Atualidade no tratamento das queloides: uma revisão de literatura / Current treatment of keloids: a literature review

A queloide é uma proliferação tumoral benigna que surge após lesão da derme. Sendo uma doença que promove dor e alterações psicossociais existem diferentes técnicas terapêuticas para tentar melhorar a sua evolução. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho é compreender as formas terapêuticas clínicas e cirúrgicas disponíveis no mercado. Isso através de revisão de literatura sistemática dos últimos cinco anos, apresentando como resultados a grande variabilidade dos tratamentos, sejam eles tópicos ou cirúrgicos. Assim, é sabido que as injeções intralesionais de esteroides são eficazes, assim como a aplicação de triancinolona na prevenção de recorrência pós-excisão cirúrgica das queloides

CARACTERÍSTICAS DO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA

Introdução: O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma doença neurológica, que o indivíduo apresenta problemas de comunicação, dificuldade de integração na sociedade, seus primeiros sintomas aparecem antes dos três anos de idade, não há cura para essa doença, o tratamento precoce pode amenizar os sintomas. Uma pesquisa realizada em 2016 pela USP registrou que cerca de 2 milhões de brasileiros são autistas, porém existem milhões de pessoas que ainda não foram diagnosticadas ou não recebem tratamentos adequados. Ainda não existe nenhuma evidência exata das causas do autismo, mas possuem teorias que podem influenciar como, as pessoas autistas terem herdado genes com mutações, o uso de medicamentos no pré-natal, a idade dos pais na concepção, nascimento prematuro, entre outros. Objetivos: Apresentar os conhecimentos adquiridos por meio de pesquisas, para maior entendimento da sociedade sobre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista, a importância do tratamento precoce, os problemas enfrentados pelos indivíduos, principalmente crianças, adolescentes e seus responsáveis. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa de maneira qualitativa, por meio de revisão de literatura e procura de materiais em plataformas digitais. Tal pesquisa foi desenvolvida em cima de artigos científicos publicados nas seguintes bases de dados: Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Considerações: Sugere-se que o tratamento comece mais precocemente possível, sendo que é necessário observar atentamente os sinais, sendo os mais comuns: aos seis meses o bebê tem dificuldades em se expressar, pouco contato ocular e não sorri com facilidade; aos nove meses de idade, se a criança não balbucia, não olha na direção que o adulto aponta e não olha quando é chamado; aos doze meses se a criança não emite nenhum balbucio, não usa gestos e não fala papai ou mamãe. Os sintomas clínicos mais frequentes de um paciente com TEA são os transtornos de déficit de atenção, transtornos compulsivos, fobias, alterações sensoriais, patologias genéticas, transtornos alimentares, entre outras manifestações. Quando um paciente com TEA se depara com a adolescência começa uma etapa muito difícil, pois é nesse momento que se inicia as mudanças no corpo devida a puberdade, a necessidade de se agrupar aos outros adolescentes, nesse período a família tem que dar suporte e apoio

Qualidade de vida de pacientes com vitiligo atendidos em um centro de referência de dermatologia em Município no Norte do país / Quality of life of patients with vitiligo treatedat a dermatology reference center in a municipality in the North of the country

Introdução: O vitiligo é uma doença cutânea crônica que afeta certa de 1 a 2% da população mundial, acometendo pessoas de qualquer sexo, idade e etnia.Esta doença pode afetar a qualidade de vida (QoL) do paciente e em vista disso, diversos instrumentos foram elaborados para avaliar o impacto na vida dessas pessoas, sendo o DLQI em adultos o mais utilizado. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com vitiligo atendidos em um centro de referência de dermatologia em município no Norte do país, demonstrar as características demográficas da população estudada, identificar a topografia das lesões cutâneas e o tempo de evolução da doença. Metodologia:Foi conduzido um estudo analítico com delineamento transversal cuja amostra foi de 21 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, a partir de 18 anos e com vitiligo. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do questionário DLQI. Resultados:Observou-se predomínio do sexo feminino (71%), de pacientes com idade entre 47 e 56 anos (38,1%), cor parda (81%), procedentes de Belém-PA (76,2%) e com ensino fundamental (47,6%). A maioria foi diagnosticada há cinco anos (47,6%), e todos realizaram o tratamento da doença (100%). A maioria apresentou lesões nos membros (90,5%). O escore médio no DLQI foi de 5,1, sendo sintomas e sentimentos o domínio mais impactado e o trabalho ou escola o menos afetado pela doença. Conclusão: O vitiligo teve leve impacto na vida dos pacientes estudados, porém ainda assim, observou-se comprometimento de aspectos como as relações interpessoais e autoestima

Transcriptional Analysis of Murine Macrophages Infected with Different Toxoplasma Strains Identifies Novel Regulation of Host Signaling Pathways

Most isolates of Toxoplasma from Europe and North America fall into one of three genetically distinct clonal lineages, the type I, II and III lineages. However, in South America these strains are rarely isolated and instead a great variety of other strains are found. T. gondii strains differ widely in a number of phenotypes in mice, such as virulence, persistence, oral infectivity, migratory capacity, induction of cytokine expression and modulation of host gene expression. The outcome of toxoplasmosis in patients is also variable and we hypothesize that, besides host and environmental factors, the genotype of the parasite strain plays a major role. The molecular basis for these differences in pathogenesis, especially in strains other than the clonal lineages, remains largely unexplored. Macrophages play an essential role in the early immune response against T. gondii and are also the cell type preferentially infected in vivo. To determine if non-canonical Toxoplasma strains have unique interactions with the host cell, we infected murine macrophages with 29 different Toxoplasma strains, representing global diversity, and used RNA-sequencing to determine host and parasite transcriptomes. We identified large differences between strains in the expression level of known parasite effectors and large chromosomal structural variation in some strains. We also identified novel strain-specifically regulated host pathways, including the regulation of the type I interferon response by some atypical strains. IFNβ production by infected cells was associated with parasite killing, independent of interferon gamma activation, and dependent on endosomal Toll-like receptors in macrophages and the cytoplasmic receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) in fibroblasts.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (R01-AI080621)New England Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases (Developmental Grant AIO57159)Pew Charitable Trusts (Biomedical Scholars Program)Robert A. Swanson Career Development awardThe Knights Templar Eye Foundation, Inc.Pre-Doctoral Grant in the Biological Sciences (5-T32-GM007287-33)Cleo and Paul Schimmel Foundatio

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2012: volume 7: educação inclusiva

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora