Political Ecology: An Analysis of Peruvian Government Discourses in Support of Road Projects

In this paper, I will explore the ways in which the Peruvian government supports road projects through various well-developed arguments. I will look at how authorities present and/or support road projects in different temporal and spatial scales. I will try to answer the following questions: 1) How has the Peruvian government’s arguments for improved connectivity changed over time? 2) What are the implications of such changes? Answering these questions will help explain the government’s role and biases regarding economic development in Peru. Furthermore, answers to these questions can help us understand past positions and predict what the government’s position may be in the future. Government discourses regarding road projects are, of course, not limited only to Peru. Other countries in the world with developing regions must face similar decisions. One can apply the Peruvian case to other scenarios across the globe. Paper prepared for the Environmental Studies Senior Seminar. Faculty Advisor: Dr. David Salisbury

Attack on the EHA: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act After Board of \u3cem\u3eEducation v. Rowley\u3c/em\u3e

The Rowley Court had the opportunity to reverse state erosions of the EHA. Unfortunately, the Court ratified and encouraged such attacks. The Court\u27s educational benefit standard demands as little as Washington\u27s suitable education standard. The Rowley Court suggested a way to sidestep the IEP process which is similar to Washington\u27s avoidance method. Finally, the Court eliminated judicial review of state administrative decisions regarding educational standards and the educational programs of handicapped children. The Rowley Court justified this elimination by claiming that parental ardor and participation in the IEP process were sufficient remaining safeguards for handicapped children. However, effective exclusion of many appeals at the local hearing level, because of administrative presumptiosn marshalled against parents, render those safeguards meaningless. This Comment asserts that state attacks on the EHA, combined with the Rowley Court\u27s adoption of a minimal educational benefit standard and elimination of judicial review, have eviscerated the EHA which can only be resurrected by Congressional intervention

Attack on the EHA: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act After Board of \u3cem\u3eEducation v. Rowley\u3c/em\u3e

The Rowley Court had the opportunity to reverse state erosions of the EHA. Unfortunately, the Court ratified and encouraged such attacks. The Court\u27s educational benefit standard demands as little as Washington\u27s suitable education standard. The Rowley Court suggested a way to sidestep the IEP process which is similar to Washington\u27s avoidance method. Finally, the Court eliminated judicial review of state administrative decisions regarding educational standards and the educational programs of handicapped children. The Rowley Court justified this elimination by claiming that parental ardor and participation in the IEP process were sufficient remaining safeguards for handicapped children. However, effective exclusion of many appeals at the local hearing level, because of administrative presumptiosn marshalled against parents, render those safeguards meaningless. This Comment asserts that state attacks on the EHA, combined with the Rowley Court\u27s adoption of a minimal educational benefit standard and elimination of judicial review, have eviscerated the EHA which can only be resurrected by Congressional intervention

Neo-conservatism and foreign policy

Since the 1960s, neo-conservatives advanced their agenda through journals, think tanks, coalitions, and by serving as high-level government officials. While scholars have noted this influence, there\u27s little written on how neo-conservative ideas have evolved and influenced foreign policy under these changing historical circumstances. Moreover, very little scholarship foils neo-conservatism against the two dominant approaches to foreign policy in the 20th century---realism and liberalism---to discover how they are held together as a group. This thesis finds that neo-conservatism is a political ideology of American foreign policy that has developed several common tendencies over the last forty years. These include an ardent belief in the use of unilateral American military power, distain for multilateral institutions such as the United Nations, Wilsonian ideas of spreading democracy, steadfast support for Israel, and overstated threat assessments

Comparison of Strength Testing of the Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle Using the Kendall and Mccreary Method vs. the Daniels and Worthingham Method

Manual muscle testing is an integral part of the physical therapy evaluation. There are two methods of testing muscle strength, these being the Kendall and McCreary (KM) method and the Daniels and Worthingham (DW) method. The purpose of this study was to compare the force produced in each of these methods when testing the tensor fasciae latae muscle. Thirty healthy subjects ranging in age from 23 to 40 years participated in this study. The Dynatron II Dynamometer was used to measure force in pounds for each method. Each subject performed one trial and one test for each method for a total of four tests. Results showed that the intrarater reliability of the KM method was good at r = .878 while reliability for the DW method was substantially less at r = .136. Consequently, comparisons of KM trial vs. DW trial were also low at r = .225 as was KM test vs. DW test at r = .460. Results also showed that the force produced for the KM method was significantly less than the DW method for both trial and test. In summary, this study showed a significant difference in force produced between the KM and DW method and also showed a considerably higher intrarater reliability for the KM method versus the DW method. Reasons for these differences are discussed

Critical slowing down in dynamical systems driven by nonstationary correlated noise

Precursor signals for bifurcation-induced critical transitions have recently gained interest across many research fields. Common indicators, including variance and autocorrelation increases, rely on the dynamical system being driven by white noise. Here, we show that these metrics raise false alarms for systems driven by time-correlated noise, if the autocorrelation of the noise process increases with time. We introduce an indicator for systems driven by nonstationary short-term memory noise, and show that this indicator performs well in situations where the classical methods fail

\u27Face to Face\u27 & \u27Man With Red Umbrella\u27

Face to Face Prosopagnosia is a neurological condition characterized by the inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, ranging from family members to your own reflection. Millions of people across the world including popular portrait artist Chuck Close live with this disorder. Through a mix of photography and drawing, I strive to capture the feeling of living in a world of strangers. “A face is a road map of someone’s life. Without any need to amplify that or draw attention to it, there’s a great deal that’s communicated about who this person is and what their life experiences have been.” - Chuck Close Man With Red Umbrella This is what I love. The chance images where everything just happens to fall into place at the right time

The RASputin effect

By 1916, Rasputin had become an important figure of the corruption of the Romanov court and its treacherous, unpatriotic behavior. For many people on the fringes of the court, Rasputin's corruption was taken as the cause of all of Russia's problems itself. There was the belief that if one could get rid of Rasputin the revolution may not happen. . . . . In a sense, Rasputin's assassination in December 1916, should be seen as just one of a number of palace coup plots

Total Hip Replacement in Developmental Dysplasia

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for osteoarthritis secondary to development dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is facing increasing levels of complexity with increasing grade of deformity. The dysplastic acetabulum is characterized by diminished bone stock with decreased lateral coverage. Therefore, it is challenging to restore the anatomic center of rotation and ensure adequate acetabular component fixation. Surgical strategies include a medialization of the acetabular component, a higher hip center, lateral structural bone grafting and the selection of smaller component sizes to improve native bone coverage. Excessive femoral anteversion is commonly encountered in patients with developmental dysplasia. Moreover, the intramedullary canal is narrow and the neck often aligned in valgus. Modular implants are helpful to address the altered femoral anatomy and also facilitate femoral shortening osteotomies in patients with high hip dislocation. Although clinical results are comparable to primary total hip replacement in primary osteoarthritis, the risk for revision surgery due to dislocation and loosening is increased. The current chapter reviews classification, preoperative planning, and surgical strategies for patients undergoing THA for osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia