Genome sequence of Enterococcus mundtii EM01, isolated from Bombyx mori midgut and responsible for flacherie disease in silkworms reared on an artificial diet

The whole genome sequence of Enterococcus mundtii strain EM01 is reported here. The isolate proved to be the cause of flacherie in Bombyx mori. To date, the genomes of 11 other E. mundtii strains have been sequenced. EM01 is the only strain that displayed active pathological effects on its associated animal species

Health regionalization in the ABC Region: the interests at stake

Regionalizing the Brazilian National Health System implies the joint construction of a planning that comprises the interconnection, coordination, regulation, and funding of the network of services within a territory, in a continued process of all kinds of negotiation. The 2006 Pact for Health has three instruments for managing a regional health system: the Regional Executive Land-Use Planning (RDP); the Interconnected Agreed Scheduling (AIS); and the Executive Investment Planning (IDP). This article aims at debating, discussing, and explaining the operation of these instruments in the regional health system of the ABC Region, which is currently coordinated by the Regional Health Department I (DRS I). With this guiding objective, this descriptive study of the ABC Region is based on ten interviews with municipal secretaries and directors; hospital managers; a manager of the ABC Foundation; and a manager of DRS I. It was concluded that PDR might need to be updated in order to balance the relation between supply and demand; PPI is a competition arena, rather than a space for interconnection, negotiation, and agreement; and PDI is not that significant, since the resources from the Ministry of Health are not enough for the health actions in this region.Regionalizar o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) implica a construção conjunta de um planejamento que dê conta da integração, coordenação, regulação e financiamento da rede de serviços dentro de um território, em um processo contínuo de negociações de toda natureza. O Pacto pela Saúde de 2006 apresenta três instrumentos para a gestão de um sistema regional de saúde: o Plano Diretor Regional (PDR); a Programação Pactuada Integrada (PPI); e o Plano Diretor de Investimentos (PDI). Este artigo se propõe debater, discutir e explicar a operação desses instrumentos no sistema regional de saúde do Grande ABC Paulista, que está hoje sob a coordenação do Departamento Regional de Saúde I (DRS I). Tendo esse objetivo norteador, este estudo descritivo da região do Grande ABC baseia-se em dez entrevistas com secretários e diretores municipais; gestores de hospitais; um gestor da Fundação do ABC; e um gestor do DRS I. Concluiu-se que o PDR necessitaria ser atualizado para equilibrar a relação entre oferta e demanda; o PPI é uma arena de competição, em vez de um espaço de articulação, negociação e pactuação; e o PDI é pouco significativo, uma vez que os recursos do Ministério da Saúde não são suficientes para as ações de saúde nessa região.Centro Universitário da Fundação Educacional InacianaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Deadlocks in the process of health regionalization: local plots

Regionalization of the public health system aims to encourage and enhance efforts and measures involving the organization of local and regional public health, through coordinating all those involved. The barriers that often hinder the process of regionalization are linked to tensions and conflicts between objectives, integration and political factors. This article intends to reflect on the process of regionalization from an administrative and political point of view, highlighting issues of local autonomy due to the process of municipalization. In other words, if the process of municipalizing the health system in the last few decades has strengthened political autonomy in the cities, the proposal to rationalize the services structure by regionalization follows a more administrative logic. But as can be seen in the in the Greater ABC region of São Paulo, for example, the political side of this process will impose itself, one way or another, especially when each city tries to defend their own interests.Regionalização do SUS visa reforçar e potencializar esforços e medidas envolvendo a organização dos sistemas local e regional de saúde, mediante articulação de todos os envolvidos. Os entraves que costumam dificultar o processo de regionalização estão relacionados às tensões e aos conflitos entre os objetivos, a integração e os fatores políticos. Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre o processo de regionalização do ponto de vista político-administrativo, destacando questões relativas à autonomia local decorrente do processo de municipalização. Dito de outro modo, se o processo de municipalização da saúde ocorrido nas últimas décadas fortaleceu a autonomia política dos municípios, a proposta de racionalizar a estrutura de serviços por meio da regionalização seguiu uma lógica mais administrativa. Mas, como vimos na região do Grande ABC paulista, por exemplo, a dimensão política do processo se impõe de qualquer maneira, sobretudo nos jogos de poder na defesa de interesses locais.FEI Centro UniversitárioUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESP, Depto Medicina PreventivaSciEL

Seismic and Fire Assessment and Upgrading Process for Historical Buildings: The Case Study of Palazzo Colonna in Caggiano

The assessment and retrofit of existing masonry structures with historical and cultural value in highly seismic zones are challenging issues in earthquake engineering. In fact, the historic and recent earthquakes have shown the problem of the seismic vulnerability of existing masonry constructions. A historical masonry palace located in Caggiano (Salerno, Italy) is used herein as a case study, showing the vulnerability assessment and the seismic upgrading process. The case study building has a masonry structural type at the first two floors while there is a third floor realized in reinforced concrete and a fourth floor realized with a wood structure. The building was characterized by a remarkable seismic vulnerability and needed seismic upgrading operations. After the vulnerability assessment process, some design suggestions are proposed for the seismic upgrading of the building. The structure before and after the upgrading operations has been checked through nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. Then, coherently with the "Sismabonus" approach, the attribution of the seismic risk class, performed through numerical analyses, is founded on two parameters, namely, the expected annual mean losses (PAM), related to economic factors, and the Life Safety Index (IS-V), related to the structure seismic safety. Finally, the overcoming of the different classes of risk is shown and compared with the amount of the retrofit operations, their costs, and the impact on the existing space. Moreover, fire assessment has been investigated. In fact, in many cases, the buildings such as the case study structure are intended for public activities such as museums, so specific fire requirements, like fire resistance, are necessary. This topic became relevant especially if the structure is equipped with particular structural retrofit interventions which can be altered and modified in case of a fire. The paper presents the results of advanced thermomechanical analyses on the historical masonry palace under investigation. Since the case study building has a masonry structural type at the first two floors while there is a third floor realized in reinforced concrete, the fire analyses were conducted on the third and fourth floors, which may be more vulnerable to fire