Pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis: the known and unknown

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease and the most prevalent systemic disorder in children with uveitis. The current prevailing opinion is that JIA is a multifactorial, genetically predisposed autoimmune disorder that can be influenced by environmental factors and infections; the specific pathogenesis of JIA-associated uveitis is not understood, however, nor has the relationship between the eye and joint inflammation been established. Nevertheless, subtypes of JIA that are associated with uveitis, oligoarthritis, polyarticular rheumatoid factor negative, and psoriatic arthritis appear to have common pathogenicity. We summarize our current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of JIA-associated uveitis and discuss the possible role of immune responses and cytokine involvement, genetic associations, and the influence of external triggers in this disease-an association that is supported by data obtained from arthritis research and experimental uveitis models. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate as Baseline Predictor for the Development of Uveitis in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Ophthalmic researc

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate as baseline predictor for the development of uveitis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Purpose To analyze inflammatory parameters as possible predictors for the development of uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. Further, to analyze the predictive value of demographic and clinical factors at the onset of arthritis. Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods In 358 children with oligoarthritis and rheumatoid factor-negative polyarthritis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), presence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-)B27, age of onset of JIA, and sex were analyzed for their predictive value for the onset of uveitis. Results One hundred forty-seven patients (41%) were diagnosed with chronic anterior uveitis. Young age of onset, presence of ANA, and elevated ESR appeared to be predictive factors according to univariate analyses (P =.029, P =.007, and P = 5E-4, respectively). According to multivariate analysis, young age of onset and elevated ESR appeared to be predictive after adjusting for the other relevant factors (P =.004 and P =.001, respectively). A prediction model was developed. Conclusions Elevated ESR appears to be a predictor for the occurrence of uveitis in patients with JIA. Since ESR is already routinely tested in patients with recently diagnosed arthritis, its use as a biomarker can easily be implemented in daily practice

Pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis: the known and unknown

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease and the most prevalent systemic disorder in children with uveitis. The current prevailing opinion is that JIA is a multifactorial, genetically predisposed autoimmune disorder that can be influenced by environmental factors and infections; the specific pathogenesis of JIA-associated uveitis is not understood, however, nor has the relationship between the eye and joint inflammation been established. Nevertheless, subtypes of JIA that are associated with uveitis, oligoarthritis, polyarticular rheumatoid factor negative, and psoriatic arthritis appear to have common pathogenicity. We summarize our current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of JIA-associated uveitis and discuss the possible role of immune responses and cytokine involvement, genetic associations, and the influence of external triggers in this disease-an association that is supported by data obtained from arthritis research and experimental uveitis models. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved