Identities, selection, and contributions in a public-goods game

The notions of one's social identity and group membership have recently become topics for economic theory and experiments, and recent research has shown the importance of identity in a wide array of economic environments. But predictions are unclear when there is some trade-off between one's identity (e.g., race, gender, handedness) and potential monetary considerations. We conduct a public-goods experiment in which we permit endogenous group-formation. In a 2x2 design, we vary whether people participate in a team-building exercise and whether some people receive an endowment twice as much as others receive. We find that when both identity and financial considerations are present, high-endowment participants are strongly attracted to each other, with one's word-task-group affiliation eclipsed by the opportunity to earn more. Nevertheless, the team-building exercise greatly increases the level of contribution whether or not one is linked to people from one's team-building exercise

Inequality aversion among Spanish gypsies: an experimental approach [Aversión a la desigualdad entre gitanos Españoles: un enfoque experimental]

This paper presents a first attempt to measure inequality aversion among gypsies. We conducted an experiment among adult gypsies living at slums outside Vallecas (Madrid). To analyze this variable we use the mechanism provided by Kroll & Davidovitz (2003) among 38 voluntary participants. Results indicate that: i) 52.6% of the individuals are inequality averse; ii) there is a positive relationship between inequality aversion and some features of the population such as individual religious practice, marital status, family size, position in the hierarchy of the family or club association and, iii) neither wealth, nor participation in voluntary activities affect inequality aversion

Sensitivity analysis of the solar rotation to helioseismic data from GONG, GOLF and MDI observations

Accurate determination of the rotation rate in the radiative zone of the sun from helioseismic observations requires rotational frequency splittings of exceptional quality as well as reliable inversion techniques. We present here inferences based on mode parameters calculated from 2088-days long MDI, GONG and GOLF time series that were fitted to estimate very low frequency rotational splittings (nu < 1.7 mHz). These low frequency modes provide data of exceptional quality, since the width of the mode peaks is much smaller than the rotational splitting and hence it is much easier to separate the rotational splittings from the effects caused by the finite lifetime and the stochastic excitation of the modes. We also have implemented a new inversion methodology that allows us to infer the rotation rate of the radiative interior from mode sets that span l=1 to 25. Our results are compatible with the sun rotating like a rigid solid in most of the radiative zone and slowing down in the core (R_sun < 0.2). A resolution analysis of the inversion was carried out for the solar rotation inverse problem. This analysis effectively establishes a direct relationship between the mode set included in the inversion and the sensitivity and information content of the resulting inferences. We show that such an approach allows us to determine the effect of adding low frequency and low degree p-modes, high frequency and low degree p-modes, as well as some g-modes on the derived rotation rate in the solar radiative zone, and in particular the solar core. We conclude that the level of uncertainties that is needed to infer the dynamical conditions in the core when only p-modes are included is unlikely to be reached in the near future, and hence sustained efforts are needed towards the detection and characterization of g-modes.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical journal. 15 pages, 19 figure

Damping and excitation variations of the solar acoustic modes using LOWL observations

We have used observations made with the helioseismic instrument LOWL collected over $\sim$ 6 years to carry out an independent study of the variations of the p-mode damping and excitation rates with solar activity. We observe significant variations in the mode height, mode width and mode velocity power over a wide range of angular degree values. Their sensitivities to solar activity show clear evidence of frequency dependence, the modes in the frequency range from 2700 and 3300 $\mu$Hz showing the largest variations and exhibiting a maximum change centered around 3100 $\mu$Hz. As for the mode energy supply rate, it is consistent, at the level of precision of the observations, with a zero change along the solar cycle and over the range of studied frequencies. Moreover, the variations with solar activity of each of these parameters are observed to be more or less $\ell$-independent over the range of studied angular degrees. Our results provide the first in-depth confirmation of the findings obtained from GONG measurements for intermediate angular degrees.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Ap

“NIVEL DE RESILIENCIA Y RELACIONES INTRAFAMILIARES EN LOS PACIENTES CON VIH DE RECIÉN DIAGNÓSTICO EN EL PRIMER NIVEL DE ATENCIÓN EN EL AÑO 2015”

I.- RESUMEN ESTRUCTURADO “Nivel de resiliencia y relaciones intrafamiliares en los pacientes con VIH de recién diagnóstico en el primer nivel de atención en el año 2015” Autores: *Pacheco Rueda Paola, **Reyes Jiménez Olivia INTRODUCCIÓN: Laresiliencia es la capacidad de una persona que engloba factores ambientales y personales con los cuales el sujeto afronta y supera las adversidades que acontecen en su vida. Las relaciones intrafamiliaresson expresiones o maniobras a las que se recurre reiteradamente por parte de dos o más miembros de la familia con un significado o intención, son consideradas como las unidades del sistema familiar.OBJETIVO GENERAL: Conocer el nivel de resiliencia y las relaciones intrafamiliares que presentan los pacientes con VIH de recién diagnóstico en el primer nivel de atención.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Diseño descriptivo, observacional, transversal, prospectivo, muestreo a conveniencia, en 50 pacientes mayores de 18 años, aplicando la escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young así como también la escala de Relaciones Intrafamiliares.RESULTADOS: La media de edad 34.4, moda de 24, 26, 31, 33 y 38, mediana 32.5, el sexo predominante masculino 74%, estado civil 30% casados, ocupación profesionistas 62%, escolaridad licenciatura 70%, tipología familiar nuclear 72%, religión católica 84%. El nivel de resiliencia fue alta 68%, las relaciones intrafamiliares alta 62%. CONCLUSIONES: Se observó que mientras mayor sean las relaciones entre la familia, tienen un nivel más alto de resiliencia, por lo tanto se pueden crear más redes de apoyo entre ellos para beneficio de los pacientes con VIH