Reducing the Highway Networks Energy Bills using Renewable Energy System

Jordan has significant renewable energy potential due to its remarkable geographical location and climate conditions. This potential elevates engaging several innovative renewable alternatives in energy development, which may efficiently minimize the excessive import of traditional energy sources. The objective of this research is to study the potential of utilizing clean and affordable solar energy along roadways such as Jordan’s Desert Highway-15 to be in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDG’s) by installing selected solar panels that possess adequate friction and the ability to allow solar radiation to reach the solar cells, in addition to allowing the load to be bypassed around the cells. The shoulder of the highway, with a length of 315 km and a width of 3.0 meters, has been exploited in order to supply the neighboring areas with energy for those roads, particularly those paved roads, which are poorly lit at night. Furthermore, this study provides direction and guidance concerning the structural performance of non-traditional pavement materials, which are a form of subgrade or pavement reinforcement. The performance of a prototype board on a variety of structural bases has also been evaluated. Overall, this paper found that it is possible to design a solar road panel to withstand traffic loading and that the concrete structural base allows for a significant improvement of the analyzed prototype design, especially in countries with limited energy sources and dependent on imports such as Jordan. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-019 Full Text: PD

The Effectiveness of Rational Emotional Behavioral Counseling Program in Improving the Feelings of Loss and Future Anxiety in a Sample of Widowed Women فاعلية برنامج إرشادي عقلاني انفعالي سلوكي في تحسين مشاعر الفقدان وقلق المستقبل لدى عينة من النساء الأرامل

Abstract: This study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of rational emotional behavioral counseling program in improving the quality of life, feelings of loss and future anxiety among widowed women. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers used the feelings of loss scale, the scale of future anxiety, and the program according to theory of the rational emotional behavioral therapy. The study sample consisted of (30) widowed women that were distributed equally in two groups; a control group which did not undergo to a rational emotional behavioral program and an experimental group, which underwent the program. The results of the study showed that the level of feelings of loss was moderate, and the level of future anxiety was high. The results also indicated that there were differences in the domains of the feelings of loss scale, and the scale as a whole, and in the domains of the future anxiety scale, and the scale as a whole between the experimental and control groups, in favor of the experimental group. This indicates that counseling program contributed to reduce the feelings of loss and future anxiety in widowed women. ملخص: هدفت هذه الدراسة الكشف عن فاعلية برنامج إرشادي عقلاني انفعالي سلوكي في خفض مشاعر الفقدان وقلق المستقبل لدى النساء الأرامل. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة, تم استخدام مقياس مشاعر الفقدان, ومقياس قلق المستقبل, كما تم تصميم البرنامج الإرشادي تبعاً لنظرية العلاج العقلاني الانفعالي السلوكي. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (30) امرأة أرملة, وتم توزيعهن بالتساوي في مجموعتين؛ مجموعة ضابطة لم تخضع لبرنامج العلاج العقلاني الانفعالي السلوكي, ومجموعة تجريبية, خضعت للبرنامج. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن مستوى مشاعر الفقدان‏ لدى النساء الأرامل جاء متوسطاً, ومستوى قلق المستقبل جاء مرتفعاً, وبينت النتائج وجود فروق في مجالات مقياس مشاعر الفقدان, والمقياس ككل, وفي مجالات مقياس قلق المستقبل, والمقياس ككل‏ بين المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة, لصالح المجموعة التجريبية؛ مما يدل على أن البرنامج الإرشادي أسهم في الحد من مشاعر الفقدان وقلق المستقبل لدى النساء الأرامل

The Degree of Commitment of School Principals to Professional Ethics from the Point of View of Secondary School Teachers and Students in the Directorate of Education of Bani Obaid District in Irbid Governorate درجة التزام مديرات المدارس بأخلاقيات المهنة من وجهة نظر معلمات وطالبات المدارس الثانوية في مديرية تربية لواء بني عبيد بمحافظة اربد

Abstract: The study aimed to identify the degree of commitment of school principals to the ethics of the profession from the point of view of secondary school teachers and students in the Directorate of Education of the Bani Obaid District in Irbid Governorate. The study was based on the descriptive survey methodology. Two questionnaires were built to measure the degree of commitment of secondary school principals to professional ethics. The studsample consisted of (49) teachers and (379) female students. The results showed that the degree of commitment of school principals to the ethics of the profession from the teachers point of view was high. The degree of commitment of school principals to the ethics of the profession from the students ’point of view was high. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences in the degree of commitment of school principals to the ethics of the profession from the point of view of (female and male students), in favor of female teachers. ملخص: هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى درجة التزام مديرات المدارس بأخلاقيات المهنة من وجهة نظر معلمات المدارس الثانوية وطالباتها في مديرية تربية لواء بني عبيد بمحافظة اربد، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وتم بناء إستبانتين لقياس درجة التزام مديرات المدارس الثانوية باخلاقيات المهنة، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (49) معلمة، و(379) طالبة، وأظهرت النتائج أن درجة التزام مديرات المدارس بأخلاقيات المهنة من وجهة نظر المعلمات جاءت مرتفعة؛ ودرجة التزام مديرات المدارس بأخلاقيات المهنة من وجهة نظر الطالبات جاءت مرتفعة؛ وكشفت النتائج عن وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في درجة التزام مديرات المدارس بأخلاقيات المهنة من وجهة نظر (المعلمات والطالبات)، وجاءت لصالح المعلمات

Emergent situations for smart cities: A survey

A smart city is a community that uses communication and information technology to improve sustainability, livability, and feasibility. As any community, there are always unexpected emergencies, which must be treated to preserve the regular order. However, a smart system is needed to be able to respond effectively to these emergent situations. The contribution made in this survey is twofold. Firstly, it provides a comprehensive exhaustive and categorized overview of the existing surveys for smart cities.  The categorization is based on several criteria such as structures, benefits, advantages, applications, challenges, issues, and future directions. Secondly, it aims to analyze several studies with respect to emergent situations and management to smart cities. The analysis is based on several factors such as the challenges and issues discussed, the solutions proposed, and opportunities for future research. The challenges include security, privacy, reliability, performance, scalability, heterogeneity, scheduling, resource management, and latency. Few studies have investigated the emergent situations of smart cities and despite the importance of latency factor for smart city applications, it is rarely discussed

Elevated seminal protein carbonyl concentration is correlated with asthenozoospermia and affects adversely the laboratory intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes

Elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the semen can lead to oxidative protein damage as they react with the amino acids' side chains in the protein, leading to the generation of carbonyl groups. This study aimed to investigate the effect of protein carbonyl (PC) concentration on sperm motility and the laboratory intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. A total of 150 couples from the ICSI cycle were enrolled in this study and were divided into three groups (G) according to the PC concentration as following, G1 included samples with PC concentrations <0.65 nmol/mg, G2 included samples with 0.65≤PC≤2.23 nmol/mg and G3 included samples with PC>2.23 (nmol/mg). PC concentrations were measured in all semen samples, and the laboratory ICSI outcomes were evaluated for all injected oocytes. The Kruskal–Wallis p-values for the differences in the medians of sperm motility, fertilisation rate, embryo cleavage score and embryo quality score were <0.05. Furthermore, Dunn's post hoc test showed a significant difference between all groups, p-values <0.05, except for the medians of embryo quality score between G2 and G3. In conclusion, our results showed that sperm motility and laboratory ICSI outcomes are affected negatively by higher concentrations of PC in the semen