217 research outputs found
The genus <i>Acanthochitona</i> (Mollusca: Polylacophora) in the Mediterranean Sea: morphological and molecular data
En el presente trabajo se pretende resolver la confusa taxonomÃa de las especies mediterráneas de los quitones del género Acanthochitona a través de su estudio morfológico (observaciones al SEM de aestetes, rádula y cintura) y molecular (COI, 12S, ITS1). En ambos casos se confirma la validez de las tres especies Acanthochitona fascicularis, A. crinita y A. oblonga, las dos últimas consideradas previamente como sinónimas
Connaissance de son corps par la rencontre avec l'animal chez le jeune élève
Nous discutons les potentialités que représentent les rencontres de l’enfant
avec l’animal dans la découverte de son propre corps et des caractéristiques
anatomiques du corps humain en général, dans l’approche des fonctions
de nutrition, de reproduction et de relation, et aussi pour appréhender
son individualisation et sa finitude. Quelle place est accordée à ces rencontres
dans les curriculums tant prescrits, que potentiels ou réels en CM2 ?
Qu’en résulte-t-il sur les réponses d’élèves à propos des grandes fonctions
physiologiques ? Dans le cadre d’une thèse en cours, nous avons suivi les
pratiques scolaires effectives d’enseignement sur le corps humain de quatre
classes de CM2 et des entretiens semi directifs ont été menés auprès de
vingt-cinq élèves. Dans cette étude, nous constatons que les rencontres avec
l’animal lors des activités scolaires observées ont été restreintes et nous
avançons des hypothèses sur les difficultés éventuelles rencontrées. Nous
analysons des extraits de discours relatifs à la digestion, à la respiration et
à la reproduction, d’élèves face à des animaux
Exciton Dissociation in a Model Organic Interface: Excitonic State-Based Surface Hopping versus Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree
Quantum dynamical simulations are essential for a molecular-level understanding of light-induced processes in optoelectronic materials, but they tend to be computationally demanding. We introduce an efficient mixed quantum-classical nonadiabatic molecular dynamics method termed eXcitonic state-based Surface Hopping (X-SH), which propagates the electronic Schrödinger equation in the space of local excitonic and charge-transfer electronic states, coupled to the thermal motion of the nuclear degrees of freedom. The method is applied to exciton decay in a 1D model of a fullerene-oligothiophene junction, and the results are compared to the ones from a fully quantum dynamical treatment at the level of the Multilayer Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) approach. Both methods predict that charge-separated states are formed on the 10-100 fs time scale via multiple "hot-exciton dissociation" pathways. The results demonstrate that X-SH is a promising tool advancing the simulation of photoexcited processes from the molecular to the true nanomaterials scale
Soft tissue regeneration using leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin after exeresis of hyperplastic gingival lesions: Two case reports
Introduction
The Leukocyte-PRF (Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin) belongs to a second generation of platelet concentrates which doesn’t need a biochemical blood manipulation. It is used for tissue healing and regeneration in periodontal and oral-maxillofacial surgery. We report two cases of hyperplastic gingival lesions treated by exeresis and application of PRF membranes in order to improve and accelerate tissue healing.
Case Presentation
Two patients (one Caucasian female, 78-year-old, and one Caucasian male, 30-year-old) were treated for hyperplastic gingival lesions. They underwent to exeresis of lesions and application of PRF membranes. Tissue healing was clinically evaluated after one, three, seven, fourteen and thirty post-operative days. No recurrences were observed after two years of semiannual follow up.
Conclusion
We obtained rapid and good healing of soft tissues probably due to the elevated content of leukocytes, platelets and growth factors in the leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin. According to our results we suggest L-PRF employment for wounds covering after exeresis of oral neoformations such as hyperplastic gingival lesions
Multiple coherent states semiclassical initial value representation spectra calculations of lateral interactions for CO on Cu(100)
Lateral interactions between carbon monoxide molecules adsorbed on a copper Cu(100) surface are investigated via semiclassical initial value representation (SC-IVR) molecular dynamics. A previous analytical potential is extended to include long-range dipole interactions between coadsorbed molecules and preliminary classical simulations were performed to tune the potential parameters. Then, the spectra for several coadsorbed molecules are calculated using the multiple coherent states approximation of the time-averaging representation of the SC-IVR propagator. Results show strong resonances between coadsorbed molecules as observed by past experiments. Resonances turn into dephasing when isotopical substitutions are performed
The political ecology of participatory conservation: institutions and discourse
Increasingly, natural resource conservation programs refer to participation and local community involvement as one of the necessary prerequisites for sustainable resource management. In frameworks of adaptive comanagement, the theory of participatory conservation plays a central role in the democratization of decisionmaking authority and equitable distribution of benefits and burdens. We observe, however, that the institutions of state, society, and economy shape the implementation and application of participation in significant ways across contexts. This paper examines the political ecology of participation by comparing and contrasting discourse and practice in four developed and developing contexts. The cases drawn from Central Asia, Africa, and North America illustrate that institutional dynamics and discourse shape outcomes. While these results are not necessarily surprising, they raise questions about the linkages between participatory conservation theory, policy and programmatic efforts of implementation to achieve tangible local livelihood and conservation outcomes. Participation must be understood in the broader political economy of conservation in which local projects unfold, and we suggest that theories of participatory governance need to be less generalized and more situated within contours of place-based institutional and environmental histories. Through this analysis we illustrate the dialectical process of conservation in that the very institutions that participation is intended to build create resistance, as state control once did. Conservation theory and theories of participatory governance must consider these dynamics if we are to move conservation forward in a way that authentically incorporates local level livelihood concerns.
Keywords: participatory governance, political ecology, community-based conservation, environmental governance, discours
Dynamic Local Structure in Caesium Lead Iodide: Spatial Correlation and Transient Domains
Metal halide perovskites are multifunctional semiconductors with tunable
structures and properties. They are highly dynamic crystals with complex
octahedral tilting patterns and strongly anharmonic atomic behaviour. In the
higher temperature, higher symmetry phases of these materials, several complex
structural features have been observed. The local structure can differ greatly
from the average structure and there is evidence that dynamic two-dimensional
structures of correlated octahedral motion form. An understanding of the
underlying complex atomistic dynamics is, however, still lacking. In this work,
the local structure of the inorganic perovskite CsPbI is investigated using
a new machine learning force field based on the atomic cluster expansion
framework. Through analysis of the temporal and spatial correlation observed
during large-scale simulations, we reveal that the low frequency motion of
octahedral tilts implies a double-well effective potential landscape, even well
into the cubic phase. Moreover, dynamic local regions of lower symmetry are
present within both higher symmetry phases. These regions are planar and we
report the length and timescales of the motion. Finally, we investigate and
visualise the spatial arrangement of these features and their interactions,
providing a comprehensive picture of local structure in the higher symmetry
phases
Transnational agricultural land acquisitions threaten biodiversity in the Global South
Agricultural large-scale land acquisitions have been linked with enhanced deforestation and land use change. Yet the extent to which transnational agricultural large-scale land acquisitions (TALSLAs) contribute to—or merely correlate with—deforestation, and the expected biodiversity impacts of the intended land use changes across ecosystems, remains unclear. We examine 178 georeferenced TALSLA locations in 40 countries to address this gap. While forest cover within TALSLAs decreased by 17% between 2000 and 2018 and became more fragmented, the spatio-temporal patterns of deforestation varied substantially across regions. While deforestation rates within initially forested TALSLAs were 1.5 (Asia) to 2 times (Africa) higher than immediately surrounding areas, we detected no such difference in Europe and Latin America. Our findings suggest that, whereas TALSLAs may have accelerated forest loss in Asia, a different mechanism might emerge in Africa where TALSLAs target areas already experiencing elevated deforestation. Regarding biodiversity (here focused on vertebrate species), we find that nearly all (91%) studied deals will likely experience substantial losses in relative species richness (−14.1% on average within each deal)—with mixed outcomes for relative abundance—due to the intended land use transitions. We also find that 39% of TALSLAs fall at least partially within biodiversity hotspots, placing these areas at heightened risk of biodiversity loss. Taken together, these findings suggest distinct regional differences in the nature of the association between TALSLAs and forest loss and provide new evidence of TALSLAs as an emerging threat to biodiversity in the Globa
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