Volxküchen als Reaktion auf ökologische und soziale Missstände: Alternative Ernährungspraktiken im urbanen Raum

Eine Volxküche (VoKü) ist eine aus den linkspolitischen Kreisen stammende Ernährungspraxis, deren Umsetzung auf kollektiver Selbstorganisation beruht. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den sozialen und ökologischen Faktoren, die im physischen Raum enthalten sind sowie den intrinsischen Motivationen von verschiedenen Akteur_innen. Für empirische Resultate dienten Interviews und Feldforschungen in diversen VoKüs als Methoden.  Engl.: This article deals with the solidarity kitchen, a collective, self-organized food practice, which has its roots in the left-wing political culture. The field studies are focused on the social and ecological elements contained in space and the motivation of its actors. I conducted interviews and participant observations in several solidarity kitchens of Hamburg

Volxküchen als Reaktion auf ökologische und soziale Missstände: Alternative Ernährungspraktiken im urbanen Raum

Eine Volxküche (VoKü) ist eine aus den linkspolitischen Kreisen stammende Ernährungspraxis, deren Umsetzung auf kollektiver Selbstorganisation beruht. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den sozialen und ökologischen Faktoren, die im physischen Raum enthalten sind sowie den intrinsischen Motivationen von verschiedenen Akteur_innen. Für empirische Resultate dienten Interviews und Feldforschungen in diversen VoKüs als Methoden.This article deals with the solidarity kitchen, a collective, self-organized food practice, which has its roots in the left-wing political culture. The field studies are focused on the social and ecological elements contained in space and the motivation of its actors. I conducted interviews and participant observations in several solidarity kitchens of Hamburg

Increased duration of mechanical ventilation is associated with decreased diaphragmatic force: a prospective observational study

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Respiratory muscle weakness is an important risk factor for delayed weaning. Animal data show that mechanical ventilation itself can cause atrophy and weakness of the diaphragm, called ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). Transdiaphragmatic pressure after magnetic stimulation (TwPdi BAMPS) allows evaluation of diaphragm strength. We aimed to evaluate the repeatability of TwPdi BAMPS in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients and to describe the relation between TwPdi and the duration of mechanical ventilation. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study in critically ill and mechanically ventilated patients, admitted to the medical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Nineteen measurements were made in a total of 10 patients at various intervals after starting mechanical ventilation. In seven patients, measurements were made on two or more occasions, with a minimum interval of 24 hours. RESULTS: The TwPdi was 11.5 +/- 3.9 cm H2O (mean +/- SD), indicating severe respiratory muscle weakness. The between-occasion coefficient of variation of TwPdi was 9.7%, comparable with data from healthy volunteers. Increasing duration of mechanical ventilation was associated with a logarithmic decline in TwPdi (R = 0.69; P = 0.038). This association was also found for cumulative time on pressure control (R = 0.71; P = 0.03) and pressure-support ventilation (P = 0.05; R = 0.66) separately, as well as for cumulative dose of propofol (R = 0.66; P = 0.05) and piritramide (R = 0.79; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Duration of mechanical ventilation is associated with a logarithmic decline in diaphragmatic force, which is compatible with the concept of VIDD. The observed decline may also be due to other potentially contributing factors such as sedatives/analgesics, sepsis, or others.status: publishe

Cardiac maladaptation in term pregnancies with preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVES: To study biventricular cardiac changes with conventional echocardiography and new echocardiographic speckle tracking technologies such strain, twist and torsion in pregnant women with preeclampsia at term and normotensive control term pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN: For this prospective single centre case-control study, we consecutively recruited 30 women with preeclampsia at term as cases and 40 healthy control term pregnant women. All women underwent transthoracic echocardiographic examination at the time point of inclusion into the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Signs of systolic and/or diastolic cardiac maladaptation to the increased volume load associated with pregnancy. RESULTS: Conventional echocardiography revealed mild left sided diastolic impairment in the form of significantly increased E/E' in preeclampsia (7.58 ± 1.72 vs. 6.18 ± 1.57, p = 0.001) compared to normotensive controls, but no evidence of systolic impairment. With speckle tracking analysis, significant decreases in left ventricular global (-13.32 ± 2.37% vs. -17.61 ± 1.89%, p < 0.001), endocardial (-15.64 ± 2.79% vs. -19.84 ± 2.35%, p < 0.001) and epicardial strain (-11.48 ± 2.15% vs. -15.73 ± 1.66%, p < 0.001) as well as left ventricular longitudinal strain rate (-0.84 ± 0.14 s-1 vs. -0.98 ± 0.12 s-1, p < 0.001) and left ventricular early diastolic strain rate (0.86 ± 0.30 s-1 vs. 1.24 ± 0.26 s-1, p < 0.001) could be observed in women with term preeclampsia. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study demonstrate that pregnant women with term preeclampsia with minimal functional changes on conventional echocardiography, demonstrated significant subclinical myocardial changes on speckle tracking analysis