and pulse width of 2µs, was used for triggering the Marx generator

Simulation of Longitudinal Stability Of Helicopter In Forward Flight

The present work describes the development of code for trim and longitudinal stability analysis of a helicopter in forward flight. In general, particular use of these codes can be made for parametric investigation of the effects of the external and internal systems integrated to UH-60 helicopters. A forward flight longitudinal dynamic stability code is also developed in the work to solve the longitudinal part of the whole coupled matrix of equations of motion of a helicopter in forward flight. The coupling is eliminated by linearization. The trim analysis results are used as inputs to the dynamic stability code. The forward flight stability code is applied to UH-60 helicopter