Coming Out about Pre-service Teachers: Knowledge and Attitudes of Pre-service Teacher Toward Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual People

The Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC) charges pre-service teacher credential candidates with the expectation of providing equitable access to core curriculum by maximizing academic achievment for all students, including those who are from lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) and other diverse backgrounds. (Commission on Teacher Credentialing, 2014). Based on facts reported by The Trevor Project and the findings of the 2013 National School Climate Survey of the Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN), students who are LGB experience a much higher rate of both bullying and suicide in their developmental years compared to others in their age group. As such, these students are at a disadvantage in the classroom. Without the knowledge, support, and acceptance of their teachers, LGB youth will continue having a hard time succeeding during their K-12 educational careers. How are pre-service teacher credential candidates being prepared to equitably and inclusively educate students who are sexual minorities? The literature reveals the following: bullying and harassment of LGB students are serious problems in the public school setting as reported by the Harris Interactive and the Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN) in 2005, pre-service teachers\u27 understandings of and abilities to create safe spaces for LGB youth is needed if the pre-service teachers are to be allies for LGB youth (Kearns, Mitton-Kukner, & Tompkins, 2014), pre-service teacher development of culturally responsive, equity-focused pedagogy and developing cultural knowledge and sensitivity are critical components in teaching diverse students (Athanases & Martin, 2006), and pre-service teacher education should equip potential educators with knowledge, awareness, and competencies about inequities to work with diverse populations. (Wyatt, Oswalt, White, & Peterson, 2008). The purpose of this study is to survey pre-service teacher credential candidates at a small, private, university in Northern California in order to analyze their attitudes and knowledge of LGB people and make appropriate recommendations as necessary

Studies in nuclear photodisintegration

1 v. : illusThe transformations of nuclei following the absorption of photons would appear to have considerable advantages over the study of particle induced reactions for investigating nuclear structure. The chief features of the electromagnetic interaction are well understood, and the interaction is weak so that radiation may not disturb the nucleus under investigation as much as a particle reaction would. Hence one might hope that the photodisintegration process could be understood before other nuclear reactions. Unfortunately, there are difficulties on both the theoretical and experimental sides which rather offset these advantages,. the processes are expected to depend very sensitively on the details of the charge and current distribution inside the nucleus. This distribution depends not only on the nucleon motions but also, for the case of exchange forces, on the motion of the charged meson cloud. The determination of the nucleon motion is hindered by our present ignorance concerning nuclear forces and by the mathematical intractability of the many-body problem. A theoretical treatment of the exchange currents is even more difficult. (First paragraph of introduction)

Pre-Service Teacher Candidates’ Knowledge and Attitudes of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People

The California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC) mandates teachers to provide equitable access to the core curriculum by maximizing academic achievement for all students, including those who are lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB), (Commission on Teacher Credentialing, 2014). Without the knowledge, support, and acceptance of their teachers, LGB youth will experience multiple challenges during their K-12 educational careers. Scholarly literature reveals that the understanding and abilities of pre-service teachers to create safe spaces for LGB youth needs to be developed if pre-service teachers are eventually to become allies for LGB youth (Kearns, Mitton-Kukner, & Tompkins, 2014). Pre-service teacher education bears the responsibility of equipping potential educators with the knowledge, awareness, and competencies to address the educational inequities of both access and success for diverse populations (Wyatt, Oswalt, White, & Peterson, 2008). The following quantitative study surveyed a sample of the pre-service teacher population in California to examine their knowledge of, and attitudes toward LGB people. The results indicated that the attitudes of pre-service teacher candidates toward LGB people were not significantly different from the general population, showing that pre-service teachers do tend to hold personal biases which may affect their interation with LGB students. Additionally, the results from this study also indicated that the knowledge of pre-service teacher candidates regarding LGB people is limited, and suggest that there may be opportunities for improvement

Report on the relation between malarial fever among Her Majesty's white troops at Port Louis, Mauritius, and the meteorological elements of temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity for the year 1889, with a preliminary sketch of the medical topography of the island and the epidemic of malarial fever in 1866-67

Malaria probably exists at Port Louis during the whole year, but it is especially abundant in the hot, damp, rainy season. Ever since the first outbreak of malarial fever in 1866 this disease has been endemic in Mauritius, and every year it has caused a very large amount of sickness and invaliding among the troops quartered in the command. Since the first outbreak among the troops in 1866, the Army Medical Officers stationed in Mauritius have uniformly recommended the construction of new barracks on the elevated central plateau of the island, and the transfer thereto of the whole garrison, as the only effectual method of preventing the occurrence of malarial fever among the troops. New barracks to accommodate all the white troops have been quite recently constructed at Curepipe Camp, 1,880 feet above sea level. If all the troops are kept there throughout the whole year, and proper care taken of the sanitary arrangements of the barracks, it is most probable that in future years the health of the troops quartered in the Mauritius command will compare favourably with that of the troops in the United Kingdom. In time of war the whole garrison will be transferred to Port Louis for the purpose of manning the forts which defend the harbour 25 and coaling station ; and in time of peace the troops will probably be stationed there annually for a few months in the cool season for drill purposes. In the latter case, the months of July, August, and September would be the best time of the year, when the weather is cool and little malaria prevails.I think that there is little doubt but that the high sick rate from malarial fever in Port Louis is due to the malaria produced in the soil of the town itself and its immediate neighbourhood, and not to malaria carried from any great distance by the wind. I am, therefore, of opinion that the health of the town could be much improved by constructing a complete system of water-sewerage and drainage for the town, combined with subsoil drainage of the town itself and the surrounding country within a mile of the outskirts of the town. In this area all marshy and swampy land should be reclaimed, pools of brackish water should be drained and filled up with earth, undergrowth of rank vegetation should be cleared away and permanently kept under, and selected species of trees planted in suitable localities. Subsoil drainage, by lowering the level of the underground water, and thereby diminishing the relative humidity of the atmosphere, is the improvement most likely to lead to the greatest reduction of malaria. Trees also, by absorbing moisture through their roots, would contribute to the drainage of the soil and the lowering of the level of the underground wate

Thermal Imagery in Plant Phenotyping: Assessing Stomatal Conductance through Energy Balance Modelling

The importance of temperature data in plant phenotyping applications is well known as is the difficulty of correlating temperature to plant behaviours. This work investigates the emission of thermal radiation from plant leaves to validate non-contact temperature measurements as well as modelling approaches to extend the use of temperature data obtained continuously from outdoor field crops. Temperature data and weather data are combined to calculate a stomatal resistance to water loss to satisfy an energy balance. Several approaches to modelling an energy balance and their results are compared and contrasted

Safe Zone: 101 Training Manual

Goals of the DUOC Safe Zone Program: • To increase the overall campus community’s understanding and awareness of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender issues • To provide a greater sense of safety for the gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender student community • To offer information to straight allies in positions where they may be in contact with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people (as classmates, roommates, friends, residents, students, staff, faculty, etc.) • To act as a resource of information regarding homophobia, heterosexism, transphobia and LGBTQ issues on the DUOC campus

Stakeholders: a source of competitive advantage? An analysis of the influence of stakeholders on the strategies of independent, rural, Scottish museums during their organisational life cycle.

Data indicates that Scottish museum attendance is rising annually, yet anecdotal comments appear to contradict this evidence. Explanations for this dichotomy are inevitably complex and varied, but variations in organisational performance have been explained by the Resource-Based View, which argues an organisation's competitive advantage stems from its ability to access and use resources. This perspective is examined through the concept of stakeholder theory. This thesis investigates the influence stakeholders have on independent, rural Scottish museums during the organisational life cycle, and whether this is a source of competitive advantage. The research involved an exploratory survey to scope the characteristics and environment in which Scotland's museums were operating, but also a typology for further research. The outcome was to adopt a phenomenological approach to investigate fourteen independent, rural, museums strategies during the organisational life cycle, drawing on stakeholder models proposed by Mitchell, Agle & Wood (1997) and Jawahar & McLaughlin (2001). This process involved interviewing 141 stakeholders to discuss their experiences in shaping these museums' strategies. Using narrative analysis, it emerged that these museums' strategies were influenced by different stakeholders during the organisational life cycle and this is reflected in a model developed from these findings. Growth museums were characterised by either an entrepreneurial leader or a board of trustees working in collaboration with key paid staff to access resources, particularly funding. By contrast, mature stage museums were dominated by a definitive stakeholder centred on a group of trustees who also occupied other stakeholder groups, notably volunteers and the community. This definitive stakeholder provided these museums with many of their resources, which proved to be an organisational strength, but also a weakness. The museum in decline and which ceased trading during this study, closed as a result of losing the definitive stakeholder's confidence and withdrawing funding. It was evident that stakeholders did influence museum strategy, but the definitive stakeholder explained a museum's competitive advantagesub_behunpub99_ethesesunpu

Geophysical Studies in the Southwest Pacific : Primarily Studies of Crustal Structure between New Zealand and Antarctica

Geophysical data - primarily magnetic field measurements, bathymetry, and seismicity data - are presented for the area between New Zealand and Antarctica from approximately 145[degrees]W to 155[degrees]E. The data are used to determine the structure of the Pacific-Antarctic boundary, the oceanic part of the Pacific plate and the area of intersection of the Indian, Pacific and Antarctic plates. In the southwest Pacific basin the magnetic anomalies are very clear and an extensive pattern of anomaly lineations with some offsets is mapped. The magnetic anomalies show that the uniform Pacific basin area formed between about 83 and 63 mybp. The Pacific-Antarctic boundary is shown to differ either side of about 175[degrees]W. To the east it is a relatively uniform aseismic spreading ridge, offset by some transform faults. West of 175[degrees]W, to 161[degrees]E, the boundary consists of a seismically active zone of disturbed bathymetry and magnetic anomalies striking about N.70[degrees]W. The zone, the Pacific-Antarctic fracture zone, probably consists of several fractures striking about N45[degrees]W. The area between the Pacific-Antarctic boundary and the southwest Pacific basin represents the interval 10 to -55 mybp, and only in the east are anomaly lineations clear. The Indian-Antarctic Pacific triple junction is near 61.5[degrees]S, 161[degrees]E and is a stable ridge-fault-fault junction; the Indian-Antarctic boundary being the ridge. Plate tectonics is applied to the area and the structure is shown to fit, and be explained by a different rotation pole for each of the major intervals indicated by the structure, i.e. 0-10 mybp, 10-63 mybp and 63-80 mybp. The poles, with rotation rates deduced from the magnetic anomalies, are used to reconstruct the position of New Zealand relative to Antarctica at 80 mybp. The two continents probably started to separate at close to 83 mybp. The times of the major changes of structure and plate movement in the area are shown to coincide with major plate movement changes in the southwest Pacific area and in the rest of the world. A new method for determining poles of rotation, based only on epicentre locations is presented, The method is applied to independently determine the Indian-Pacific, Pacific-Antarctic and Indian-Antarctic poles. The poles should form a consistent. set and they do. The method yields effectively instantaneous poles, is quantitative, and is applicable to most plate boundaries. Earthquake magnitude-frequency relationship b values for the plate boundaries in the area are determined. Comparisons with results from elsewhere indicate an association of high b with high temperature and conversely. Several factors which have previously been suggested as determining b value are shown to not be determinants. A revised and extended magnetic reversal time scale based on model studies of the southwest Pacific basin anomalies is presented. Other model studies indicate that a magnetized layer thickness of at least 2 km is probable. Variations of anomaly amplitudes are studied. A detailed study of the application of numerical correlation techniques to magnetic anomalies is presented. It is concluded that horizontal scale variations and discontinuities in profiles can be critical. Methods for over-coming some of the problems, and for determining quantitative error estimates, are. given. The methods, and conclusions, are applicable to any correlation problem