Have you ever listened coastal inhabitants? Know what they think…

Coastal dynamics changes, caused by natural or man-made factors, can to give rise serious consequences, namely at urban areas, exposing coastal population at risk. In this context, the understanding of the way people perceive the coastal dynamics and their exposure to risk is essential for the land use management and Integrated Coastal Zone Management. To get the perception of coastal population, this research was based in a risk map proposed by Water Institute (1999) that classifies the Portuguese territory in three categories of risk: low, mean and high. A questionnaire was applied to the dwellings owners in coastal risk areas of Praia de Esmoriz, Praia de Cortegaça, Furadouro, Torreira, Praia da Barra, Costa Nova do Prado and Praia da Vagueira, during the summer season, in 2006. The questionnaire has as main objectives: coastal risks social perception; coastal dynamics social perception; identification of territorial and environmental changes in the coastal areas; identification of socio-environmental conflicts. A total of 418 questionnaires were completed which corresponds to 10% of the dwellings at risk in the study area. Almost all of respondents recognize the shoreline retreat and would accept having their houses relocated if it were confirmed that there home was in fact in danger, however the inquired population confirms to feeling safe near the sea. In other words, there is negligence of the coastal risks. It is necessary to inform the population of the problems that the coastal areas are suffering of and to get everyone involved in coastal issues

Volatile sulphur compounds in wines related to yeast metabolism and nitrogen composition of grape musts

The influence of nitrogen compounds in grape musts on the content of sulphur compounds of wines was studied. Different vinifications were performed with the addition of methionine (20 mg l−1) and/or cysteine (40 mg l−1) to grape musts before alcoholic fermentation. Six grape musts, with different nitrogen composition, from cultivars of the ‘Vinhos Verdes’ Region, in Portugal, were used. Addition of methionine to grape musts enhanced the content of wines in 3-(methylthio)-1-propanol, acetic acid-3-(methylthio)propyl ester, 3-(methylthio)propionic acid and some unidentified sulphur compounds. Increase of cysteine concentration in musts led to the production of wines with high levels of hydrogen sulphide and cis-2-methyltetrahydrothiophene- 3-OL and also unidentified sulphur compounds; however, the content of 3-(methylthio)propionic acid in the wines decreased considerately with the addition of cysteine to grape musts. This work showed that cultivars from the Vinho Verde Region show different sulphur compound contents. Avesso wines, elaborated from grape musts with low amino acids level, presented the highest total sulphur compounds content. Wines from Azal branco and Alvarinho were characterised by high contents of 4-(methylthio)-1-butanol and 3-(methylthio)propionic acid, respectively. A high content of N-(3-(methylthio) propyl)-acetamide and dimethylsulphone characterise the Loureiro wines. In contrast, Trajadura wines, produced from a must rich in amino acids, presented a low total sulphur compounds content; however, these wines were also characterised by high concentrations of 4-(methylthio)-1-butanol, acetic acid-3-(methylthio)propyl ester and hydrogen sulphide

Clonagem in vitro via cultivo de meristema de pimenteira-do-reino: assepsia e estabelecimento de cultura.

A cultura da pimenteira-do-reino tem grande importância econômica no Brasil, mas há restrição de cultivo devido a vulnerabilidade genética da mesma à doença fusariose causada pelo fungo Fusarium solani f. sp.piperis. A forma de propagação vegetativa é disseminadora da doença e métodos de controle da doença são pouco exitosos. Programas de melhoramento em execução visam gerar híbridos resistentes à doença em questão, além de agregar características agronômicas competitivas. Doenças viróticas ocorrem em todas as cultivares e há necessidades de limpeza clonal dessas cultivares via cultura de tecidos. Há dificuldades de obtenção de explantes assépticos devido a problemas de bactérias e fungos endógenos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo o estabelecimento de meristema (<1,0 mm) in vitro para a limpeza clonal via micropropagação. A partir de plantas originadas de estacas, meristemas (apicais e laterais) foram excisados a partir segmentos nodais e apicais, previamente submetidos a diferentes tratamentos de assepsia. Os meristemas foram inoculados em meio básico de cultura MS suplementado com BAP 0,5 mg.L-1 e AIA 0,2 mg.L-1. As respostas dos meristemas das diferentes cultivares foram avaliadas quanto a oxidação e contaminação, e os explantes verdes foram transferidos para meios frescos visando a diferenciação de brotos. Dos meristemas de nove cultivares utilizadas, apenas alguns das cultivares IAÇARÁ e genótipo 239 apresentaram desenvolvimento satisfatório. As demais não desenvolveram, oxidaram e/ ou sofreram contaminação por fungos e/ ou bactérias

People should also look after the people: relational values of wildlife and collectively titled land in Ilkisongo Maasai group ranches in Southern Kenya

Categorically distinct instrumental values and non-instrumental “cultural” values of “nature” are central to ecosystemservices assessments and many wildlife conservation interventions alike. However, this approach to understanding the value of nature is at odds with social scientific understandings that see value as produced through social-ecological relations and processes. With a case study of Ilkisongo Maasai land users living in group ranches surrounding Amboseli National Park in southern Kenya, we apply a relational values approach to highlight the processes of valuation that shape how different people within Maasai society come to have different shared values of wildlife and collectively titled land. First, we detail how wildlife conservation efforts in Amboseli have affected social relations through uneven conservation decision-making processes and unequal distribution of benefits from conservation. Second, we detail how conservation practices have directly influenced changing relationships between people and wildlife. Neglect of elders’ common stances on how relations “ought” to be maintained (both human-human and human-nonhuman relations), and many Maasai residents’ views of the “ownership” of wildlife by a minority have both fueled resentment. We show that an ironic, unintended outcome is that conservation projects, which are intended to increase the “value” of wildlife for local people as a way to foster “coexistence” of people and wildlife on collectively titled lands, are instead contributing to an increased desire by some Maasai for wildlife to be spatially separated from people and livestock. Simultaneously, current conservation projects do not build upon practices that in Maasai views, enabled historical sharing of land with wildlife. Inequality and lack of participation have been highlighted as key limitations of many community-based conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation initiatives. We instead focus on how wildlife conservation interventions have contributed to changing human-human and human-nonhuman relations and have in turn impacted long-term Maasai perceptions of wildlife. We argue that an expanded consideration of relational values that emphasizes the inseparability of culture and nature, but also includes a central consideration of power dynamics, might overcome some limitations of previous valuation approaches.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Metabolomic analysis of the toxicity pathways elicited by subtoxic concentrations of methylone in primary mouse hepatocytes

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Anatomia foliar em secção transversal de Elaeis guineesis Jacq (Dendê).

III ENAAg

Estudo de caracteres morfoanatômicos da folha de Serjania paucidentata DC., Sapindaceae.

Serjania paucidentata DC., pertencente à família Sapindaceae, é uma espécie que compõe um grupo de plantas denominadas timbós, sendo estas conhecidas por seu uso na pesca desde a época pré-colombiana e seu poder ictiotóxico é devido principalmente à presença de rotenona. A intenção deste estudo é encontrar possíveis características que complementem e ratifiquem informações da taxonomia do gênero. Para a análise, foram realizados dois processos laboratoriais, dissociação de epiderme e cortes transversais, ambos utilizando-se hipoclorito de sódio a 6% para clarificação, e coloração com corantes específicos para cada procedimento. Ao final foram confeccionadas lâminas semi-permanentes para visualização em microscópio. Dentre as características observadas em vista frontal destaca-se o formato das células da epiderme, tanto da face abaxial quanto da adaxial, os tipos de tricomas e os estômatos. Em vista lateral observou-se a composição do mesofilo e a disposição e formato dos feixes vasculares, fibras e células meristemáticas. Ratificou-se algumas características comuns a família e destacou-se outras possivelmente peculiares a espécie ou gênero. Todas estas características servem de apoio para a identificação botânica além de adicionarem informações ao gênero e família

A new machine for acquire pavement texture

This paper presents a prototype machine for the acquisition and characterization of the macrotexture and megatexture of road surfaces. The development stages of the prototype machine involved: 3D data acquisition system configuration and calibration - based on laser triangulation technique, 3D surface reconstruction of the road surface and texture characterization using appropriated indicators, such as the Mean Profile Depth (MPD) and the Texture Profile Level (L), by applying different and complementary mathematical techniques. The prototype machine created is able to work in laboratory and in field, allowing an acquisition accuracy of 0.5 mm. The contribution of this research is in developing a prototype machine capable of acquiring an extensive area road surface with high precision 3D data.(undefined