The Bronze Door Panels within the Façade of San Zeno Maggiore, Verona: A Chronological and Liturgical Assessment.

This thesis presents an analysis of the bronze door panels of San Zeno Maggiore, Verona, with reference to the surrounding low relief stone sculptures, textual material relating to Bishop Zeno, the patron saint of the church, and the wider religious and political developments of the late tenth, eleventh and twelfth centuries. In identifying those panels the thesis recognises the way in which the door panels and stone sculptures form a traditional narrative identifying Creation and the Fall on the right juxtaposed with Redemption and Salvation on the left. The core of the thesis focuses on two facets of the bronze door panels: the dating of the panels’ production, and the composition of the doors prior to the earthquake of 1117. The doors are complex and include in their current state panels manufactured by at least two workshops operating in different periods. These are discussed with reference to the works themselves and to recent historical scholarship. The thesis concludes that the panels were manufactured in two periods: the first period may have been either in the Ottonian era (c.960-c.1040) or later in the eleventh century (c.1080); the second period was the later twelfth century (c.1175). The thesis also discusses the stone relief sculptures, carved in 1135-1138, that provide a framework and context for the doors. The second aspect is the baptismal and Paschal lectionary, which incorporates San Zeno’s preferred readings, as the basis for the choice of subjects of the first set of bronze door panels. The massive earthquake of 1117 severely damaged the basilica and some original panels were damaged and discarded. It has not been possible to demonstrate definitively that the sermons and lectionary were known to those who commissioned the panels, but the thesis seeks to show their importance in describing the panel composition. The door panels and stone reliefs assert a symbolic distancing from both Papacy and Empire after the Investiture Controversy. The two lowest stone reliefs, on the left and right of the doorway, represent accounts of Otto and Berengar fighting over Adelaide, and of Theodoric and the wild hunt, respectively. The significance of these narratives is discussed

China Maritime Report No. 14: Chinese Views of the Military Balance in the Western Pacific

This report examines Chinese views about the military balance of power between China and the United States in the Western Pacific. It argues that while there is no single “Chinese” view on this topic, Chinese analysts tend to agree that 1) the gap between the two militaries has narrowed significantly in recent years, 2) the Chinese military still lags in important ways, and 3) Chinese military inferiority vis-à-vis the U.S. increases the further away it operates from the Mainland. In terms of specific areas of relative strength, the Chinese military has shown the greatest improvements in military hardware, but has farther to go in the area of jointness, training, and other military “software.” Nevertheless, despite continued criticism from senior civilian leaders, training quality has likely improved due to a greater focus on realism, and recent military reforms have, to a degree, improved the prospects for jointness.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-maritime-reports/1013/thumbnail.jp

Developing a capacity test for compulsion in mental health law

Concepts of mental capacity are taking on an increased importance in the mental health law of the United Kingdom. For England and Wales, the proposal to introduce a threshold requirement of ‘impaired decision-making’ into the criteria for detention under sections 2 and 3 of the Mental Health Act 1983 was the first amendment to be voted upon in the House of Lords’ reading of the Mental Health Bill. Despite its emphatic (and whipped) resistance to this amendment, Government lost the vote by a wide margin, although it seems possible, at the time of writing, that the Government will seek to overturn their defeat in the Commons.It is therefore timely to re-examine the role of such capacity tests in mental health legislation dealing with detention and treatment. This paper describes as yet unresolved definitional questions that must be encountered when concepts of mental capacity operate as a threshold for coercive psychiatric detention and/or treatment

The (General) Education of Henri(etta) Adams: Living With “the Word”

Eleanor Elson Heginbotham, Professor of English at Concordia University, St. Paul, has been educated, in the broadest sense, around the world. Born in California, she grew up in Washington, D.C., in the world of a pastor whose ministry extended well beyond the Capitol. Married to a Foreign Service Officer after her undergraduate years at the College of Wooster in Ohio, she lived and taught in Liberia, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Later, she taught for 18 years in the Washington suburbs while she pursued her M.A. (1971) and Ph.D. (1992) at the University of Maryland. She received the Marion Freedman Greenblatt Award (all levels, all disciplines) for her teaching and the Bode Award for her dissertation on Emily Dickinson. At Concordia, since 1994, she has taught literature, journalism, and writing classes. She also has presented over a dozen papers at conferences, written a number of articles for scholarly journals, and organized (in collaboration with colleagues) conferences - on Laura Ingalls Wilder, on Emily Dickinson, and in September 2002, the first International Conference of the F. Scott Fitzgerald Society ever hosted by his native city of St. Paul. During her year as a Senior Fulbright Scholar at the University of Hong Kong (1998-99), she taught a full load of classes in American Studies and spoke in other universities in Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, and Thailand. With another Fulbright Scholar in Hong Kong, she arranged a series of viewings and symposia on classic American Films, treated as texts, cinema graphic art and as history. Home again she completed her book, Reading the Fascicles of Emily Dickinson: Dwelling in Possibilities, published by Ohio State University Press in July 2003. Throughout the past 10 years she has appreciated Concordia\u27s support for her teaching, conferences, publishing and general education in the spirit of its stated mission: to prepare students [and faculty] for thoughtful and informed living, for dedicated service to God and humanity, and for the enlightened care of God\u27s creation, all within the context of the Christian Gospel. She retired in June 2004

Deserting and Believing in Jesus: The Gospel of John and Jewish Identity

This thesis began with a perceived need to expand on the scholarship that has recently been countering the longstanding popular and academic claim that the Gospel of John is anti-Semitic or anti-Jewish. For approximately the last century, evidence has continually demonstrated that this, the Fourth Gospel, is more deeply rooted in some kind of Jewish tradition than scholars earlier believed. What has been missing from this scholarly discussion, however, is convincing historical data. The arguments are largely centered around plausibility and comparative literature from Qumran. In this thesis, I primarily utilize the important and emerging method of literary criticism to show that the text of John’s Gospel demonstrates not an ideology that is anti-Jewish, but rather one that seeks to reformulate what it means to have a Jewish identity. Demonstrating this is the project of my first chapter.In the second of this two chapter work, I will show that the character of John the Baptist is intended as a literary device to show the author’s ideal transition of a person’s Jewish identity, as it is reformulated by faith in Jesus. Because the Christian religion was not yet fully formed, the boundary between Judaism (in its various forms) and the followers of Jesus did not have clear language. This is why the Gospel of John uses the character of John the Baptist to demonstrate how a person of Jewish identity should, in the author’s mind, respond to Jesus.Bachelor of Art

Divided militaries and politics in East Asia

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. [519]-550).(cont.) Domestic politics, then, frequently have a decisive impact on strategic planning and produces policies that the consideration of external threats alone would not suggest.This dissertation proposes that militaries in developing states are usually deeply divided internally on domestic social, economic, and political issues. Contrary to the way the military is often portrayed, there is no single "military mind." Neither, however, are internal military divisions primarily idiosyncratic. Differences in composition and sociology endow different military services and branches with distinct domestic preferences. High-tech military organizations are more likely to support liberal socio-economic positions, while troop-oriented ones often embrace integral nationalism--a statist vision of development aimed at unifying the state by reducing economic and social differences. These propositions are tested against the history of armies and navies in Thailand, China, and Indonesia since 1945, as well as additional evidence from Latin American, European, and other Asian states. The case studies examine coups, counter-coups, military-sponsored "mass" movements, and legislative battles involving uniformed officers. The historical evidence confirms the theory. Military services often take opposite sides in domestic disputes, with naval officers consistently backing more liberal socio-economic positions than their army colleagues, especially those from the infantry branch. The balance of power between contending military actors frequently determines national political trajectories for decades at a stretch. These patterns of divided military involvement in politics carry critical implications for international security. The political leaders who emerge victorious from domestic battles often secure their military flank by giving substantial control over strategy and force planning to uniformed allies.by Eric Heginbotham.Ph.D