Radiografia periapical no auxílio de diagnóstico para cálculo salivar no ducto de Stensen: relato de caso

Salivary calculus, also known as sialolithiasis, is an alteration that affects the salivary glands and/or their ducts promoting an obstruction of these through deposition of minerals in the ductal system. The most frequent gland is the submandibular gland, followed by the parotid, sublingual and minor salivary glands. The diagnosis can be made with the help of radiographs, in addition to the semi-technical features of palpation. The diagnostic hypothesis is confirmed after excisional biopsy with the removal of the salivary calculus. The objective of this study is to report a case of a 62-year-old patient who had a complaint of “dry mouth”. During the clinical examination, no alterations were observed; however, a radiopaque image was observed in the periapical radio- graph in the right upper molar region, which, during palpation, presented as a hardened/stony consistency nodule, suggestive of parotid sialolith. An excisional biopsy was performed confirming the diagnostic hypothesis. The patient was followed for a period of 6 months without signs of recurrence of the lesion.O cálculo salivar, também conhecido como sialolitíase, é uma alteração que acomete as glândulas salivares e/ou seus ductos promovendo uma obstrução destes por meio da deposição de minerais no sistema ductal. A glândula de maior ocorrência é a submandibular, seguida pela parótida, sublingual e glândulas salivares menores. O diagnóstico pode ser realizado com auxílio de radiografias, além dos recursos semiotécnicos de palpação. A hipótese diagnóstica é confirmada após a realização da biopsia excisional com remoção do cálculo salivar. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de um paciente com 62 anos que apresentava queixa de “boca seca”. Durante o exame físico observou-se um nódulo de consistência endurecida/ pétrea na mucosa jugal, confirmado por radiografia periapical em região de molares superiores direito que revelou uma imagem radiopaca, sugestiva de sialólito de parótida. Foi realizada biópsia excisional que confirmou a hipótese diagnóstica. O paciente foi acompanhado por um período de 6 meses sem sinais de recidiva da lesão

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications