The Core of a coalitional exchange economy

In pure exchange economies, a poor attention has been given to how the individual consumption possibilities of the members of a coalition should be represented. It seems economically reasonable that our knowledge and our possibility to make decisions depend on the coalition we belong to. We define a coalitional exchange economy by considering a pure exchange economy in which the individual consumption sets of consumers within a coalition depend on the membership of the coalition. Our definition includes as a particular case the classical definition of pure exchange economy. We adapt the core concept to a coalitional exchange economy, and we show the non-emptiness of the core. Finally, we discuss more general setting where individual preferences are also depending on the coalitions.Cooperative game, core, exchange economy, consumption possibility.

Edgeworth and Lindahl-Foley equilibria of a general equilibrium model with private provision of pure public goods

In this paper, we propose a definition of Edgeworth equilibrium for a private ownership production economy with (possibly infinitely) many private goods and a finite number of pure public goods. We show that Edgeworth equilibria exist whatever be the dimension of the private goods space, and can be decentralized, in the finite and infinite dimensional cases, as Lindahl-Foley equilibria. Existence theorems for Lindahl-Foley equilibria are a by-product of our results.production economy; public goods; Edgworth equilibrium; Lindahl-Foley equilibrium; proper economy

Possibility functions and regular economies

In the spirit of Smale's work, we consider pure exchange economies with general consumption sets. In this paper, the consumption set of each household is described in terms of a function called possibility function. The main innovation comes from the dependency of each possibility function with respect to the individual endowment. We prove that, generically in the space of endowments and possibility functions, economies are regular. A regular economy has only a finite number of equilibria which locally depend on endowments and possibility functions in a continuous manner.General economic equilibrium, consumption possibility, regular economy.

Externalities, Consumption Constraints and Regular Economies

We consider a general model of pure exchange economies with consumption externalities. Households may have different consumption sets and each consumption set is described by a function called possibility function. Utility and possibility functions depend on the consumptions of all households. Our goal is to give sufficient conditions for the regularity of such economies. We prove that, generically, economies are regular in the space of endowments and possibility functions.Externalities, consumption constraints, competitive equilibrium, regular economies

The Core of a coalitional exchange economy

URL des Cahiers : https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/CAHIERS-MSECahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques 2006.47 - ISSN 1624-0340In pure exchange economies, a poor attention has been given to how the individual consumption possibilities of the members of a coalition should be represented. It seems economically reasonable that our knowledge and our possibility to make decisions depend on the coalition we belong to. We define a coalitional exchange economy by considering a pure exchange economy in which the individual consumption sets of consumers within a coalition depend on the membership of the coalition. Our definition includes as a particular case the classical definition of pure exchange economy. We adapt the core concept to a coalitional exchange economy, and we show the non-emptiness of the core. Finally, we discuss more general setting where individual preferences are also depending on the coalitions.Dans les économies d'échange, peu d'attention a été donnée à la manière de représenter les possibilités individuelles de consommation des membres d'une coalition. Il semble raisonnable que notre connaissance et notre possibilité de décision dépendent de la coalition à laquelle on appartient. On définit une économie d'échange coalitionnelle en considérant une économie d'échange dans laquelle les ensembles individuels de consommation des membres d'une coalition dépendent de la coalition. Notre définition inclut comme cas particulier la définition d'une économie d'échange. Nous adaptons le concept standard de coeur à une économie d'échange coalitionnelle et nous montrons la non vacuité du coeur. Finalement, nous discutons un cadre plus général où les préférences individuelles dépendent aussi des coalitions

Competitive equilibria with consumption possibility depending on endowments : a global analysis

In the spirit of Smale's work, we consider a pure exchange economy with general consumption sets. We consider the case in which the consumption set of each household is described in terms of an inequality on a function called possibility function. The possibility function represents the restricted consumption possibility on commodity markets. The main innovation comes from the dependency of the possibility function with respect to the individual initial endowment. We prove that, generically, equilibria are finite and they locally depend on the initial endowments in a smooth manner.General economic equilibrium, consumption sets, regular economies.

Edgeworth and Lindahl-Foley equilibria of a general equilibrium model with private provision of pure public goods

International audienceIn this paper, we propose a definition of Edgeworth equilibrium for a private ownership production economy with (possibly infinitely) many private goods and a finite number of pure public goods. We show that Edgeworth equilibria exist whatever be the dimension of the private goods space, and can be decentralized, in the finite and infinite dimensional cases, as Lindahl-Foley equilibria. Existence theorems for Lindahl-Foley equilibria are a by-product of our results.Résumé. Nous proposons dans cet article une définition de l'équilibre d'Edgeworth pour une économie de production de propriété privée. L'espace de biens privés peut être de dimension infinie, mais le nombre des biens publics (purs) est fini. Nous montrons qu'il existe des équilibres d'Edgeworth, quelle que soit la dimension de l'espace des biens privés, et que ces équilibres peuvent être décentralisés comme équilibres de Lindahl-Foley. Des théorèmes d'existence d'équilibres de Lindahl-Foley sont un sous-produit de nos résultats

Mixing enhancement induced by viscoelastic micromotors in microfluidic platforms

Fine manipulation of fluid flows at the microscale has a tremendous impact on mass transport phenomena of chemical and biological processes inside microfluidic platforms. Fluid mixing in the laminar flow regime at low Reynolds number is poorly effective due to the inherently slow diffusive mechanism. As a strategy to enhance mixing and prompt mass transport, here, we focus on polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules (PMCs), embodying a catalytic polyoxometalate, as microobjects to create elastic turbulence and as micromotors to generate chaotic flows by fuel-fed propulsions. The effects of the elastic turbolence and of the artificial propulsion on some basic flow parameters, such as pressure and volumetric flow rate, are studied by a microfluidic set-up including pressure and flow sensors. Numerical-handling and physical models of the experimental data are presented and discussed to explain the measured dependence of the pressure drop on the flow rate in presence of the PMCs. As a practical outcome of the study, a strong decrease of the mixing time in a serpentine microreactor is demonstrated. Unlike our previous reports dealing with capillarity flow studies, the present paper relies on hydrodynamic pumping experiments, that allow us to both develop a theoretical model for the understanding of the involved phenomena and demonstrate a successful microfluidic mixing application. All of this is relevant in the perspective of developing microobject-based methods to overcome microscale processes purely dominated by diffusion with potential improvements of mass trasport in microfluidic platforms. \ua9 2019 Elsevier B.V

Amyloid-like fibrils in elastin-related polypeptides: Structural characterization and elastic properties

We report on the structural characterization of amyloid-like fibrils, self-assembled from synthetic polypentapeptides poly(ValGlyGlyLeuGly), whose monomeric sequence is a recurring, simple building block of elastin. This polymer adopts a beta-sheet structure as revealed by circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, Thioflavin-T and Congo red birefringence assays confirm the presence of amyloid-like structures. To analyze the supramolecular assembly and elastic properties of the fibrils, we employed atomic force microsocopy and spectroscopy, measuring also the elasticity of mature elastin for a comparative analysis. In the case of fibrils we estimated a Young's modulus ranging from 3.5 to 7 MPa, whereas for elastin it is around 1 MPa. The possibility to section individual fibrils with nanometric control by the AFM tip, realizing biomolecular gaps in the 100 nm range, is also demonstrated. These results are expected to open interesting perspectives for the fabrication of protein-inspired nanostructures with specific physical and chemical properties for applications in biotechnology and tissue engineering