The possibility of a sizable, direct CP-violating asymmetry in B^-+ -> K^-+ eta

The likelihood of a sizable, direct CP-violating asymmetry in the decays $B^\mp\to K^\mp\eta$, is calculated within the framework of the model which originally predicted a sizeable asymmetry in $\pi^\mp\eta(\eta')$. It is shown in a transparent manner that these decays are the best places for providing the first clear evidence for direct CP violation in the decays of a charged particle. These decays contain two amplitudes of comparable magnitude, with different weak-interaction phase, and with different strong-interaction phase which is explicitly calculated in a model of three coupled channels of physical hadrons.Comment: 7 pages, no figure

Related Power-law Growth of Particle Multiplicities near Midrapidity in Central Au+Au Collisions and in \ol{p}(p)-p Collisions

A simple power-law growth of charged-particle multiplicities near midrapidity in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=56$ and 130 GeV, recently measured at RHIC, is derived. We give predictions for the central particle densities up to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=1800$ GeV. A strong growth of the Au+Au densities above those for \ol{p}(p)-p collisions is predicted.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure Notes adde

Effect of possible stronger neutrino interaction at Eνμ∼1011E_{\nu_\mu}\sim 10^{11} GeV upon the extraction of sin⁡2θW\sin^2 \theta_W from the neutral-current cross section at NuTeV

The possibility exists that cosmic-ray neutrinos with energies of $\sim 10^{20}$ eV interact in the atmosphere with a cross section at the millibarn level, giving rise to some of the highest-energy air showers. In a specific dynamical model which can give rise to such a cross section, we show that there can be a small effect upon the extraction of the effective value of $\sin^2 \theta_W$ from $\nu_\mu$-hadron, neutral-current cross section data at NuTeV.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. Some notes and references adde

Dark-matter particles and baryons from inflation and spontaneous CP violation in the early universe

We present aspects of a model which attempts to unify the creation of cold dark matter, a CP-violating baryon asymmetry, and also a small, residual vacuum energy density, in the early universe. The model contains a primary scalar (inflaton) field and a primary pseudoscalar field, which are initially related by a cosmological, chiral symmetry. The nonzero vacuum expectation value of the pseudoscalar field spontaneously breaks CP invariance.Comment: 7 pages, appendix adde

A Transient New Coherent Condition of Matter: The Signal for New Physics in Hadronic Diffractive Scattering

We demonstrate the existence of an anomalous structure in the data on the diffractive elastic scattering of hadrons at high energies and small momentum transfer. We analyze five sets of experimental data on $p(\overline{p})-p$ scattering from five different experiments with colliding beams, ranging from the first-- and second--generation experiments at $\sqrt{s} = 53$ GeV to the most recent experiments at 546 GeV and at 1800 GeV. All of the data sets exhibit a localized anomalous structure in momentum transfer. We represent the anomalous behavior by a phenomenological formula. This is based upon the idea that a transient coherent condition of matter occurs in some of the intermediate inelastic states which give rise, via unitarity, to diffractive elastic scattering. The Fourier--Bessel transform into momentum--transfer space of a spatial oscillatory behavior of matter in the impact--parameter plane results in a small piece of the diffractive amplitude which exhibits a localized anomalous behavior near a definite value of $-t$. In addition, we emphasize possible signals coming directly from such a new condition of matter that may be present in current experiments on inelastic processes.Comment: 25 pages, LaTeX (12 figures, not included). A complete postscript file (except figures 1 and 11, which are available upon request) is available via anonymous ftp at ttpux2.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de (129.13.102.139) as /ttp94-03 /ttp94-03.ps, Local preprint# TTP94-03 (March 1994

Effects of a dynamical role for exchanged quarks and nuclear gluons in nuclei: multinucleon correlations in deep-inelastic lepton scattering

It is shown that new data from the HERMES collaboration, as well as all of the earlier improved data from experiments concerning the EMC effect and shadowing in deep-inelastic scattering of leptons from nuclei, provide strong evidence for an explicit dynamical role played by exchanged quarks and nuclear gluons in the basic, tightly-bound systems of three and four nucleons, He3 and He4. This opens the way for specific quark-gluon dynamics instigating multinucleon correlations in nuclei.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures. Minor changes. New forma

A new implication for strong interactions if large, direct CP violation in Bbar^0(B^0) -> pi^+pi^- is confirmed

We show that the large, direct CP-violation parameter $A_{\pi\pi}=-C_{\pi\pi}$, reported by the BELLE collaboration in the decays Bbar^0(B^0) -> \pi^+\pi^-, implies an unusual situation in which the presence of a very large difference between two strong-interaction phases ~ -110 deg. plays an essential role. We make the demonstration within a model of strong, two-body quasi-elastic interactions between physical hadrons. The model can accommodate a large difference between two strong-interaction phases, for which it provides a natural enhancement.Comment: 6 pages, no figure

Long-range interactions between dark-matter particles in a model with a cosmological, spontaneously-broken chiral symmetry

In a cosmological model with a chiral symmetry, there are two, dynamically-related spin-zero fields, a scalar $\phi$ and a pseudoscalar $b$. These fields have self-interactions. Spontaneous symmetry breaking results in a very massive scalar particle with m_\phi\cong 5 \times 10^{11}\GeV, and a nearly massless, (Goldstone-like) pseudoscalar particle with 0< m_b <~ 2.7\times 10^{-6}\eV. One or both particles can be part of dark matter. There are coherent long-range interactions (at range \sim 1/m_b \simgt 10\cm), from exchange of a $b$ particle between a pair of $b$ particles, a pair of $\phi$ particles, and between a $\phi$ and a $b$. We compare the strength of potentials for the different pairs to the corresponding gravitational potentials (within the same range $\sim 1/m_b$), and show that the new force dominates between a b pair, that gravitation dominates between a $\phi$ pair, and that the potentials are comparable for a $\phi$-$b$ pair. The new interaction strength between a $b$ pair is comparable to the gravitational interaction between a $\phi$ pair; its possibly greater coherent effect originates in the possibility that the number density of a very light $b$ can be greater than that of a massive $\phi$. We consider these results in the context of recent speculations concerning possible effects of special forces between dark-matter particles on certain galactic, and inter-galactic, properties.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure. Appendix adde