Investeren in competenties; een onderzoek in de Greenports

Inventarisatie van de huidige en toekomstige vraag/behoeftes aan competenties bij ondernemers, managers en werknemers in het tuinbouwcluste

Actuele ontwikkeling van resultaten en inkomens in de land- en tuinbouw, 2008

Dit rapport geeft zicht op het economisch resultaat van agrarische bedrijfstypen en van de gehele land- en tuinbouw. Voor diverse typen worden ramingen van de resultaten in 2008 gepresenteerd. Daarnaast wordt een analyse gegeven van de uitkomsten van groepen bedrijven uit het Bedrijven-Informatienet tot 2007. Zo worden van bedrijven in de veehouderij, akkerbouw en tuinbouw de opbrengsten, kosten, rentabiliteit en inkomen gepresenteerd. Ook wordt van enkele bedrijfstypen de spreiding in de inkomens en de ontwikkeling van vermogen en investeringen uiteengezet. Voor de gehele land- en tuinbouw wordt voor 2008 de productiewaarde, de netto toegevoegde waarde en het inkomen geraamd. This report provides an overview of the economic results realised by various types of farms as well as the overall agricultural and horticultural sector. Estimates are presented of the results realised in 2008 for various types of farms. In addition, an analysis is presented of the results realised until 2007 for groups of farms from the Bedrijven-Informatienet (Farm Accountancy Data Network). For example, the production, costs, profitability and income are presented for livestock farms, arable farms and horticultural holdings. For some types of farms, the fluctuations in income and the changes in capital and investments over time are also described. The production value, the net added value, and the income over 2008 are also estimated for the overall agricultural and horticultural sector

Boskoop en Bollenstreek. Hoe innig is de samenwerking

In het kader van de streekplanherziening Zuid-Holland Oost is in opdracht van de provincie Zuid-Holland onderzoek gedaan naar de autonome ontwikkeling van het boomteeltcomplex Boskoop en de interacties met het bloembollencomplex 'De Bollenstreek'. Om het belang van het boomteeltcomplex binnen het sierteeltcomplex Zuid-Holland te duiden zijn ook de interacties met de bloemisterij in kaart gebracht. De interacties tussen Boskoop en de Bollenstreek blijven beperkt tot een gecombineerde afzet van bloembollen en een beperkt assortiment boomteeltproducten, met name vaste planten. Mede door het groeiende belang van de bloemenveilingen in de afzet van boomteeltproducten en de toenemende vraag naar visueel aantrekkelijke boomteeltproducten is de interactie tussen Boskoop en het bloemisterijcomplex Zuid-Holland veel sterker. Vanwege de aanwezigheid van een groot assortiment aan boomteeltproducten, de beschikbaarheid van veel kennis en vakmanschap, korte transportlijnen naar de veilingen en de centrale ligging heeft Boskoop een belangrijke meerwaarde binnen het sierteeltcomplex Zuid-Holland

The effect of the apolipoprotein E phenotype on plasma lipids is not influenced by environmental variability: results of a Dutch twin study

We tested the influence of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism on the intrapair differences in the levels of plasma cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, apoB and apoE in monozygotic (MZ) twins, and estimated whether or not there was a interaction between the apoE polymorphism and environmental factors. In 65 MZ twin pairs, the intrapair differences in the measured lipoprotein parameters were similar in the different apoE phenotype classes. This indicates that the effect of the apoE polymorphism is not influenced by environmental variability between the MZ pair members and accordingly identifies the APOE gene as a "level" gene. © 1993 Springer-Verlag

Imaging dielectric relaxation in nanostructured polymers by frequency modulation electrostatic force microscopy

We have developed a method for imaging the temperature-frequency dependence of the dynamics of nanostructured polymer films with spatial resolution. This method provides images with dielectric compositional contrast well decoupled from topography. Using frequency-modulation electrostatic-force-microscopy, we probe the local frequency-dependent (0.1–100 Hz) dielectric response through measurement of the amplitude and phase of the force gradient in response to an oscillating applied electric field. When the phase is imaged at fixed frequency, it reveals the spatial variation in dielectric losses, i.e., the spatial variation in molecular/dipolar dynamics, with 40 nm lateral resolution. This is demonstrated by using as a model system; a phase separated polystyrene/polyvinyl-acetate (PVAc) blend. We show that nanoscale dynamic domains of PVAc are clearly identifiable in phase images as those which light-up in a band of temperature, reflecting the variations in the molecular/dipolar dynamics approaching the glass transition temperature of PVAc

Actuele ontwikkeling van resultaten en inkomens in de land- en tuinbouw in 2011

De Nederlandse land- en tuinbouw behaalt in 2011 een lager inkomensresultaat dan in voorgaand jaar. Binnen de agrarische sector zijn de verschillen dit jaar erg groot

Actuele ontwikkeling van resultaten en inkomens in de land- en tuinbouw in 2009

Dit rapport geeft zicht op het economisch resultaat van agrarische bedrijfstypen en van de gehele land- en tuinbouw. Voor diverse typen worden ramingen van de resultaten in 2009 gepresenteerd. Daarnaast wordt een analyse gegeven van de uitkomsten van groepen bedrijven uit het Bedrijven-Informatienet tot 2008. Zo worden van bedrijven in de veehouderij, akkerbouw en tuinbouw de opbrengsten, kosten, rentabiliteit en inkomen gepresenteerd. Ook wordt van enkele bedrijfstypen de spreiding in de inkomens en de ontwikkeling van vermogen en investeringen uiteengezet. Voor de gehele land- en tuinbouw wordt voor 2009 de productiewaarde, de netto toegevoegde waarde en het inkomen geraamd

Introgressive hybridization and the evolutionary history of the herring gull complex revealed by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Based on extensive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data, we previously showed that the model of speciation among species of herring gull (<it>Larus argentatus</it>) complex was not that of a ring species, but most likely due more complex speciation scenario's. We also found that two species, herring gull and glaucous gull (<it>L. hyperboreus</it>) displayed an unexpected biphyletic distribution of their mtDNA haplotypes. It was evident that mtDNA sequence data alone were far from sufficient to obtain a more accurate and detailed insight into the demographic processes that underlie speciation of this complex, and that extensive autosomal genetic analysis was warranted.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>For this reason, the present study focuses on the reconstruction of the phylogeographic history of a limited number of gull species by means of a combined approach of mtDNA sequence data and 230 autosomal amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) loci. At the species level, the mtDNA and AFLP genetic data were largely congruent. Not only for <it>argentatus </it>and <it>hyperboreus</it>, but also among a third species, great black-backed gull (<it>L. marinus</it>) we observed two distinct groups of mtDNA sequence haplotypes. Based on the AFLP data we were also able to detect distinct genetic subgroups among the various <it>argentatus</it>, <it>hyperboreus</it>, and <it>marinus </it>populations, supporting our initial hypothesis that complex demographic scenario's underlie speciation in the herring gull complex.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We present evidence that for each of these three biphyletic gull species, extensive mtDNA introgression could have taken place among the various geographically distinct subpopulations, or even among current species. Moreover, based on a large number of autosomal AFLP loci, we found evidence for distinct and complex demographic scenario's for each of the three species we studied. A more refined insight into the exact phylogeographic history within the herring gull complex is still impossible, and requires detailed autosomal sequence information, a topic of our future studies.</p

Proportioning whole-genome single-nucleotide-polymorphism diversity for the identification of geographic population structure and genetic ancestry

The identification of geographic population structure and genetic ancestry on the basis of a minimal set of genetic markers is desirable for a wide range of applications in medical and forensic sciences. However, the absence of sharp discontinuities in the neutral genetic diversity among human populations implies that, in practice, a large number of neutral markers will be required to identify the genetic ancestry of one individual. We showed that it is possible to reduce the amount of markers required for detecting continental population structure to only 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), by applying a newly developed ascertainment algorithm to Affymetrix GeneChip Mapping 10K SNP array data that we obtained from samples of globally dispersed human individuals (the Y Chromosome Consortium panel). Furthermore, this set of SNPs was able to recover the genetic ancestry of individuals from all four continents represented in the original data set when applied to an independent, much larger, worldwide population data set (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain-Human Genome Diversity Project Cell Line Panel). Finally, we provide evidence that the unusual patterns of genetic variation we observed at the respective genomic regions surrounding the five most informative SNPs is in agreement with local positive selection being the explanation for the striking SNP allele-frequency differences we found between continental groups of human populations