Theoretical analysis of the reaction of peroxymethyl radical with atomic hydrogen and of dibenzofuran with atomic chlorine

Experimental determination of rate constants for gas phase radical reactions is challenging. When rate constants necessary for modeling complex processes in atmospheric and combustion science are unknown, theoretical predictions are useful. We used Variational Transition State Theory with Multidimensional Tunneling (VTST/MT) with Density Functional Theory (DFT) to calculate the rate constant and isotope effects for reaction between the peroxymethyl radical and the hydrogen atom. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are a group of extremely toxic compounds formed during waste incineration. Currently, their chemical degradation in the atmosphere is poorly understood. While some experimental and theoretical results regarding the reaction of PCDFs with the hydroxyl radical are available, to our knowledge, no group has studied their reaction with another important atmospheric oxidant, the chlorine atom (Cl). As a first step in this direction, we have characterized the potential energy surface for reaction between the parent compound of PCDFs, dibenzofuran, and Cl using DFT

О ретрактах линейных конечномерных пространств, порождённых коэрцитивными отображениями

Coercive continuous injective mappings acting from one linear finite-dimensional space to another are considered. It is proved that the images of these mappings are retracts of linear spaces.Рассматриваются коэрцитивные непрерывные инъективные отображения, действующие из одного линейного конечномерного пространства в другое. Доказано, что образы этих отображений являются ретрактами линейных пространств

THE MODERN WORLD-SYSTEM IN TERMS OF A CIVILIZATIONAL PARADIGM

В свете современных реалий функционирования мировой общественной системы, актуальным вопросом политической науки является рассмотрение проблем взаимодействия «главных игроков» на политической арене с точки зрения цивилизационной парадигмы. Автор обращает внимание на обострившиеся в последние десятилетия цивилизационные противоречия «востока» и «запада».In this article the author reveals the peculiarities of the formation of the civilizational paradigm in political science, associated with the changed conditions of the functioning of society. The relevance of the topic is determined aggravated at the present time, inter-civilizational contradictions

Crystal structure and conductivity of bismuth-containing complex oxides

In the paper, a comprehensive systematic study of different classes of bismuth containing oxide compounds was carried out. The relationship between composition, temperature and concentration regions of existence of stable, specific structure and properties of solid solutions on the basis of vanadates, molybdates, niobates and bismuth was found. The general regularities of synthesis of solid solutions with different variants of solid-phase and soluble methods were determined. On this basis, the optimal conditions for obtaining single-phase materials were formulated. For the first time the temperature and concentration boundaries of the regions of homogeneity and areas of stable existence of polymorphic modifications of solid solutions were defined and/or refined. The structural parameters of the synthesized phases were determined. By the method of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy the nature and features of impedance spectra, the temperature and concentration dependences of electrical conductivity of ceramic materials based on bismuth containing complex oxides were identified

Природа визуального мышления

Visual thinking is a type of non-verbal thinking, and it has been extensively studied by psychologists in recent years. Psycologists believe that the main function of visual thinking is its ability to coordinate different meanings of images into a complete, visible picture. Visual thinking also helps us to ontologize the results of abstract verbal thinking so that an abstract essence becomes intellectually visible. Using it to examine and analyze various works can yield new insights and a more complete understanding in fields ranging from scientific to artistic.Визуальное мышление является особым типом невербального мышления. В по-следние годы оно широко исследуется в рамках психологической науки. Психологи пола-гают, что главная роль визуального мышления заключается в его способности воплощать те или иные смыслы образов в полноценных наглядных картинах. Визуальное мышление к тому же позволяет так онтологизировать результаты абстрактного вербального мышле-ния, что абстрактные сущности становятся «видимыми» нашему уму. Опора на теорию визуального мышления помогает под новым углом зрения изучать, анализировать и более полно понимать различные научные и художественные произведения

Generalized functional differential equations: existence and uniqueness of solutions

We study generalized nonlinear functional differential equations arising in various applications, for instance in the control theory, or if there is a need to incorporate impulsive and/or delay effects into the underlying system. The main result of the paper provides a general existence and uniqueness theorem for such equations, and we also give many illustrative examples. The proofs are based on the theory of generalized Volterra operators in the spaces of continuous and discontinuous functions

Generalized functional differential equations: existence and uniqueness of solutions

We study generalized nonlinear functional differential equations arising in various applications, for instance in the control theory, or if there is a need to incorporate impulsive and/or delay effects into the underlying system. The main result of the paper provides a general existence and uniqueness theorem for such equations, and we also give many illustrative examples. The proofs are based on the theory of generalized Volterra operators in the spaces of continuous and discontinuous functions

Pareto Optimality and Equilibria in Noncooperative Games

This chapter considers the Nash equilibrium strategy profiles that are Pareto optimal with respect to the rest of the Nash equilibrium strategy profiles. The sufficient conditions for the existence of such pure strategy profiles are established. These conditions employ the Germeier convolutions of the payoff functions. For the noncooperative games with compact strategy sets and continuous payoff functions, the existence of the Pareto-optimal Nash equilibria (PoNE) in mixed strategies is proven