A sejtes immunválasz laboratóriumi vizsgálata és diagnosztikai értéke női reproduktív problémákban

A nőket érintő reproduktív problémák, az ismétlődő spontán vetélések, vagy sikertelen mesterséges megtermékenyítések ma az egész világon előforduló jelenségek. A sikertelenség hátterében egyaránt feltételezhetünk genetikai, anatómiai, immunológiai, endokrinológiai és számtalan egyéb okot is, azonban az egyik leggyakrabban előforduló ok alloimmun eredetű. Ennek alapját az az elmélet képezi, mely szerint a magzat szemiallograft, vagyis az anya a magzatot – mely génjeit 50%-ban az apától örökli – idegenként ismeri fel. A terhességet megváltozott anyai immunválasz jellemzi, melynek eredményeképpen az anya magzatot 9 hónapig tolerálja annak ellenére, hogy számára idegen antigéneket hordoz. Munkám során a celluláris immunválasz laboratóriumi paramétereit vizsgáltam 196, legalább 2 sikertelen megtermékenyítésen áteső nő, és 41 egészséges kontroll perifériás vérében. A T-, B-, NK-, CD4+-. CD8+- és aktivált T-limfocita sejtarányokat áramlási citométeren mértem, majd a kapott eredményeket statisztikai próbákkal elemeztem. A kapott eredmények alapján az általam vizsgált populációban a paraméterek közül az NK-sejtarány szignifikáns különbséget mutat a kontroll csoportban talált értékekhez képest, mely megegyezik az irodalomban talált eredményekkel. A fokozott NK-sejt arányt csökkentő kezelések megfelelő kiindulási alapja lehet a laboratóriumban elvégzett celluláris immunstátuszt vizsgáló tesztek.MSc/MAklinikai laboratóriumi kutató mesterképzésmagyarlevelez

Romanian knowledge and attitudes regarding dietary fibers

Introduction: Presently, the scientists recognize the health benefits of food fibers in the menu and also plant food sources are at high interest both for general population and food companies. The food companies are responsible for a clear nutrition labelling that will assist consumers to make informed and healthy choices and health providers has to inform the population about the benefits of fibers. The aim of our study was to evaluate the Romanian knowledge and attitudes regarding dietary fibers from food products. Materials and methods: We made a qualitative survey based on a questionnaire applied in 2015, over a period of 6 months, over 670 Romanian consumers. It was focused on testing the attitudes and knowledge towards ingestion of foods rich in fibers. For all data analysis we used the software SPSS, from IBM Inc. Results and Discussions: Our results showed that the knowledge about dietary fibers and also the ingestion of food products rich in fibers were low, and most of the subjects didn’t have any interest to read the nutritional information from food labels related to fibers. The female participants ate more whole grains and fruits than males and pay more attention to food labelling, the Romanian people prefer to stay and eat home than at restaurants especially in rural areas, and the knowledge about fibers benefits was significantly related to education and urban location. Conclusion: We underline the needs for more efficient community interventions and proper information about the importance of dietary fibers for our health and also to improve and disseminate our nutritional standards and diet recommendation among population

Supplementary material 3 from: Tanács E, Bede-Fazekas Á, Csecserits A, Kisné Fodor L, Pásztor L, Somodi I, Standovár T, Zlinszky A, Zsembery Z, Vári Á (2022) Assessing ecosystem condition at the national level in Hungary - indicators, approaches, challenges. One Ecosystem 7: e81543. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e81543

Appendix

Assessing ecosystem condition at the national level in Hungary - indicators, approaches, challenges

The availability of robust and reliable spatial information on ecosystem condition is of increasing importance in informing conservation policy. Recent policy requirements have sparked a renewed interest in conceptual questions related to ecosystem condition and practical aspects like indicator selection, resulting in the emergence of conceptual frameworks, such as the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EA) and its Ecosystem Condition Typology (ECT). However, while such frameworks are essential to ensure that condition assessments are comprehensive and comparable, large-scale practical implementation often poses challenges that need to be tackled within stringent time and cost frames.We present methods and experiences of the national-level mapping and assessment of ecosystem condition in Hungary. The assessments covered the whole country, including all major ecosystem types present. The methodology constitutes four approaches of quantifying and mapping condition, based on different interpretations of naturalness and hemeroby, complemented by two more using properties that ‘overarch’ ecosystem types, such as soil and landscape attributes. In order to highlight their strengths and drawbacks, as well as to help reconcile aspects of conceptual relevance with practical limitations, we retrospectively evaluated the six mapping approaches (and the resulting indicators) against the indicator selection criteria suggested in the SEEA-EA. The results show that the various approaches have different strengths and weaknesses and, thus, their joint application has a higher potential to address the specific challenges related to large-scale ecosystem condition mapping

Assessing ecosystem condition at the national level in Hungary - indicators, approaches, challenges

The availability of robust and reliable spatial information on ecosystem condition is of increasing importance in informing conservation policy. Recent policy requirements have sparked a renewed interest in conceptual questions related to ecosystem condition and practical aspects like indicator selection, resulting in the emergence of conceptual frameworks, such as the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EA) and its Ecosystem Condition Typology (ECT). However, while such frameworks are essential to ensure that condition assessments are comprehensive and comparable, large-scale practical implementation often poses challenges that need to be tackled within stringent time and cost frames.We present methods and experiences of the national-level mapping and assessment of ecosystem condition in Hungary. The assessments covered the whole country, including all major ecosystem types present. The methodology constitutes four approaches of quantifying and mapping condition, based on different interpretations of naturalness and hemeroby, complemented by two more using properties that ‘overarch’ ecosystem types, such as soil and landscape attributes. In order to highlight their strengths and drawbacks, as well as to help reconcile aspects of conceptual relevance with practical limitations, we retrospectively evaluated the six mapping approaches (and the resulting indicators) against the indicator selection criteria suggested in the SEEA-EA. The results show that the various approaches have different strengths and weaknesses and, thus, their joint application has a higher potential to address the specific challenges related to large-scale ecosystem condition mapping

Supplementary material 8 from: Tanács E, Bede-Fazekas Á, Csecserits A, Kisné Fodor L, Pásztor L, Somodi I, Standovár T, Zlinszky A, Zsembery Z, Vári Á (2022) Assessing ecosystem condition at the national level in Hungary - indicators, approaches, challenges. One Ecosystem 7: e81543. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e81543

Appendix

Supplementary material 1 from: Tanács E, Bede-Fazekas Á, Csecserits A, Kisné Fodor L, Pásztor L, Somodi I, Standovár T, Zlinszky A, Zsembery Z, Vári Á (2022) Assessing ecosystem condition at the national level in Hungary - indicators, approaches, challenges. One Ecosystem 7: e81543. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e81543

Appendix 1

Finding the Green Grass in the Haystack? Integrated National Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Condition in Hungary, in Support of Conservation and Planning

Human well-being needs healthy ecosystems, providing multiple ecosystem services. Therefore, the assessment of ecosystems on large scales is a priority action. In Hungary, this work (MAES-HU) took place between 2016 and 2022. Twelve ecosystem services (ES) were mapped and assessed along with several ecosystem condition (EC) indicators. Their integrated spatial analysis aimed to identify patterns of ES multifunctionality, reveal relationships between EC and ES and delineate ES bundles. The results show outstanding multifunctionality of natural ecosystem types compared with the more artificial types, emphasizing the importance of natural areas in order to fulfil human needs. Native forests provide the most varied range of services, which underlines the importance of forest management to consider multiple services. There is a positive correlation between condition and multifunctionality in forests; areas in better condition (in terms of species composition and structure) provide more services at an outstanding level. ES bundles mainly reflect the major ecosystem types, topography and forest condition. Our analysis represents an example of synthesizing national MAES results with a combination of methods. Finding ES hotspots on a national scale and connecting them with an assessment of EC may help in finding optimal strategies to balance conservation targets and competing land uses