A Arte de construir: a Arquitetura nas Cantigas de Santa Maria do rei Afonso X. Bárbara Dantas. Vila Velha: Balsamum Editora, 2018. ISBN 978-85-54306-00-7

Obra ressenyada: X. BÁRBARA DANTAS, A Arte de construir: a Arquitetura nas Cantigas de Santa Maria do rei Afonso. Vila Velha: Balsamum Editora, 2018

A Arte de construir: a Arquitetura nas Cantigas de Santa Maria do rei Afonso X. Bárbara Dantas. Vila Velha: Balsamum Editora, 2018. ISBN 978-85-54306-00-7

Obra ressenyada: X. BÁRBARA DANTAS, A Arte de construir: a Arquitetura nas Cantigas de Santa Maria do rei Afonso. Vila Velha: Balsamum Editora, 2018

The phenomenon of pilgrimages to Marian Sanctuaries

By centuries pilgrimages are present in Christianity. For Catholics, the importance of devotions and visits to the Marian sanctuaries is indisputable. The number of visitors and pilgrims to these temples makes the local economy an important destination for religious tourism. In order to understand the economic determinants of religious tourism, two sanctuaries were studied, namely, Aparecida (Brazil) and Fatima (Portugal). Given the large collection of statistical information of the Portuguese Sanctuary, it was verified through the Vector Autoregressive model that Gross Domestic Product and Unemployment cause unidirectional the pilgrimages. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag model revealed that the increase in Gross Domestic Product and international arrivals in the short term positively impacts the number of pilgrims. Through the Ordinary Least Squares regression, significant statistical relationships between climatic factors (rain volume and average temperature) and visitors in the Sanctuary of Fatima were found. The Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average forecast method was applied to the number of monthly visitors to the Sanctuary of Aparecida and to the number of pilgrims in the Sanctuary of Fatima, the results show a strong seasonality and that the first and last months of the year are periods of low demand. The results of this study allow a new look at religious tourism in the Marian context, the empirical results allow those responsible for establishing public policies, tourism agents and the administration of the Sanctuaries to direct yours actions. Measures planned and executed jointly between the various agents can benefit residents, visitors, pilgrims, the tourism sector and the Sanctuaries themselves.Há séculos as peregrinações estão presentes no cristianismo. Para os católicos é indiscutível a importância das devoções e visitações aos Santuários marianos. O número de pessoas que visitam e peregrinam a esses espaços influenciam a economia local. Para compreeder os determinantes economicos do turismo religioso mariano foram estudados dois Santuários, nomeadamente, Aparecida (Brasil) e Fátima (Portugal). Dado o grande acervo de informações estatísticas do santuário português, verificou-se, através do modelo Vector Autoregressive, que o Produto Interno Bruto e o Desemprego influenciam unidirecionalmente as peregrinações. O modelo Autoregressive Distributed Lag revelou que o aumento do Produto Interno Bruto e das chegadas internacionais no curto prazo impactam positivamente o número de peregrinos. Por meio da regressão Ordinary Least Squares foram encontradas relações estatísticas significantes entre fatores climáticos (volume de chuva e temperatura média) e visitantes no Santuário de Fátima. O método de previsão Sazonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average foi aplicado nas séries (i) número de visitantes mensais do Santuário de Aparecida; e (ii) número de peregrinos no Santuário de Fátima. Os resultados revelam uma forte sazonalidade e que os primeiros e últimos meses do ano são os períodos de baixa procura. Os resultados deste estudo permitem um novo olhar para o turismo religioso no contexto mariano, os resultados empíricos permitem que os responsáveis por estabelecerem políticas públicas, agentes do turismo e a administração dos Santuários direcionem suas ações. Ações planejadas e executadas em conjunto entre os diversos agentes podem beneficiar os residentes, visitantes, peregrinos, o setor do turismo e os próprios Santuários

new evidence using firm and country variables

The literature on capital structure determinants is extensive, so contributing to the field with both new variables that authors generally haven’t thought about to a geography that is not known as much as the United States and Europe seemed a good idea. The region has many specificities, especially at the institutional and macroeconomy level. Results show that the coefficients signs of Profitability and Tangibility are the same as the rest of the world, but we a higher magnitude. An ambiguity before, inflation indeed negatively affects leverage. Also, the more developed the financial environment, the higher the leverage

The determinants of capital structure in Latin America: new evidence using firm and country variables

The literature on capital structure determinants is extensive, so contributing to the field with both new variables that authors generally haven’t thought about to a geography that is not known as much as the United States and Europe seemed a good idea. The region has many specificities, especially at the institutional and macroeconomy level. Results show that the coefficients signs of Profitability and Tangibility are the same as the rest of the world, but we a higher magnitude. An ambiguity before, inflation indeed negatively affects leverage. Also, the more developed the financial environment, the higher the leverage

A global desert : plague, rural knowledge, and epidemiological reasoning in the Brazilian backlands (1939–1965)

Funding: The funder for this chapter is Wellcome Trust (grant ID 217988/Z/19/Z) for the project “The Global War Against the Rat and the Epistemic Emergence of Zoonosis”.The backlands are a semi-arid region of Brazil, where plague became endemic from the 1930s. The chapter follows the construction of opposing explanations for plague endemicity in this region by the Chilean doctor Atilio Macchiavello in 1939–1940 and the Argentinian doctor José Maria de la Barrera in 1957–1958. To Macchiavello, the endemicity was tied to the rat–flea complex, whereas to de la Barrera, wild rodents were the real reservoir of plague from which rats became infected. The chapter argues that both experts considered that the backlands’ semi-arid characteristics explained plague endemicity, as the recurrent droughts forced contact between humans, rats, and wild rodents. Moreover, it argues that these epidemiological explanations were constructed only thanks to interactions between the foreign experts with Brazilian doctors and with backlands rural communities. By showing the backlands and their rural communities as central to produce rural disease knowledge, the chapter defuses a pervasive perception seeing this region as backward and isolated from Brazil and the rest of the world, a position that gained force after the publication of Euclides da Cunha’s 1902 book Rebellion in the Backlands