The Role of Facebook in Activating Local Tourism: An Analytical Study

The development of the world today in information and communication technologies has affected all aspects of the economic life of the countries, especially with the emergence of the Internet and the new media through social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and others. With the emergence of social networks on the Internet, the marketing of services, especially tourism services, depends on the human factor itself through the exchange and exchange of information about tourist areas, traditional products, hotels and others. The new era has begun to depend on the consumers themselves and their contribution to the promotion of services and places. With the rapid development of social networks, especially Facebook, the importance of harnessing these sites to serve the tourism industry in the countries of the world in general and Algeria in particular, where the industry depends largely on the views of consumers and the spread of information among them, which opened a wide door to identify the places of tourism and hotels and offer services from By visiting people and benefiting from their services, which positively affects other users who may one day be tourists in the same areas. Therefore, this study is an attempt to highlight the role of social networks and their contribution to the activation of tourism in general and local tourism in particular, taking the Facebook network model, through the analysis of the Facebook page beaches of Annaba, and answer the following fundamental question: to what extent does Facebook contribute to the activation of local tourism in Algeria

Fonctions des “ruines écrites”

El artículo pretende mostrar la permanencia del tema de las ruinas en la literatura francesa y la variedad de las funciones que tiene en la época contemporánea. Primero, Proust, las ruinas sirven para manifestar la presencia del pasado en el presente y para indicar la perspectiva temporal que debe permitir la lectura de los signos de la duración. Los vestigios del pasado son para los poetas, desde du Bellay a Nerval o Hugo, un testimonio de la victoria de la vida sobre la muerte. En cambio, los moralistas, Diderot o Camus, y los escritores viajeros, Chateaubriand o Montherlant, ven en las piedras mutiladas, la vanidad de la acción y una imagen de la trágica suerte humana. Los novelistas, Balzac, Butor y Gracq, se hicieron dueños también de la poética de las ruinas y la pusieron al servicio de la ficción con el fin de anunciar el destino de un personaje, recurriendo al proceso “mise en abîme” (puesta en abismo). En la época colonial, los vestigios del pasado tuvieron miras políticas, disfrazando la verdad histórica. Al contrario, Salammbô de Flaubert puede leerse como un rechazo de la hegemonía romana. Hoy, Alain Nadaud, en Auguste fulminant, protesta contra la ocultación del Cartago púnico impuesta por Roma. Mediante las ciudades en ruinas que invaden sus novelas, Antoine Volodine profetiza el Apocalipsis y el porvenir que nos amenaza

A systems view of youth business start-ups in the Arab countries: influences and barriers.

Purpose: After the Arab spring, much attention has been devoted recently to diffuse the boiling situation across the Arab world. A number of policies have been introduced by governments. Amongst of them, it is to encourage youth job creation and entrepreneurship activities. Thus, a number of youth found themselves pushed toward starting up their own business in a very rigid and complex environment. This has not happened without problems. Therefore, this paper attempts to presents a conceptual model of youth business start-ups. It conceptualises youth attitudes towards entrepreneurial activities, the influential factors, barriers and business start-up process. Design/Methodology: Both a systematic review of key literature and a systems approach have been used in this study. From a systems approach, this study examines the entrepreneurship decision process through the interrelationships amongst its environment, its relationship structure and process and, its outcomes Findings: This study shows that youth are influenced by different factors. This study reiterates that a relationship exists between youth motives and drivers towards entrepreneurship. Other factors are the awakening of youth and determination to challenge governments for job creation and employment. Contribution: The study has the following contributions: (1) provides an understanding of youth attitudes and difficulties towards entrepreneurship activities, (2) Developing an exploratory and integrated model of new business start-ups and, (3) A proposed model acting as A Systemic Framework Guide of Decision Process for both academic/researchers and policy-makers in the Arab and developing countries