A la conquista del mundo: apuntes sobre la diplomacia cultural holandesa

Este ARI describe las relaciones culturales internacionales de los Países Bajos y su evolución reciente. ¿Hasta qué punto tienen los Países Bajos una diplomacia cultural consciente, directa y bien coordinada por los actores gubernamentales y no gubernamentales? La práctica tanto de la diplomacia como de las relaciones culturales internacionales en los Países Bajos se encuentra cada vez más determinada por la incidencia en la sociedad neerlandesa de factores externos como la globalización, la inmigración y una geopolítica cambiante. Todavía son dos evoluciones paralelas, pero las dos están haciendo posible políticas más claras tanto en materia de artes y patrimonio, como en el terreno de la diplomacia cultural. Para la política exterior neerlandesa, esta evolución es importante porque de ella depende la legitimación de sus intervenciones en el mundo, incluso en el ámbito de la política interior. Para el sector de las artes y el patrimonio, implica que se legitime el apoyo financiero que recibe de medios públicos. Así, las partes implicadas en ambos campos políticos están, en el buen sentido, encadenadas la una a la otra. Juntas pueden desarrollar un nuevo marco conceptual y político, y llevarlo a la práctica

Exploring pharmacogenetics in osteosarcoma

Contains fulltext : 252878.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 06 september 2022Promotor : Brunner, H.G. Co-promotores : Coenen, M.J.H., Loo, D.M.W.M. te221 p

The hydrological response of the Ourthe catchment to climate change as modelled by the HBV model

The Meuse is an important river in Western Europe, which is almost exclusively rain-fed. Projected changes in precipitation characteristics due to climate change, therefore, are expected to have a considerable effect on the hydrological regime of the river Meuse. We focus on an important tributary of the Meuse, the Ourthe, measuring about 1600 km2. The well-known hydrological model HBV is forced with three high-resolution (0.088°) regional climate scenarios, each based on one of three different IPCC CO2 emission scenarios: A1B, A2 and B1. To represent the current climate, a reference model run at the same resolution is used. Prior to running the hydrological model, the biases in the climate model output are investigated and corrected for. Different approaches to correct the distributed climate model output using single-site observations are compared. Correcting the spatially averaged temperature and precipitation is found to give the best results, but still large differences exist between observations and simulations. The bias corrected data are then used to force HBV. Results indicate a small increase in overall discharge, especially for the B1 scenario during the beginning of the 21st century. Towards the end of the century, all scenarios show a decrease in summer discharge, partially because of the diminished buffering effect by the snow pack, and an increased discharge in winter. It should be stressed, however, that we used results from only one GCM (the only one available at such a high resolution). It would be interesting to repeat the analysis with multiple model

Treatment of verb production: A multiple single-case, multiple baseline study

Two individuals with Broca’s aphasia were trained on (infinitival and finite) verb production in sentence context in an experiment with a multiple baseline, multiple single-case design. Both patients improved on a related task, but no improvement was found on an unrelated test. Improvement generalized to the subtasks ‘naming’ and ‘sentence construction’ of the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT) and on the comprehensibility scale of the Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT). In spontaneous speech, the mean utterance length of both clients increased significantly. One client produced significantly more finite verbs after treatment. The other client’s number of lexical verbs increased to a normal level after treatment

Developing and evaluating stereotactic lung RT trials: what we should know about the influence of inhomogeneity corrections on dose

Abstract Purpose To investigate the influence of inhomogeneity corrections on stereotactic treatment plans for non-small cell lung cancer and determine the dose delivered to the PTV and OARs. Materials and methods For 26 patients with stage-I NSCLC treatment plans were optimized with unit density (UD), an equivalent pathlength algorithm (EPL), and a collapsed-cone (CC) algorithm, prescribing 60 Gy to the PTV. After optimization the first two plans were recalculated with the more accurate CC algorithm. Dose parameters were compared for the three different optimized plans. Dose to the target and OARs was evaluated for the recalculated plans and compared with the planned values. Results For the CC algorithm dose constraints for the ratio of the 50% isodose volume and the PTV, and the V20 Gy are harder to fulfill. After recalculation of the UD and EPL plans large variations in the dose to the PTV were observed. For the unit density plans, the dose to the PTV varied from 42.1 to 63.4 Gy for individual patients. The EPL plans all overestimated the PTV dose (average 48.0 Gy). For the lungs, the recalculated V20 Gy was highly correlated to the planned value, and was 12% higher for the UD plans (R2 = 0.99), and 15% lower for the EPL plans (R2 = 0.96). Conclusion Inhomogeneity corrections have a large influence on the dose delivered to the PTV and OARs for SBRT of lung tumors. A simple rescaling of the dose to the PTV is not possible, implicating that accurate dose calculations are necessary for these treatment plans in order to prevent large discrepancies between planned and actually delivered doses to individual patients.</p

Comparing model performance of two rainfall-runoff models in the Rhine basin using different atmospheric forcing data sets

Due to the growing wish and necessity to simulate the possible effects of climate change on the discharge regime on large rivers such as the Rhine in Europe, there is a need for well performing hydrological models that can be applied in climate change scenario studies. There exists large variety in available models and there is an ongoing debate in research on rainfall-runoff modelling on whether or not physically based distributed models better represent observed discharges than conceptual lumped model approaches do. In addition, it is argued that Land Surface Models (LSMs) carry the potential to accurately estimate hydrological partitioning, because they solve the coupled water and energy balance. In this paper, the hydrological models HBV and VIC were compared for the Rhine basin by testing their performance in simulating discharge. Overall, the semi-distributed conceptual HBV model performed much better than the distributed land surface model VIC (&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;=0.62, &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.65 vs. &lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;=0.31, &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.54 at Lobith). It is argued here that even for a well-documented river basin such as the Rhine, more complex modelling does not automatically lead to better results. Moreover, it is concluded that meteorological forcing data has a considerable influence on model performance, irrespectively to the type of model structure and the need for ground-based meteorological measurements is emphasized