DNA Double Strand Breaks and Chromosomal Translocations Induced by DNA Topoisomerase II

DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are the most cytotoxic lesions of those occurring in the DNA and can lead to cell death or result in genome mutagenesis and chromosomal translocations. Although most of these rearrangements have detrimental effects for cellular survival, single events can provide clonal advantage and result in abnormal cellular proliferation and cancer. The origin and the environment of the DNA break or the repair pathway are key factors that influence the frequency at which these events appear. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the formation of chromosomal translocations remain unclear. DNA topoisomerases are essential enzymes present in all cellular organisms with critical roles in DNA metabolism and that have been linked to the formation of deleterious DSBs for a long time. DSBs induced by the abortive activity of DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) are “trending topic” because of their possible role in genome instability and oncogenesis. Furthermore, transcription associated TOP2 activity appears to be one of the most determining causes behind the formation of chromosomal translocations. In this review, the origin of recombinogenic TOP2 breaks and the determinants behind their tendency to translocate will be summarized.Spanish Ministry of Science and Universities BFU2016-76446-P, RYC-2014-1666

Exploración de potenciales productos de turismo náutico entre Puerto Mont y el Golfo del Corcovado, X Región, Chile

Tesis (Administrador en Ecoturismo)RESUMEN: Esta memoria consiste en el estudio de la zona comprendida entre Puerto Montt y el Golfo del Corcovado para determinar potenciales que ofrece el área para el Turismo Náutico, además contempla una revisión de la industria náutica a nivel mundial y nacional. En base a la información recopilada se realiza una evaluación de una propuesta de modelo de negocios de turismo náutico para el área, en el que se utiliza el supuesto de la compra de un yate a vela de 35 pies que realiza rutas de navegación por los más importantes atractivos naturales y culturales de la región. A través de esta evaluación se comprobó que el turismo náutico en yates no es rentable dentro de los parámetros que se utilizaron en la evaluación. Pero también se concluye que los magníficos atributos que posee esta zona son inigualables lo que habre interesantes oportunidades para el turismo de intereses especiales y dentro de ellos el Turismo náutico y el Ecoturismo.ABSTRACT: This thesis consists in the study of the area between Puerto Montt and the Corcovado Gulf to determine the potentials that the area offers to nautical tourism, and it also contemplates a review ofthe nautical industry at a national and World leve!. Based on the information gathered, an evaluation is done of a business proposal model of the nautical tourism for this area, in which a sail yacht of 35 feet is supposedly bought, navigating the routes through the most important natural and cultural attractions of the region. Through this evaluation it was proven that the nautical tourism for yachts is not profitable in the parameters that were used in the evaluation. But it is also conc1uded that the magnificent attributes that this area has, are unrivalled, and which opens interesting opportunities for special interests tourism and in that the nautical tourism and ecoturism

Conidiation in Neurospora crassa: vegetative reproduction by a model fungus

Asexual development, conidiation, in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is a simple developmental process that starts with the growth of aerial hyphae. Then, the formation of constrictions and subsequent maturation gives rise to the mature conidia that are easily dispersed by air currents. Conidiation is regulated by environmental factors such as light, aeration and nutrient limitation, and by the circadian clock. Different regulatory proteins acting at different stages of conidiation have been described. The role of transcription factors such as FL, and components of signal transduction pathways such as the cAMP phosphodiesterase ACON-2 suggest a complex interplay between differential transcription and signal transduction pathways. Comparisons between the molecular basis of conidiation in N. crassa and other filamentous fungi will help to identify common regulatory elements

The educative use of personal digital storytelling as tool for thinking on my-Self

A partir de la experiencia acumulada durante tres años de trabajo con relatos digitales en el aula, y apoyándose en la teoría narrativa clásica, en la narrativa fílmica, en los procesos memorísticos, en procesos cognitivos y en procesos psicológicos, se presenta el relato digital personal como una herramienta con la que el alumnado reflexiona sobre su identidad personal (Yo). Este proceso de auto-reflexión se articula en torno a dos momentos, a saber: el de construcción del relato por parte del alumno y el de recepción del mismo por parte de la clase. Se muestra cómo el proceso de creación del relato supone la estructuración del Yo en torno a una identidad narrativa y no esencialista, se señala que la recepción del relato digital ajeno supone una experiencia que permite al alumno reestructurar sus esquemas mentales y vivir emociones de manera vicaria.From the experience accumulated during three years of working with digital storytelling in the classroom and relying on the classical narrative theory, in the filmic narrative, in the memory processes, in the cognitive processes and in the psychological processes, the personal digital storytelling is presented as a tool with which students reflect on their personal identity. This process of selfreflection is articulated around two moments, namely: the construction of the story by the student and the reception of it by the class. It is shown how the creation process involves the structuring of the self around a narrative identity and not a essential identity. And it is pointed out that the reception of the others digital storytelling suppose an experience that allows students to restructurate their mental schemata and to live emotions in a vicarious way

Exploring alternatives to crisis

El texto aborda una primera aproximación a las alternativas a la crisis actual. La aproximación metodológica a las alternativas se desarrolla, no desde el punto de vista técnico, sino directamente político. Por dos razones: i) el punto de partida radica en la "solución" a la crisis que es política; ii) se defiende que esa solución no es platónica, idealista e incluso utopía, sino que se encarna en propuestas y programas prácticos del movimiento real que anula y supera el estado actual de cosas, que en las condiciones de hoy en día es protagonizado por los recientes movimientos antisistémicos junto con experiencias nuevas de gobierno en América Latina.El text aborda una primera aproximació a les alternatives a la crisi actual. L’aproximació metodològica a les alternatives es desenvolupa, no des d’un punt de vista tècnic, sinó directament polític. Per dues raons: i) el punt de partida radica en la “solució” a la crisi que és política; ii) es defensa que aquesta solució no és platònica, idealista o fins i tot utópica, sinó que s’encarna en propostes i programes pràctics del moviment real que anul·la i supera l’estat actual de coses, que en les condicions d’avui en dia és protagonitzat pels recents moviments antisistèmics conjuntament amb experiències noves de govern a Amèrica Llatina.The text takes a first approach to some alternatives to the current crisis. Methodologically the approach of these alternatives is developed not from a technical point of view, but directly from a political one. There are two reasons for this: first of all, is that the "solution" to the crisis is political; second, it is argued that this solution is not Platonic, idealistic, or even utopian, but embodied in proposals and programs of a real and practical movement that breaks through the present state of things. Under the present conditions this role is played by the current anti-systemic movements altogether with new government experiences in Latin America.Peer Reviewe