Effect of crystalline and amorphic phenol on characteristics of peptidases and glycosidases in chironomid larvae

The effects of crystalline and amorphous phenol (0.5 mmol/L) on the characteristics of glycosidases, as well as casein-lytic and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases, which function in the whole body of chironomid larvae Chironomus sp. were studied. Crystalline phenol decreased the activity of glycosidases in comparison to the control in the temperature range 0–50 ºС, amorphous phenol – in the temperature range 0–70 ºС. The temperature optimum of glycosidases in whole body of chironomid larvae in control and experiment corresponds to 50 ºС. The activity of glycosidases in comparison to the control decreased in the pH range 5–11 (to a greater extent in the case of the lower fraction). Amorphous phenol increased the activity of casein-lytic peptidases in comparison to the control in the temperature range of 30–50 ºС, hemoglobin-lytic peptidases – in the temperature range of 0–60 ºС. The degree of the increase of enzyme activity in the temperature optimum zone of casein-lytic and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases was different: the level of enzyme activity in the experiment was higher than in the control by 2.3 and 1.8 times, respectively. The temperature optimum of the studied peptidases of chironomid larvae, regardless of the experimental conditions, corresponds to 40 °C. Crystalline phenol did not actually affect the Q10 values of glycosidases in the temperature range 0–50 °C. Amorphous phenol decreased the Q10 values at a temperature of 40–50 °C. The Q10 values of casein-lytic peptidases increased in most cases, the Q10 values of hemoglobin-lytic peptidases decreased in the presence of amorphous phenol. The process of protein hydrolysis was characterized by a break in the Arrhenius plot at 20 °C. The values of Еact in the range 0–20 °С were lower than in the zone of higher temperatures. The Еact values of the process of casein hydrolysis by peptidases of all tissues of chironomid larvae in the presence of amorphous phenol in both temperature zones increased. The Еact values of the process of hemoglobin hydrolysis by peptidases of all tissues of chironomid larvae in the presence of amorphous phenol in both temperature zones decreased. The Еact values of the process of starch hydrolysis in the presence of crystalline phenol decreased. The amorphous phenol changed the Еact values in different directions. They slightly increased in the presence of the phenol upper fraction, but they decreased in the presence of the phenol lower fraction. The data obtained indicate a significant effect of crystalline and amorphous phenol not only on activity, but also on the characteristics of peptidases and glycosidases that function in the whole body of chironomid larvae

LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AS A PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY FACTOR

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar el factor de eficiencia y la productividad laboral. En gran medida, el nivel de productividad laboral creció debido a la intensificación de la producción. Al mismo tiempo, según Rosstat, en agricultura, silvicultura y pesca solo hay un 8% de empleos altamente eficientes. Por lo tanto, el factor de intensificación de la producción se utiliza de manera insignificante. Es obvio que hay una necesidad de un componente innovador del crecimiento de la productividad laboral, por un lado, y la creación de nuevos empleos en las zonas rurales para los recursos laborales liberados, por otro lado. Aquí es necesario determinar los principales factores que afectan la productividad en las condiciones modernas, y justificar las propuestas para mejorarla.Of the goal of this investigation is to study the efficiency factor and labor productivity. To a large extent, the level of labor productivity grew due to the intensification of production. At the same time, according to Rosstat, in agriculture, forestry and fisheries there are only 8% of high-efficient jobs. Thus, the factor of production intensification is used insignificantly. It is obvious that there is a need for an innovative component of labor productivity growth on the one hand, and the creation of new jobs in rural areas for the released labor resources, on the other hand. Here it is necessary to determine the main factors affecting productivity in modern conditions, and to justify proposals to improve it.O objetivo desta investigação é estudar o fator de eficiência e a produtividade do trabalho. Em grande medida, o nível de produtividade do trabalho aumentou devido à intensificação da produção. Ao mesmo tempo, segundo Rosstat, na agricultura, silvicultura e pesca, existem apenas 8% dos empregos de alta eficiência. Assim, o fator de intensificação da produção é usado de forma insignificante. É óbvio que é necessário um componente inovador do crescimento da produtividade do trabalho, por um lado, e a criação de novos empregos nas áreas rurais para os recursos liberados, por outro. Aqui é necessário determinar os principais fatores que afetam a produtividade nas condições modernas e justificar propostas para melhorá- la

The genus Alchemilla L. In the flora of Sverdlovsk Region

Based on own authors' collections and revised collections in herbaria (SVER, UFU, LE, MW, NNSU), checklist of the genus Alchemilla for Sverdlovsk Region (Middle Urals) was compiled. Each species in the checklist was followed by a nomenclature reference, information on type, habitats, distribution in the region by its botanical-geographical areas. 62 species of Alchemilla were registered in the region. Seven species (A. cheirochlora, A. decalvans, A. filicaulis, A. glabricaulis, A. iremelica, A. pseudocalycina, A. tichomirovii) were revealed in the region flora for the first time. For three species (A. argutiserrata, A. sarmatica, A. submamillata) erroneously noted for this flora, the presence in the region was confirmed. A. filicaulis and A. exsculpta are new for Asian part of Russia. The presence of a true A. glabricaulis (as adventive species) was confirmed in the Asian part of Russia. Noted for trans-Urals endemic species A. gorodkovii had been placed to synonyms of east-european A. semilunaris and was listed under corresponding name. Among them, 57 species are found in the mountainous part of the region, 27 species of Alchemilla grow in the cis-Urals area, and 12 species in the eastern plain part of the region. Most of the Alchemilla-species complex of Sverdlovsk Region are plain-mountainous and plain species - 27 and 16 species respectively. Alchemillaspecies complex of the region includes 14 East European species, and 7 species associated with West European mountain systems, 27 species associated with Central Asian mountain systems (22 species of continuous and 5 of disjunctive ranges). As for soil moisture factor, mesophytes (17 species) prevail. Most of the species are the components of meadow (29 species), marginal-meadow (10 species) and meadow-steppe (5) communities. 18 species, distributed in the highlands of the Northern Urals, were attributed to the group of alpine-meadow species. An original key has been made to identify 62 Alchemilla-species, occurring in Sverdlovsk Region. © 2019 Altai State University. All rights reserved

Устойчивость никелевых промышленных катализаторов метанирования к воздействию органических абсорбентов удаления диоксида углерода из синтез-газа

We report the results of studies on the influences of the organic carbon dioxide absorbent – aqueous solution of activated methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) – on the physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of nickel-alumina catalyst NIAP-07-01 (NKM-1) and cement-containing catalysts NIAP-07-07 (NKM-7), Meth-134 and Meth-135 for the hydrogenation of carbon oxide (methanation). It is established that for the nickel-alumina and nickel-cement-containing catalysts subjected to activated methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) it’s possible to restore their strength and catalytic properties. In order to increase the time of operation of the methanator it is recommended to apply a new Nickel cement-containing catalyst NIAP-07-07 (NKM-7), which can be produced as tablets, rings or extrudates.Приведены результаты исследований воздействия органического абсорбента в виде водного раствора активированного метилдиэтаноламина (МДЭА), являющегося абсорбентом диоксида углерода при его удалении из азото-водородной смеси, на физико-химические и физико-механические характеристики никельалюминиевого марки НИАП-07-01 (НКМ-1) и цементсодержащих марки НИАП-07-07 (НКМ-7), Meth-134 и Meth-135 катализаторов гидрирования оксидов углерода (метанирования). Установлено, что никельалюминиевые и никельцементсодержащие катализаторы, подвергнутые воздействию активированного метилдиэтаноламина (МДЭА), восстанавливают свои прочностные и каталитические свойства. Для увеличения времени эксплуатации метанатора рекомендуется применять новый никелевый цементсодержащий катализатор марки НИАП-07-07 (НКМ-7), который может изготавливаться в виде таблеток, колец или экструдатов

Whole exome sequencing links dental tumor to an autosomal-dominant mutation in ANO5 gene associated with gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia and muscle dystrophies

Tumors of the jaws may represent different human disorders and frequently associate with pathologic bone fractures. In this report, we analyzed two affected siblings from a family of Russian origin, with a history of dental tumors of the jaws, in correspondence to original clinical diagnosis of cementoma consistent with gigantiform cementoma (GC, OMIM: 137575). Whole exome sequencing revealed the heterozygous missense mutation c.1067G \u3e A (p.Cys356Tyr) in ANO5 gene in these patients. To date, autosomal-dominant mutations have been described in the ANO5 gene for gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD, OMIM: 166260), and multiple recessive mutations have been described in the gene for muscle dystrophies (OMIM: 613319, 611307); the same amino acid (Cys) at the position 356 is mutated in GDD. These genetic data and similar clinical phenotypes demonstrate that the GC and GDD likely represent the same type of bone pathology. Our data illustrate the significance of mutations in single amino-acid position for particular bone tissue pathology. Modifying role of genetic variations in another gene on the severity of the monogenic trait pathology is also suggested. Finally, we propose the model explaining the tissue-specific manifestation of clinically distant bone and muscle diseases linked to mutations in one gene

Устойчивость никелевых промышленных катализаторов метанирования к воздействию органических абсорбентов удаления диоксида углерода из синтез-газа

Received: 16.06.2017; accepted: 06.09.2017; published: 20.10.2017.Поступило: 16.06.2017; принято: 06.09.2017; опубликовано: 20.10.2017.We report the results of studies on the influences of the organic carbon dioxide absorbent – aqueous solution of activated methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) – on the physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of nickel-alumina catalyst NIAP-07-01 (NKM-1) and cement-containing catalysts NIAP-07-07 (NKM-7), Meth-134 and Meth-135 for the hydrogenation of carbon oxide (methanation). It is established that for the nickel-alumina and nickel-cementcontaining catalysts subjected to activated methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) it’s possible to restore their strength and catalytic properties. In order to increase the time of operation of the methanator it is recommended to apply a new Nickel cement-containing catalyst NIAP-07-07 (NKM-7), which can be produced as tablets, rings or extrudates.Приведены результаты исследований воздействия органического абсорбента в виде водного раствора активированного метилдиэтаноламина (МДЭА), являющегося абсорбентом диоксида углерода при его удалении из азото-водородной смеси, на физико-химические и физико-механические характеристики никельалюминиевого марки НИАП-07-01 (НКМ-1) и цемент-содержащих марки НИАП-07-07 (НКМ-7), Meth-134 и Meth-135 катализаторов гидрирования оксидов углерода (метанирования). Установлено, что никельалюминиевые и никельцементсодержащие катализаторы, подвергнутые воздействию активированного метилдиэтаноламина (МДЭА), восстанавливают свои прочностные и каталитические свойства. Для увеличения времени эксплуатации метанатора рекомендуется применять новый никелевый цементсодержащий катализатор марки НИАП-07-07 (НКМ-7), который может изготавливаться в виде таблеток, колец или экструдатов

Secondary Prevention and Quality of Life of Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease

Aim. To assess the quality of life of patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) initially and 12 months after drug and non-drug secondary prophylaxis according to clinical guidelines.Material and methods. 73 patients (57 men, 16 women) with confirmed stable coronary artery disease were included in the study, of which 44 patients described a clinic for angina pectoris of functional class I-IV. The study included 2 patient visits: an initial treatment visit (V0) and a repeat visit after 12 months (V2). At both visits, blood pressure (BP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), quality of life (QL) were assessed using SAQ (Seattle Angina Questionnaire), drug therapy. Compliance with 5 basic principles of prevention was also assessed, which included: (1) healthy lifestyle (healthy lifestyle) (rejection of bad habits (smoking), moderate physical activity, lowcholesterol and low-carb diet); (2) normalization of body weight; (3) optimal drug therapy (the frequency of taking medications was evaluated using the original questionnaire); (4) achievement of target values of LDL-c in the entire group; (5) blood pressure in hypertensive patients. During V0, if necessary, drug therapy was adjusted in accordance with clinical recommendations. During V2, 57 patients (47 men and 10 women) were examined. The response was 80.8%.Results. After 12 months of follow-up, a statistically significant improvement in exercise tolerance (p=0.003), angina stability index (p=0.045) and the frequency of stress angina attacks (p=0.003) was noted when assessing the median of QL indicators. After 12 months of follow-up, 59% of patients used optimal drug therapy, including 4 drugs according to clinical guidelines. A healthy lifestyle (regular physical activity and smoking cessation) was achieved in 20.4% after 12 months of follow-up, the target level of LDL-c ˂ 1.8 mmol/L was achieved in 44.5% of patients, and the target blood pressure was achieved in 74,6%. The achievement of all 5 principles of secondary prevention of coronary heart disease according to the results of the work carried out by the visit after 12 months of follow-up was revealed only in 7% of patients (4 patients), and the implementation of 4 principles of prevention was noted in a quarter of patients from the group (24.5%, n=14).Conclusions. With drug and non-drug secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in patients with stable CHD after a year of follow-up, a statistically significant increase in QL indicators was noted due to increased exercise tolerance and a decrease in the frequency of angina attacks. Nevertheless, the basic principles of prevention were fully implemented only in 7% of patients

Comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be mediated by shared genetic dysregulation and drug side effects

Zolotareva O, Saik OV, Königs C, et al. Comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be mediated by shared genetic dysregulation and drug side effects. Scientific Reports. 2019;9(1): 16302.Asthma and hypertension are complex diseases coinciding more frequently than expected by chance. Unraveling the mechanisms of comorbidity of asthma and hypertension is necessary for choosing the most appropriate treatment plan for patients with this comorbidity. Since both diseases have a strong genetic component in this article we aimed to find and study genes simultaneously associated with asthma and hypertension. We identified 330 shared genes and found that they form six modules on the interaction network. A strong overlap between genes associated with asthma and hypertension was found on the level of eQTL regulated genes and between targets of drugs relevant for asthma and hypertension. This suggests that the phenomenon of comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be explained by altered genetic regulation or result from drug side effects. In this work we also demonstrate that not only drug indications but also contraindications provide an important source of molecular evidence helpful to uncover disease mechanisms. These findings give a clue to the possible mechanisms of comorbidity and highlight the direction for future research

Активация наночастиц фталоцианина алюминия для локальной флуоресцентной спектроскопии в стоматологии

Early diagnosis of caries and tooth enamel microcracks is of great importance for preventing the destruction of healthy tooth enamel. Inorder to detect microcracks in the enamel and pathogenic microflora foci that can cause caries, nanoform of aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) can be used as a marker. In a colloidal solution, the nanoparticles do not fluoresce, unlike their molecular form. To convert the particle into its molecular form, it is necessary to have a solvent or specific environment (bacteria, macrophages, etc.). That is why the hydrophobic nanoparticles of aluminum phthalocyanine (nAlPc) can act as markers for detecting hidden pathogenic microflora during fluorescent diagnostics. Further reduction of the diagnosis time and increase the efficiency can be achieved by using biologically compatible surfactants as additional activators of nAlPc.In order to carry out local fluorescence spectroscopy of enamel microcracks and pathogenic microflora foci on the enamel surface, a model compound containing surfactants, auxiliary components and nAlPc colloid at a concentration of 10 mg/l was prepared.Studies on the interaction of the model compound with nAlPc and Protelan MST-35 with tooth enamel ex vivo have shown this surfactant to be a promising auxiliary activator of the nanoparticles, allowing conducting local fluorescence spectroscopy of the tooth enamel surface 3 min after application. In addition, statistical processing of the results showed the effectiveness of using the model compound for local fluorescence spectroscopy of the enamel surface in order to detect the enamel microcracks and the pathogenic microflora accumulation foci that can lead to the development of a cariogenic process.Для выявления микротрещин эмали и очагов скопления патогенной микрофлоры, которые могут стать причиной развития кариеса, в качестве маркера используется фталоцианин алюминия (AlPc) в виде наночастиц. В коллоидном растворе наночастицы не обладают собственной флуоресценцией, в отличие от молекулярной формы. Для перевода частицы в молекулярную форму необходимо присутствие растворителя или специфического окружения (бактерии, макрофаги и др.). Поэтому гидрофобные наночастицы фталоцианина алюминия (nAlPc) могут выступать в качестве маркера для обнаружения скрытых очагов скопления патогенной микрофлоры во время проведения флуоресцентной диагностики. Для сокращения времени диагностики и увеличения эффективности в качестве дополнительных активаторов nAlPc могут быть использованы биологически совместимые поверхностно-активные вещества (ПАВ).Для проведения локальной флуоресцентной спектроскопии микротрещин эмали и очагов скопления патогенной микрофлоры на поверхности эмали была приготовлена модельная смесь, содержащая ПАВ, вспомогательные компоненты и коллоида nAlPc в концентрации 10 мг/л.Исследования по взаимодействию модельной смеси с nAlPc и протеланом с эмалью зубов ex vivo показали перспективность использования этого ПАВ для дополнительной активации наночастиц, что позволяет проводить локальную флуоресцентную спектроскопию поверхности эмали зубов через 3 мин после нанесения. Также статистическая обработка результатов показала эффективность использования модельной смеси для локальной флуоресцентной спектроскопии поверхности эмали для выявления микротрещин эмали и очагов скопления патогенной микрофлоры, которая может привести к развитию кариесогенного процесса

Новые виды и наиболее интересные находки для флоры Урала и прилегающих территорий

The article provides information about rare and newly described species for the flora of the Urals and adjacent territories, namely: Astragalus saphronovae Kulikov, Atraphaxis decipiens Jaub. et Spach., Carex amgunensis F. Schmidt, Galium densiflorum Ledeb., Jovibarba globifera (L.) J. Parn., Najas minor All., Potamogeton nodosus Poir., Pseudorchis albida (L.) Á. Löve et D. Löve, Salix myrsinites L., Veronica agrestis L. Essays include the information on the species ecology and short taxonomic notes. © 2021 Altai State University. All rights reserved.The work was supported by the state assignments: АААА-А19-119031290052-1 “Sosudistye rasteniia Evrazii: sistematika, flora, rastitelʹnye resursy” [“Vascular plants of Eurasia: systematics, flora, plant resources”], АААА-А18-118011990151-7 “Izucheniye, sokhraneniye i rasshireniye bioraznoobraziya rasteniy v prirode i pri introduktsii na Yuzh nom Urale i Priuralye” [“Study, conservation and expansion of plant biodiversity in nature and during introduction in the Southern Urals and the Cis- and Trans-Urals region”], AAAA-A17-117050400146-5 “Otsenka prostranstvennovremennoy izmenchivosti bioraznoobraziya i usloviy yego formirovaniya na Severe Zapadnoy Sibiri v svyazi s izmeneniyem klimata i osvoyeniyem neftegazovykh resursov” [“Assessment of the spatio-temporal variability of biodiversity and the conditions for its formation in the north of Western Siberia in connection with climate change and the development of oil and gas resources”], and by “Programmoy povysheniya konkurentosposobnosti Uralskogo federalnogo universiteta” [“The program for improving the competitiveness of the Ural Federal University”] (the decree no. 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation, contract no. 02.A03.21.0006)