Determinación de perfiles del geoide. Optimización de métodos y aplicación a al red astrogeodésica-de Portugal

Tesis Univ. Compl. Madrid. Dpto. Física de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica. Dirigida por M.J. Sevilla de Lerma, leída en Madrid ca. 1987.Fac. de Ciencias MatemáticasTRUEProQuestpu

Determinación de perfiles del geoide. Optimización de métodos y aplicación a al red astrogeodésica-de Portugal

Tesis Univ. Compl. Madrid. Dpto. Física de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica. Dirigida por M.J. Sevilla de Lerma, leída en Madrid ca. 1987.Fac. de Ciencias MatemáticasTRUEProQuestpu

Gradient induced artifacts in simultaneous EEG-fMRI: Effect of synchronization on spiral and EPI k-space trajectories

The nature of the gradient induced electroencephalography (EEG) artifact is analyzed and compared for two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) pulse sequences with different k-space trajectories: echo planar imaging (EPI) and spiral. Furthermore, the performance of the average artifact subtraction algorithm (AAS) to remove the gradient artifact for both sequences is evaluated. The results show that the EEG gradient artifact for spiral sequences is one order of magnitude higher than for EPI sequences due to the chirping spectrum of the spiral sequence and the dB/dt of its crusher gradients. However, in the presence of accurate synchronization, the use of AAS yields the same artifact suppression efficiency for both pulse sequences below 80 Hz. The quality of EEG signal after AAS is demonstrated for phantom and human data. EEG spectrogram and visual evoked potential (VEP) are compared outside the scanner and use both EPI and spiral pulse sequences. MR related artifact residues affect the spectra over 40 Hz (less than 0.2 μV up to 120 Hz) and modify the amplitude of P1, N2 and P300 in the VEP. These modifications in the EEG signal have to be taken into account when interpreting EEG data acquired in simultaneous EEG-fMRI experiments

Exploring Stereotypes and Cultural References in Dubbed TV Comedies in the Spanish-as-a-Foreign-Language Classroom

Streaming video-on-demand (SVoD) platforms have recently set out to produce an ever-increasing number of non-English-language films and tv series distributed worldwide. These, in turn, have become the perfect vehicle for disseminating cultural realities other than those from English-speaking countries. In this article, we endeavour to analyse the presence of stereotypes and cultural references in the English-dubbed version of the Spanish tv series Valeria (Benítez, 2020–present) and the way they travel through dubbing. To this end, we conducted a comparative study in which seven video excerpts from the English-dubbed version and their original Spanish version were shown to 57 native English-speaking participants from a British higher education institution, who shared a similar knowledge of Spanish as a foreign language. Specifically, we explored the participants’ overall perception of humorous passages, their identification of cultural references, their informed opinion on the translation techniques applied (and alternatives given), and their self-assessment of the metacognitive effort required. TThe findings show two aspects of learners: (a) overall, these learners were eager to maintain stereotypes and cultural references used for humorous purposes in audiovisual comedies, and (b) their understanding of these items often relies on audiovisual support. The findings offer an initial examination of English speakers’ cognitive and evaluative perception of Spanish comedies that have been dubbed in English and can be useful for translator training purposes

Biased news sharing and partisan polarization on social media

In the ever-connected digital landscape, news dissemination on social media platforms serves as a vital source of information for the public. However, this flow of information is far from unbiased. It is deeply influenced by the political inclinations of the users who share news as well as the inherent biases present in the news outlets themselves. These biases in news consumption play a significant role in the creation of echo chambers and the reinforcement of beliefs. This phenomenon, in turn, influences the voting intentions of the population during critical electoral periods. In this study, we use a metric called "Sentiment Bias", a tool designed to classify news outlets according to their biases. We explore the impact of this metric on various levels, ranging from news outlets to individual user biases. Our metric, while simple, unveils a well-known trend: users prefer news aligning with their political beliefs. Its power lies in extending this insight to specific topics. Users consistently share articles related to subjects that echo their favored candidates, illuminating a deeper layer of political alignment in online discourse

NANOFABRICACIÓN Y PROPIEDADES DE TRANSPORTE DE HILOS SUPERCONDUCTORES DE ALTA TEMPERATURA CRÍTICA

En esta memoria se aborda el problema del transporte de corriente en superconductores de tipo II, en función de la orientación y módulo del campo magnético aplicado. Para ello: (i) se han obtenido hilos superconductores utlizando técnicas de fabricación de películas delgadas (PLD) y su posterior litografiado, y (ii) mediante las hipótesis simplificadoras que permite la geometría filamentar, se han analizado varios experimentos de resistividad en función de la temperatura y el campo magnético, realizados con tal propósito. En contraste con la literatura científica disponible, nuestras mediciones plantean dudas acerca de la validez de los modelos teóricos existentes

Fracture energy of coarse recycled aggregate concrete using the wedge splitting test method: influence of water-reducing admixtures

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the replacement levels of coarse natural aggregates with recycled aggregates and water-reducing admixtures on the fracture energy of concrete. Four mixes with 0, 20, 50 and 100% replacement ratios are produced per concrete family: without admixture, with plasticizer and with superplasticizer. The experimental fracture energy is tested using the wedge splitting test method on notched specimens at 28 days. The results prove that the incorporation of up to 20% coarse recycled aggregates led to improved energy absorption capacity of concrete mixes with water-reducing admixtures, reaching 1.5% for concrete with normal plasticizer and 7.0% for concrete with superplasticizer. Furthermore, the compressive strength, slump, and fresh density are tested in order to evaluate the effect of water-reducing admixtures on recycled aggregate concrete with different ratios of coarse natural aggregate replacement, allowing to conclude that the use of plasticizers and superplasticizers improves the behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete for all these properties

A systematic literature review and expert consensus on risk factors associated to infection progression in adult patients with respiratory tract or rectal colonisation by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

Multi-drug resistance; Risk factor; ColonizationResistencia a múltiples fármacos; Factor de riesgo; ColonizaciónResistència a múltiples fàrmacs; Factor de risc; ColonitzacióObjective. Risk factors (RFs) associated with infection progression in patients already colonised by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) have been addressed in few and disperse works. The aim of this study is to identify the relevant RFs associated to infection progression in patients with respiratory tract or rectal colonisation. Material and methods. A systematic literature review was developed to identify RFs associated with infection progression in patients with CRGNB respiratory tract or rectal colonisation. Identified RFs were then evaluated and discussed by the expert panel to identify those that are relevant according to the evidence and expert’s experience. Results. A total of 8 articles were included for the CRGNB respiratory tract colonisation and 21 for CRGNB rectal colonisation, identifying 19 RFs associated with pneumonia development and 44 RFs associated with infection progression, respectively. After discussion, the experts agreed on 13 RFs to be associated with pneumonia development after respiratory tract CRGNB colonisation and 33 RFs to be associated with infection progression after rectal CRGNB colonisation. Respiratory tract and rectal colonisation, previous stay in the ICU and longer stay in the ICU were classified as relevant RF independently of the pathogen and site of colonisation. Previous exposure to antibiotic therapy or previous carbapenem use were also common relevant RF for patients with CRGNB respiratory tract and rectal colonisation. Conclusion. The results of this study may contribute to the early identification of CRGNB colonized patients at higher risk of infection development, favouring time-to-effective therapy and improving health outcomes.This study was funded by Shionogi S.L.U

Preliminary study of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess bone marrow adiposity in the third metacarpus or metatarsus in Thoroughbred racehorses

Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been used to investigate metabolic changes within human bone. It may be possible to use MRS to investigate bone metabolism and fracture risk in the distal third metacarpal/tarsal bone (MC/MTIII) in racehorses. Objectives: To determine the feasibility of using MRS as a quantitative imaging technique in equine bone by using the 1H spectra for the MC/MTIII to calculate fat content (FC). Study Design: Observational cross-sectional study Methods: Limbs from Thoroughbred racehorses were collected from horses that died or were subjected to euthanasia on racecourses. Each limb underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3T followed by single-voxel MRS at 3 regions of interest (ROI) within MC/MTIII (lateral condyle, medial condyle, proximal bone marrow (PBM)). Percentage FC was calculated at each ROI. Each limb underwent computed tomography (CT) and bone mineral density (BMD) was calculated for the same ROIs. All MR and CT images were graded for sclerosis. Histology slides were graded for sclerosis and proximal marrow space was calculated. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationship between BMD, FC and marrow space. Kruskall-Wallis tests were used to check for differences between sclerosis groups for BMD or FC. Results: Eighteen limbs from 10 horses were included. A negative correlation was identified for mean BMD and FC for the lateral condyle (correlation coefficient =-0.60, p=0.01) and PBM (correlation coefficient =-0.5, p=0.04). There was a significant difference between median BMD for different sclerosis grades in the condyles on both MRI and CT. A significant difference in FC was identified between sclerosis groups in the lateral condyle on MRI and CT . Main Limitations: Small sample size. Conclusions: 1H Proton MRS is feasible in the equine MC/MTIII. Further work is required to evaluate the use of this technique to predict fracture risk in racehorses

Integración del simulador CREATOR con hardware RISC-V: caso de estudio con microcontrolador ESP32

Actualmente existen multitud de simuladores de lenguaje ensamblador que permiten a los estudiantes ver y comprender cómo ejecutan los programas ensamblador. Sin embargo, estos simuladores ocultan a los estudiantes todas las implicaciones en términos de rendimiento, consumo de memoria o consumo de energía que conlleva ejecutar estos programas sobre un hardware real. Por ello, en este trabajo se presenta una nueva funcionalidad desarrollada en el simulador CREATOR que permite cargar y ejecutar el código implementado en el propio simulador en un microcontrolador. Permitiendo a los estudiantes comprender cómo ejecutan los programas ensamblador en un hardware real, así como ser una primera toma de contacto en la programación de microcontroladores. Para este trabajo, se ha utilizado como caso de uso, el lenguaje ensamblador RISC-V, integrándolo y probándolo inicialmente con el microcontrolador Espressif ESP32-C3, lo que permite a los estudiantes ver cómo funcionan sus programas sobre un dispositivo