2,385 research outputs found
Reconsideration of the Coleman's Baby Universe
We reconsider the Coleman's mechanism that solves the Cosmological Constant
Problem by the baby universes. We use the Lorentzian path integral and allow
each universe has a different effective field theory and a vacuum. By using the
probability distribution of coupling constants, it is shown that the
cosmological constant of our universe does not necessary become small due to
the effects of other universes.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures; typos are corrected, and references are added
(v3
Criticality and Inflation of the Gauged B-L Model
We consider the multiple point principle (MPP) and the inflation of the
gauged B-L extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a classical conformality.
We examine whether the scalar couplings and their beta functions can become
simultaneously zero at GeV by using the
two-loop renormalization group equations (RGEs). We find that we can actually
realize such a situation and that the parameters of the model are uniquely
determined by the MPP. However, as discussed in \cite{Iso:2012jn}, if we want
to realize the electroweak symmetry breaking by the radiative B-L symmetry
breaking, the self coupling of a newly introduced SM singlet
complex scalar must have a non-zero value at ,
which means the breaking of the MPP. We find that the GeV
electroweak symmetry breaking can be achieved even if this breaking is very
small; . Within this
situation, the mass of the B-L gauge boson is predicted to be \begin{equation}
M_{B-L}=2\sqrt{2}\times\sqrt{\frac{\lambda(v_{h})}{0.10}}\times v_{h}\simeq
696\hspace{1mm}\text{GeV},\nonumber\end{equation} where is the Higgs
self coupling and is the Higgs expectation value. This is a remarkable
prediction of the (slightly broken) MPP. Furthermore, such a small
opens a new possibility: plays a roll of the inflaton
\cite{Okada:2011en}. Another purpose of this paper is to investigate the
inflation scenario with the non-minimal gravitational
coupling based on the two-loop RGEs.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures; some typos are corrected, Eq.(11) is corrected,
the predicted mass of M_{B-L} has changed, RGEs are corrected, footnotes
added, references added (v2); some typos are corrected, Eq.(26) is added,
references added, version to appear in PTEP(v3
Measurement of electrons from charm and beauty hadron decays in p-Pb collisions at TeV with ALICE
Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) calculation predicts that a
colour-deconfined QCD matter, Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), is formed at high
temperature and energy density reached in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion
collisions. Heavy quarks (charm and beauty) are mostly produced by initial hard
scatterings before the formation of the QGP. Therefore heavy-flavour hadrons
are ideal probes to investigate the properties of the hot and dense QCD matter.
In Pb-Pb collisions, a strong suppression of the production of heavy-flavour
hadrons with high transverse momentum has been observed. A deeper understanding
of heavy-flavour production and interaction with the QGP requires detailed
studies of Cold Nuclear Matter (CNM) effects in order to clarify the role of
initial- and final-state effects on their production. CNM effects include
shadowing and/or saturation of partons, energy loss in CNM and
-broadening. Such effects on heavy quark production can be studied
in proton-nucleus collisions via heavy-flavour decays electrons.
High- electrons are especially interesting because they mainly
originate from beauty hadrons. We report the dependence of the
nuclear modification factor () and ratio of cross section of
heavy-flavour decays electrons in p-Pb collisions with different collision
energies, TeV and TeV.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of 8th International Conference on
Quarks and Nuclear Physics, Nov. 13-17, 201
Hillclimbing saddle point inflation
Recently a new inflationary scenario was proposed in arXiv:1703.09020 which
can be applicable to an inflaton having multiple vacua. In this letter, we
consider a more general situation where the inflaton potential has a (UV)
saddle point around the Planck scale. This class of models can be regarded as a
natural generalization of the hillclimbing Higgs inflation (arXiv:1705.03696).Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; Report number added (v2
RG-improvement of the effective action with multiple mass scales
Improving the effective action by the renormalization group (RG) with several
mass scales is an important problem in quantum field theories. A method based
on the decoupling theorem was proposed in \cite{Bando:1992wy} and
systematically improved \cite{Casas:1998cf} to take threshold effects into
account. In this paper, we apply the method to the Higgs-Yukawa model,
including wave-function renormalizations, and to a model with two real scalar
fields . In the Higgs-Yukawa model, even at one-loop level,
Feynman diagrams contain propagators with different mass scales and decoupling
scales must be chosen appropriately to absorb threshold corrections. On the
other hand, in the two-scalar model, the mass matrix of the scalar fields is a
function of their field values and the resultant running
couplings obey different RGEs on a different point of the field space. By
solving the RGEs, we can obtain the RG improved effective action in the whole
region of the scalar fields.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figure
Reheating-era leptogenesis
We propose a novel leptogenesis scenario at the reheating era. Our setup is
minimal in the sense that, in addition to the standard model Lagrangian, we
only consider an inflaton and higher dimensional operators. The lepton number
asymmetry is produced not by the decay of a heavy particle, but by the
scattering between the standard model particles. After the decay of an
inflaton, the model is described within the standard model with higher
dimensional operators. The Sakharov's three conditions are satisfied by the
following way. The violation of the lepton number is realized by the
dimension-5 operator. The complex phase comes from the dimension-6 four lepton
operator. The universe is out of equilibrium before the reheating is completed.
It is found that the successful baryogenesis is realized for the wide range of
parameters, the inflaton mass and reheating temperature, depending on the
cutoff scale. Since we only rely on the effective Lagrangian, our scenario can
be applicable to all mechanisms to generate neutrino Majorana masses.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; published version(v2
Saddle point inflation in string-inspired theory
The observed value of the Higgs mass indicates the possibility that there is
no supersymmetry below the Planck scale and that the Higgs can play the role of
the inflaton. We examine the general structure of the saddle point inflation in
string-inspired theory without supersymmetry. We point out that the string
scale is fixed to be around the GUT scale GeV in order to realize
successful inflation. We find that the inflaton can be naturally identified
with the Higgs field.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures(v1); Version to appear on PTEP(v2
Landau pole in the Standard Model with weakly interacting scalar fields
We consider the Standard Model with a new scalar field which is a
representation of the with a hypercharge . The
renormalization group running effects on the new scalar quartic coupling
constants are evaluated. Even if we set the scalar quartic coupling constants
to be zero at the scale of the new scalar field, the coupling constants are
induced by the one-loop effect of the weak gauge bosons. Once non-vanishing
couplings are generated, the couplings rapidly increase by renormalization
group effect of the quartic coupling constant itself. As a result, the Landau
pole appears below Planck scale if . We find that the scale of
the obtained Landau pole is much lower than that evaluated by solving the
one-loop beta function of the gauge coupling constants.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables(v1); published version(v2
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