Gene-environment and protein degradation signatures characterize genomic and phenotypic diversity in wild Caenorhabditis elegans populations

Background: Analyzing and understanding the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes is at the heart of genetics. Research on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been instrumental for unraveling genotype-phenotype relations, and has important implications for understanding the biology of mammals, but almost all studies, including forward and reverse genetic screens, are limited by investigations in only one canonical genotype. This hampers the detection and functional analysis of allelic variants, which play a key role in controlling many complex traits. It is therefore essential to explore the full potential of the natural genetic variation and evolutionary context of the genotype-phenotype map in wild C. elegans populations. Results: We used multiple wild C. elegans populations freshly isolated from local sites to investigate gene sequence polymorphisms and a multitude of phenotypes including the transcriptome, fitness, and behavioral traits. The genotype, transcriptome, and a number of fitness traits showed a direct link with the original site of the strains. The separation between the isolation sites was prevalent on all chromosomes, but chromosome V was the largest contributor to this variation. These results were supported by a differential food preference of the wild isolates for naturally co-existing bacterial species. Comparing polymorphic genes between the populations with a set of genes extracted from 19 different studies on gene expression in C. elegans exposed to biotic and abiotic factors, such as bacteria, osmotic pressure, and temperature, revealed a significant enrichment for genes involved in gene-environment interactions and protein degradation. Conclusions: We found that wild C. elegans populations are characterized by gene-environment signatures, and we have unlocked a wealth of genotype-phenotype relations for the first time. Studying natural isolates provides a treasure trove of evidence compared with that unearthed by the current research in C. elegans, which covers only a diminutive part of the myriad of genotype-phenotype relations that are present in the wild

Arbeid en bezieling: de visie op het artistieke scheppingsproces verbeeld en verwoord door P. J. H. Cuypers, J. A. Alberdingk Thijm en V. E. L. de Stuers

Contains fulltext : mmubn000001_304286508.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Promotor : C. Peeter

Multiple-Phase Trajectory Optimization for Formation Flight in Civil Aviation

A tool is developed that is able to optimize the trajectories of multiple aircraft that fly in formation in order to obtain the minimum total fuel consumption. Several experiments are conducted to investigate the benefits of formation flight for commercial aircraft. Finally, also the influences of wind and delay on the trajectories of the aircraft that join in the formation are examinedAerospace EngineeringControl and OperationsAerospace Transport & Operation

Duurzaamheid, flexibilliteit en kosten van hoogbouw

In de huidige maatschappij is duurzaamheid een steeds belangrijk wordend onderwerp. De groeiende hoeveelheid leegstaande kantoorpanden die uiteindelijk gesloopt worden omdat geen nieuwe bestemming kan worden gevonden zijn dan ook geen goede ontwikkeling. In Nederland wordt hoogbouw al snel met een betonnen stabiliteitsysteem uitgevoerd en de vraag is of dit de juiste methode is gezien de duurzaamheid en aanpasbaarheid van de plattegrond voor toekomstige bestemming. De doelstelling voor dit afstuderen is dan ook de relatie tussen de stabiliteitsystemen voor hoogbouw, de bouwduurzaamheid, flexibiliteit en de kosten in beeld brengen. De wijze waarop dit gedaan zal worden is terug te vinden in Hoofdstuk 2 Onderzoeksopzet.Design and ConstructionCivil Engineering and Geoscience

Luctor et Emergo. Een voorzet voor het post-MIP aan de hand van twee bedreigde hoogtepunten uit het oeuvre van rijksbouwmeester Gijsbert Friedhoff

The government-architect Gijsbert Friedhoff (1892-1970) left an important mark on the architecture of the Dutch state after World War II, when large parts of The Netherlands had to be rebuilt. The works of this period, known as the post-war reconstruction architecture (1946-1965), are at the moment seriously threatened by developments in building and city planning. The crucial problem is that most of the post-war reconstruction architecture is too young to be protected by the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1988, which applies a terminus ante quem of minimal 50 years. This means that during the next decennium buildings of a high quality Standard in architecture, siting and decoration inevitably will disappear, unless cities and provinces will take their responsibility by making their own rules for the keeping of valuable specimens of postwar architecture and city planning. The works of Friedhoff are a touchstone in this process. His former offices for the ministry of Education, Arts and Sciences (Onderwijs, Kunsten en Wetenschappen) (1953) in the Hague are being demolished at this very moment, whereas in Oostburg (Zeeland) his District-court (Kantongerecht) (1953) is threatened by plans of the very municipality that once requested the central government to build it. The council of Oostburg wants to use the spot to construct a mall. This is all the more regrettable because of the great quality of Friedhoff’s designs. Raised in the tradition of the Delft school (Delftse school) Friedhoff combined a solid craftmanship with traditional motifs to suggest dignity and decorum, which his tutor, professor Henri Evers characterised as 'the morality of a building'. His buildings are expressive by the grouping of masses as well as lucid by their ground plan, in which he tried to accomplish a 'climax' by the sequence and the form of the various spaces. His idea was to set an example for state-architecture, which appealed to the public by expressing the values of the community and the government. Friedhoff was able to carry out this programm to its full extent by calling in the assistance of interior decorators and designers of furniture, sculpture, armatures, glass-stained-windows, graffiti, mosaics and murals. In this he proved to be a true heir of the Dutch tradition of Cuypers and Berlage, who also created an appealing impression in their buildings by exploiting the visual and symbolic possibilities of architectural elements in combination with the decorative and applied arts. Both the in- and exterior of a building contained in their view a message in stone. One can only hope that the call of tradition will reach politicians and administrators in time to create new chances for the post-war reconstruction. 'I struggle and overcome' is the device of the coat of arms of the province of Zeeland, and refers to its ever-continuous struggle with the sea

Luctor et Emergo. Een voorzet voor het post-MIP aan de hand van twee bedreigde hoogtepunten uit het oeuvre van rijksbouwmeester Gijsbert Friedhoff

The government-architect Gijsbert Friedhoff (1892-1970) left an important mark on the architecture of the Dutch state after World War II, when large parts of The Netherlands had to be rebuilt. The works of this period, known as the post-war reconstruction architecture (1946-1965), are at the moment seriously threatened by developments in building and city planning. The crucial problem is that most of the post-war reconstruction architecture is too young to be protected by the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1988, which applies a terminus ante quem of minimal 50 years. This means that during the next decennium buildings of a high quality Standard in architecture, siting and decoration inevitably will disappear, unless cities and provinces will take their responsibility by making their own rules for the keeping of valuable specimens of postwar architecture and city planning. The works of Friedhoff are a touchstone in this process. His former offices for the ministry of Education, Arts and Sciences (Onderwijs, Kunsten en Wetenschappen) (1953) in the Hague are being demolished at this very moment, whereas in Oostburg (Zeeland) his District-court (Kantongerecht) (1953) is threatened by plans of the very municipality that once requested the central government to build it. The council of Oostburg wants to use the spot to construct a mall. This is all the more regrettable because of the great quality of Friedhoff’s designs. Raised in the tradition of the Delft school (Delftse school) Friedhoff combined a solid craftmanship with traditional motifs to suggest dignity and decorum, which his tutor, professor Henri Evers characterised as 'the morality of a building'. His buildings are expressive by the grouping of masses as well as lucid by their ground plan, in which he tried to accomplish a 'climax' by the sequence and the form of the various spaces. His idea was to set an example for state-architecture, which appealed to the public by expressing the values of the community and the government. Friedhoff was able to carry out this programm to its full extent by calling in the assistance of interior decorators and designers of furniture, sculpture, armatures, glass-stained-windows, graffiti, mosaics and murals. In this he proved to be a true heir of the Dutch tradition of Cuypers and Berlage, who also created an appealing impression in their buildings by exploiting the visual and symbolic possibilities of architectural elements in combination with the decorative and applied arts. Both the in- and exterior of a building contained in their view a message in stone. One can only hope that the call of tradition will reach politicians and administrators in time to create new chances for the post-war reconstruction. 'I struggle and overcome' is the device of the coat of arms of the province of Zeeland, and refers to its ever-continuous struggle with the sea