Tourism income and economic growth in Greece: Empirical evidence from their cyclical components

This paper examines the relationship between the cyclical components of Greek GDP and international tourism income for Greece for the period 1976–2004. Using spectral analysis the authors find that cyclical fluctuations of GDP have a length of about nine years and that international tourism income has a cycle of about seven years. The volatility of tourism income is more than eight times the volatility of the Greek GDP cycle. VAR analysis shows that the cyclical component of tourism income is significantly influencing the cyclical component of GDP in Greece. The findings support the tourism-led economic growth hypothesis and are of particular interest and importance to policy makers, financial analysts and investors dealing with the Greek tourism industry

Esthetic outcomes after immediate and late implant loading for a single missing tooth in the anterior maxilla

Objective: This study compared the esthetic outcomes of 1‑year follow‑up of immediate and late implant loading after implant restoration of a single tooth in the anterior maxilla.Materials and Methods: A total of 33 patients with missing teeth in the anterior maxilla (Central = 8/lateral = 22/canine = 3) were enrolled in this study (18 immediate loading and 15 late loading). At after cementation, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months photographs were taken of anterior maxilla. The photographs were assessed using pink esthetic score (PES) which consists of seven variables. All PES data were analyzed with independent sample t‑tests and repeated measures ANOVAs.Results: PES values increased significantly in both groups at the 1‑year follow‑up (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the immediate and late loading groups at any time point (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, immediate loading did not have a negative effect on esthetics.Keywords: Esthetic success, loading protocols, pink esthetic scor

Esthetic outcomes after immediate and late implant loading for a single missing tooth in the anterior maxilla.

Objective: This study compared the esthetic outcomes of 1‑year follow‑up of immediate and late implant loading after implant restoration of a single tooth in the anterior maxilla.Materials and Methods: A total of 33 patients with missing teeth in the anterior maxilla (Central = 8/lateral = 22/canine = 3) were enrolled in this study (18 immediate loading and 15 late loading). At after cementation, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months photographs were taken of anterior maxilla. The photographs were assessed using pink esthetic score (PES) which consists of seven variables. All PES data were analyzed with independent sample t‑tests and repeated measures ANOVAs.Results: PES values increased significantly in both groups at the 1‑year follow‑up (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the immediate and late loading groups at any time point (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, immediate loading did not have a negative effect on esthetics.Keywords: Esthetic success, loading protocols, pink esthetic scor

Production of a Piece of Custom-Made Abutment Screwdriver: Technique and Case Report.

Crown fractures, framework fractures, and abutment screw loosening or screw fracture are examples of mechanical implant failures. Abutment screw loosening is a serious problem that can result in abutment screw fractures. This clinical report describes the production method of a custom-made abutment screwdriver piece for a patient with abutment screw loosening

Effects of Finger Pressure Applied By Dentists during Cementation of All-Ceramic Crowns.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the finger pressure applied by dentists during cementation and to examine the effect of gender and time of day on finger pressure. METHODS: Fifteen dentists (9 males, 6 females) formed a study group and 10 master dies in premolar shape and Turcom Cera all-ceramic crowns were prepared to measure the maximum finger pressure applied by dentists during cementation. The dentists performed a total of 300 cementation processes. One-way analysis of variance and independent t tests were used to evaluate the results. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found in the amount of pressure applied during cementation (P<.005). However, there was no significant difference for time of day or gender according to one-way analysis of variance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that finger pressure varies by dentist. For this reason, the optimum pressure should be determined exactly. Special equipment or an apparatus could be developed to apply that pressure

Case Report

Crown fractures, framework fractures, and abutment screw loosening or screw fracture are examples of mechanical implant failures. Abutment screw loosening is a serious problem that can result in abutment screw fractures. This clinical report describes the production method of a custom-made abutment screwdriver piece for a patient with abutment screw loosening.C1 [Kocaagaoglu, Hasan; Sahin, Sezgi Cinel] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Dent Prosthodont, Denizli, Turkey.[Albayrak, Haydar; Tasdemir, Zekeriya] Erciyes Univ, Fac Dent Prosthodont, Kayseri, Turkey.[Zortuk, Mustafa] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Fac Dent Prosthodont, Antakya, Turkey