The Pathophysiological Aspects of Cerebral Diseases

Introduction. Cerebrovascular disorders are the main causes of heavy burden health worldwide, also, it is critical to understand the pathophysiological mechanism and then trying to prevent the neurological sequels. Objective. To discuss the inflammatory and oxidative stress aspects associated to the cerebrovascular diseases, focusing on biomarkers, also the role of omega oils, and the intracellular molecular network associated to the tissue burden on those conditions. Results. One of the most promising biomarkers it is Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE). Serum NSE levels were elevated in stroke-patients compared to the non-stroke controls. Also, studies have demonstrated that in specific ratio omega oils 3, 6 and 9 can ameliorate the inflammatory and oxidative stress in nervous tissue and could be useful to the inflammatory and oxidative stress negative effects of cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, the study of the molecular mechanisms is essential to understand which molecules could be addressed in cascade of events preventing the permanent damage on the nervous tissue. Final considerations. The studies on cerebrovascular disorders must precisely identify the mechanisms and key molecules involved and improve the time of diagnostics and prognostics reducing the negative impacts of those conditions

GAMMA RADIATION AS A METHOD FOR STERILIZATION OF ALL-IN-ONE ADMIXTURES BAGS FOR CLINICAL USE: A STUDY OF STABILITY

Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the stability of all-in-one (AIO) admixtures exposed to gamma irradiation sterilization.Methods: The samples were divided into four groups with 10 bags each: a) Group I: control samples (bags without sterilization or inoculation with microorganisms); b) Group II: bags sterilized by gamma irradiation; c) Group III: bags inoculated and then irradiated and, d) Group IV: bags only inoculated. The following studies were performed: macroscopic analysis of admixtures; physicochemical stability; degree of lipoperoxidation (LPO), and microbiological tests.Results: Gamma irradiation sterilization was 100% effective, since no irradiated sample showed growth of microorganisms. All groups exhibited similar particle size distribution, but a longer storage time led to a smaller percentage of large particles. In general, irradiated samples showed reduced LPO.Conclusion: Gamma irradiation sterilization of these admixtures can be extended to clinical practice, as it results in physicochemically stable admixtures

Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable

Brazil, home to one of the planet's last great forests, is currently in trade negotiations with its second largest trading partner, the European Union (EU). We urge the EU to seize this critical opportunity to ensure that Brazil protects human rights and the environment