Input-Output Tables for Alaska's Economy: A First Look

The specific objectives of this publication are to: ( 1) present a first look in specific detail at the input-output tables of the Alaskan economy, thereby examining Alaskan interindustry interactions and dependencies; and (2) indicate, via relevant examples, how the information contained in these typical input-out tables can be used by private and public policymakers.Geographic isolation, a subarctic climate, large size, and a regionally diverse landscape make Alaska a unique part of the United States. The factors that make Alaska so unique also contribute to her present lack of industrial and agricultural production, which requires shipment into the state of most of the goods necessary for life. In filling the need for such goods, the state of Washington has been, and continues to be, the principal marketing and transportation center for Alaska-associated trade

DOES GENDER, CLASS STANDING, AND HIGH SCHOOL ECONOMICS INFLUENCE STUDENTS' ECONOMIC LEARNING

This paper investigates how gender, maturity of the student, and previous economics study in high school contribute to economic learning. Economic learning is measured using the difference between pre- and post-test scores. OLS results suggest that high school economics plays a larger role in economic learning than either gender or maturity.Labor and Human Capital, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Alien Registration- Casavant, Philias (Biddeford, York County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/1975/thumbnail.jp

Risks for HIV Infection Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Mozambique

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) living in Sub-Saharan African countries constitute 17% of the population, yet they account for one third of all new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. To prevent HIV infections among AGYW, it is necessary to understand why they are disproportionally infected. The purpose of the dissertation was to identify risk for HIV among AGYW living in a southern district of Mozambique. The analysis was driven by the Modified Socio Ecological Model and performed using a quantitative dataset collected for the Chokwe Combination Prevention of HIV (N=3354). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess whether an association existed between selected characteristics of AGYW (e.g., HIV prevention behaviors, attitudes, experience of gender-based violence), characteristics of their male sexual partners and the HIV status of the AGYW. The result of the analysis showed that being in school, always using condoms, never having experienced sexually transmitted infection, having an HIV-negative partner, having a faithful partner, and having a student as a partner were associated with lower odds of being HIV-positive. Age difference with the sexual partner, experience of gender-based violence, being pregnant in the last year, HIV knowledge, and HIV beliefs were not associated with being HIV-positive. The implications for positive social change from this research include providing policy makers and stakeholders with specific information on vulnerabilities and protectors to HIV of AGYW living in Mozambique and AGYW living in similar contexts. Addressing the specific risks of AGYW to HIV could help prevent new HIV infection among AGYW and could help improve the lives of AGYW and of their families

Transportation Optimization Modeling for Washington State Hay Shipments: Mode and Cost Implications Due to Loss of Container Services at the Port of Portland

A recent issue impacting hay shipments in Washington State involves the reduction of container services at the Port of Portland, Oregon. Prior to this change, containers filled with hay were shipped almost exclusively via barge on the Columbia River to the Port of Portland. After reaching Portland, the containers were then loaded onto one of three steamship lines: Hyundai, K-Line, or Hanjin and destined to markets in Japan and China. As of September 2004, Hanjin is the only carrier that calls on the Port of Portland. This research effort collected firm level data on the production, transportation and marketing of hay in Washington and utilizes this information to develop an optimization model of regional hay movements. One alternative evaluated in this study is determining industry shifts in transportation usage and modal choice in reaction to the transportation changes after September 2004. The results indicate that after all barge and hay shipments were eliminated into Portland, total transportation costs decrease initially overall, while some producers experience shipping cost increase. Both rail and truck volumes increase substantially in the absence of container shipments on barge. The total industry impact is a $6.3 million increase in transportation costs from the Base Scenario to Scenario 3. Also, once trucks rates are allowed to increase due to the shortage of trucks and the increased demand for truck services, the total transportation cost increased by$8.7 million.International Relations/Trade,

Characteristics and Costs of Operation of North Dakota's Farm Trucks

Farm Management,

Recovering hidden Bloch character: Unfolding Electrons, Phonons, and Slabs

For a quantum state, or classical harmonic normal mode, of a system of spatial periodicity "R", Bloch character is encoded in a wavevector "K". One can ask whether this state has partial Bloch character "k" corresponding to a finer scale of periodicity "r". Answering this is called "unfolding." A theorem is proven that yields a mathematically clear prescription for unfolding, by examining translational properties of the state, requiring no "reference states" or basis functions with the finer periodicity (r,k). A question then arises, how should one assign partial Bloch character to a state of a finite system? A slab, finite in one direction, is used as the example. Perpendicular components k_z of the wavevector are not explicitly defined, but may be hidden in the state (and eigenvector |i>.) A prescription for extracting k_z is offered and tested. An idealized silicon (111) surface is used as the example. Slab-unfolding reveals surface-localized states and resonances which were not evident from dispersion curves alone.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure

Reliance structures of neophyte principals in rural contexts

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development and establishment of reliance structures among rural neophyte administrators in southern Saskatchewan during their first year as principal. The primary research question was, "What are the perspectives and reflections of rural based second year principals concerning the development and establishment of their own reliance structures during their neophyte year? Specifically the study focused on the contexts of the schools, the reliance structure, the formal and informal socialization processes, and the self-efficacy of neophyte principals. The significance of this study was based upon the lack of coherence between the theory and practice for the preparation of new educational administrators (McKague, 2001; Ferrandino, 2000; Griffith, 1999; Lawson, 1999; Renihan, 1999; Davis, 1998; Restine, 1997). This study addressed a deficiency in the research by exploring the reliance structures of neophyte principals through a multi-method approach. First, a questionnaire was utilized to gain a general perception from the participants on their own reliance structure. Second, in-depth interviews provided more detail on the perspectives and experiences of first year principals with their own reliance structure. The sample included 26 rural-based second year principals, who had no prior administrative experience. Twenty-five of the 26 neophyte principals returned the Reliance Structure for Neophyte Principals (RSNP) survey forms, for a return rate of 96.2 percent. As well, all 26 neophyte principals were asked to participate in an interview that further investigated their perceptions of how they established their supports in a reliance structure. Of the 26 neophyte principals, 24 participated in the interviews for a response rate of 92.3 per cent. A number of contextual factors were seen to influence neophyte principals' development of the reliance structure. These included: the location of the school, the size of the school, the size of the school system, educational background, and the prior experiences of the principal as an educator. Upon further analysis, the data suggested that location of the school, size of the school, educational background, and prior experiences as an educator were perceived as the most critical variables in the development of the reliance structure. In regard to periodization (the time periods between August to December and January to June), supervision of instruction emerged as the most important professional development need for the beginning principals during the first year. During the first term. (August to December), principals perceived that having access to formalized mentoring programs and knowledge of important dates would have better prepared and/or supported them. Another important finding was that respondents felt that budgets, timetabling, and graduation were areas which presented unexpected events and/or surprises during the second term (January to June). Overwhelmingly, the perception of the principals in this study was that there was a need to establish a formal reliance structure for beginning principals. Principals identified mentoring programs, professional development opportunities, longer induction and orientation opportunities, knowledge of the culture, and increased administration time as critical functions in a reliance structure. The most critical relationships were with (in order of frequency of mention) school staff, the director and central office staff, and other in-school administrators. Visiting the school meeting staff, and getting to know the community, were viewed as critical processes in the reliance structure. Beginning principals indicated that the informal socialization processes (casual relationships with others) were more effective than the formal socialization processes. The director and the assistant director were identified as the most frequently involved in orienting neophyte principals to their jobs. However, it was other in-school administrators who were the most valuable in orienting and providing support during the first year. Several implications were derived from the findings of this study. Important among these is the need for consideration of a number of functions, relationships, and processes in the reliance structure. In order for this to happen, socialization processes need to be formalized. Formalizing the socialization process warrants the time, energy, and participation of other in-school principals and central office personnel who play an integral role in developing and establishing the reliance structure. The establishment of the reliance structure for neophyte principals will be crucial to the future development of aspiring administrators. Such an initiative could improve the opportunities for success for beginning principals, particularly those in rural contexts