Baneplanen - strategi for det danske hovedbanenet

Der gives en overordnet beskrivelse af arbejdet med Baneplanen, som blev offentliggjort i foråret 1997. Baneplanen opstiller målene for udbygning af det danske hovedbanenet i de kommende år på grundlag af forudsætninger om den fremtidige togtrafik. Der sigtes på forbedringer for regionaltrafikken og godstrafikken, samt på muligheden for at indføre højhastighedstog i Danmark. Konsekvensvurderingerne har været de hidtil mest omfattende indenfor jernbaneområdet

Grundlaget for den overordnede prioritering i jernbanesektoren - fra teori til praksis

Trafikministeriet er i gang med at forbedre beslutningsgrundlaget for den overordnede politiske styring af jernbaneområdet. Rammen er drifts- og samfundsøkonomisk, men mange andre forhold vil naturligvis også indgå i den endelige politiske beslutningstagning. I oplægget gives en redegørelse for arbejdet. Processen beskrives fra opstilling af mål og virkemidler frem til opstillingen af et grundlag for opstilling af den næste politiske flerårsaftale for jernbaneområdet

Udbud af togtrafik i Danmark

I slutningen af december 2001 blev ARRIVA valgt til at drive togtrafikken på de midt- og vestjy- ske banestrækninger i 8 år fra 2003 og frem. Det var den foreløbige kulmination på flere års tilløb og forberedelser til det første udbud af togtrafik i Danmark.Indlægget beskriver de politiske og lovgivningsmæssige forberedelser til dette første udbud, valg af udbudsopgaven, forberedelser af rammebetingelserne, det konkrete udbudsmateriale samt de første erfaringer. Det er derimod ikke sigtet at gå i detaljer med selve valget af operatør eller det meget omtalte fravalg af DSB's tilbud

Quantification and localization of formylated phloroglucinol compounds (FPCs) in eucalyptus species

The Eucalyptus genus is a hyper-diverse group of long-lived trees from the Myrtaceae family, consisting of more than 700 species. Eucalyptus are widely distributed across their native Australian landscape and are the most widely planted hardwood forest trees in the world. The ecological and economic success of Eucalyptus trees is due, in part, to their ability to produce a plethora of specialized metabolites, which moderate abiotic and biotic interactions. Formylated phloroglucinol compounds (FPCs) are an important class of specialized metabolites in the Myrtaceae family, particularly abundant in Eucalyptus. FPCs are mono- to tetra-formylated phloroglucinol based derivatives, often with an attached terpene moiety. These compounds provide chemical defense against herbivory and display various bioactivities of pharmaceutical relevance. Despite their ecological and economic importance, and continued improvements into analytical techniques, FPCs have proved challenging to study. Here we present a simple and reliable method for FPCs extraction, identification and quantification by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The method was applied to leaf, flower bud, and flower samples of nine different eucalypt species, using a small amount of plant material. Authentic analytical standards were used to provide high resolution mass spectra and fragmentation patterns. A robust method provides opportunities for future investigations into the identification and quantification of FPCs in complex biological samples with high confidence. Furthermore, we present for the first time the tissue-based localization of FPCs in stem, leaf, and flower bud of Eucalyptus species measured by mass spectrometry imaging, providing important information for biosynthetic pathway discovery studies and for understanding the role of those compounds in planta

Dobbelt op på jernbanen med store projekter

Stikordsreferat fra Trafikdage i Aalborg, 27. august 201

Corrigendum: Quantification and localization of Formylated Phloroglucinol Compounds (FPCs) in Eucalyptus Species

Error in Figure/Table In the original article, there was a mistake in Figure 4 and Supplementary Table S2 as published. There was an error during the FPCs quantification process, whereby the ratio of injection volume between sample and standard was accidentally inverted. This error has resulted in the overestimation of FPCs concentration reported, but does not alter the biological significance of the results. The corrected Figure 4 appears below, and Supplementary Table S2 has been replaced in the original article. Furthermore, in the original article, there was an error in the results section where the number of total FPCs for different tissues of two species are cited. A correction has been made to the Results section, sub-section Detection and Quantification of FPCs, paragraph four: “From all species analyzed, E. camphora and E. globulus had the highest concentration of total FPCs in leaves, with 65 and 41mg g−1 DW, respectively (Figure 4, Supplementary Table S2). Eucalyptus camphora also had high concentration of FPCs in flower buds and flowers, with 13 and 12mg g−1 DW, respectively. Interestingly, three Eucalyptus species showed a tendency to accumulate more FPCs in flowers compared to the leaves. Eucalyptus leucoxylon, E. sideroxylon, and E. viminalis contained ~40, 5, and 3 times more total FPCs in the flowers compared to leaves, respectively Figure 4, Supplementary Table S2. Eucalyptus yarraensis presented very low amounts of FPCs in leaves and flower buds, and it is the only species that does not contain any sideroxylonals. Eucalyptus cladocalyx and C. ficifolia did not show any traces of this class of specialized metabolites in the tissues analyzed.

Fueling the flames of colon cancer – does CRP play a direct pro-inflammatory role?

Background: Systemic inflammation, diagnostically ascribed by measuring serum levels of the acute phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP), has consistently been correlated with poor outcomes across cancer types. CRP exists in two structurally and functionally distinct isoforms, circulating pentameric CRP (pCRP) and the highly pro-inflammatory monomeric isoform (mCRP). The aim of this pilot study was to map the pattern of mCRP distribution in a previously immunologically well-defined colon cancer (CC) cohort and explore possible functional roles of mCRP within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 43 stage II and III CC patients, including 20 patients with serum CRP 0-1 mg/L and 23 patients with serum CRP >30 mg/L were immunohistochemically (IHC) stained with a conformation-specific mCRP antibody and selected immune and stromal markers. A digital analysis algorithm was developed for evaluating mCRP distribution within the primary tumors and adjacent normal colon mucosa. Results: mCRP was abundantly present within tumors from patients with high serum CRP (>30 mg/L) diagnostically interpreted as being systemically inflamed, whereas patients with CRP 0-1 mg/L exhibited only modest mCRP positivity (median mCRP per area 5.07‰ (95%CI:1.32-6.85) vs. 0.02‰ (95%CI:0.01-0.04), p<0.001). Similarly, tissue-expressed mCRP correlated strongly with circulating pCRP (Spearman correlation 0.81, p<0.001). Importantly, mCRP was detected exclusively within tumors, whereas adjacent normal colon mucosa showed no mCRP expression. Double IHC staining revealed colocalization of mCRP with endothelial cells and neutrophils. Intriguingly, some tumor cells also colocalized with mCRP, suggesting a direct interaction or mCRP expression by the tumor itself. Conclusion: Our data show that the pro-inflammatory mCRP isoform is expressed in the TME of CC, primarily in patients with high systemic pCRP values. This strengthens the hypothesis that CRP might not only be an inflammatory marker but also an active mediator within tumors.publishedVersio