On verifying timed hyperproperties

We study the satisfiability and model-checking problems for timed hyperproperties specified with HyperMTL, a timed extension of HyperLTL. Depending on whether interleaving of events in different traces is allowed, two possible semantics can be defined for timed hyperproperties: asynchronous and synchronous. While the satisfiability problem can be decided similarly to HyperLTL regardless of the choice of semantics, we show that the model-checking problem, unless the specification is alternation-free, is undecidable even when very restricted timing constraints are allowed. On the positive side, we show that model checking HyperMTL with quantifier alternations is possible under certain conditions in the synchronous semantics, or when there is a fixed bound on the length of the time domain.EP/K026399/1 and EP/P020011/

Timed hyperproperties

We study the satisfiability and model-checking problems for timed hyperproperties specified with HyperMITL, a timed extension of HyperLTL. While the satisfiability problem can be solved similarly as for HyperLTL, we show that the model-checking problem for HyperMITL, unless the specification is alternation-free, is undecidable even when very restricted timing constraints are allowed. On the positive side, we show that model checking HyperMITL with quantifier alternations is possible under certain semantic restrictions. As an intermediate tool, we give an ‘asynchronous’ interpretation of Wilke's monadic logic of relative distance (L ) and show that it characterises timed languages recognised by timed automata with silent transitions. d

Historical water level change of Lake Weishan in East China from 1758–1902 AD: relationship with the flooding of the Yellow River

published_or_final_versionSpringer Open Choice, 28 May 201

Annealing study of A1/GaSb contact with the use of doppler broadening technique

Using a monoenergetic positron beam, annealing study of the Al/n-GaSb system was performed by monitoring the Doppler broadening of the annihilation radiation as a function of the positron implanting energy. The S-parameter against positron energy data was successfully fitted by a three-layer model (Al/interface/GaSb). The annealing out of the open volume defects in the polycrystalline Al layer was revealed by the decrease in the S-parameter and the increase in the effective diffusion length of the Al layer. For the as-deposited samples, a∼5 nm interfacial region with S-parameter larger than those of the Al overlayer and the bulk was identified. After the 400^ºC annealing, this interfacial region extends to over 40 nm and its S-parameter dramatically drops. This is possibly due to the new phase formation at the interface. Annealing behaviors of SB and L+,B of the GaSb bulk showed the annealing out of positron traps (possibly the VGa-related defect) at 250ºC. However, a further annealing at 400ºC induces the formation of positron traps, which are possibly of another kind of VGa-related defect and the positron shallow trap GaSb antisite.published_or_final_versionProceedings of the 35th Polish Seminar on Positron Annihilation (PSPA), Turawa, Poland, 20-24 September 2004. In Acta Physica Polonica Series A: General Physics, Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics and Quantum Electronics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Applied Physics, 2005, v. 107 n. 5, p. 874-87

Gate controlled electronic transport in monolayer MoS2 field effect transistor

published_or_final_versio

Photodynamic inactivation of Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms and planktonic cells by 5-aminolevulinic acid and 5-aminolevulinic acid methyl ester

The treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae, particularly extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae, is currently a great challenge. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy is a promising approach for killing antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and its derivative 5-ALA methyl ester (MAL) in the presence of white light to cause photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of K. pneumoniae planktonic and biofilm cells. In the presence of white light, 5-ALA and MAL inactivated planktonic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Biofilms were also sensitive to 5-ALA and MAL-mediated PDI. The mechanisms by which 5-ALA and MAL caused PDI of ESBL-producing K. pneumonia were also investigated. Exposure of K. pneumonia to light in the presence of either 5-ALA or MAL induced cleavage of genomic DNA and the rapid release of intracellular biopolymers. Intensely denatured cytoplasmic contents and aggregated ribosomes were also detected by transmission electron microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy showed that PDI of biofilms caused aggregated bacteria to detach and that the bacterial cell envelope was damaged. This study provides insights into 5-ALA and MAL-mediated PDI of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae

LRRK2 R1441G mice are more liable to dopamine depletion and locomotor inactivity

postprin

Observation of inhibited electron-ion coupling in strongly heated graphite

Creating non-equilibrium states of matter with highly unequal electron and lattice temperatures (Tele≠Tion) allows unsurpassed insight into the dynamic coupling between electrons and ions through time-resolved energy relaxation measurements. Recent studies on low-temperature laser-heated graphite suggest a complex energy exchange when compared to other materials. To avoid problems related to surface preparation, crystal quality and poor understanding of the energy deposition and transport mechanisms, we apply a different energy deposition mechanism, via laser-accelerated protons, to isochorically and non-radiatively heat macroscopic graphite samples up to temperatures close to the melting threshold. Using time-resolved x ray diffraction, we show clear evidence of a very small electron-ion energy transfer, yielding approximately three times longer relaxation times than previously reported. This is indicative of the existence of an energy transfer bottleneck in non-equilibrium warm dense matter

Mobocertinib (TAK-788) in EGFR Exon 20 Insertion+ Metastatic NSCLC: Patient-Reported Outcomes from EXCLAIM Extension Cohort.

Mobocertinib, an oral, first-in-class epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor selective for EGFR exon 20 insertions (ex20ins), achieved durable responses in adults with previously treated EGFR ex20ins+ metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) in the EXCLAIM extension cohort of a phase 1/2 study (N = 96; NCT02716116). We assessed patient-reported outcomes (PROs) with mobocertinib 160 mg once daily (28-day cycles) in EXCLAIM (N = 90) with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) v3.0, lung cancer module (QLQ-LC13), EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire, and selected PRO Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) questionnaire. Median treatment duration was 6.8 (range, 0.0-18.8) months (median follow-up: 13.0 [0.7-18.8] months; data cutoff: 1 November 2020). Clinically meaningful improvements in lung cancer symptoms measured by EORTC QLQ-LC13 were observed for dyspnea (54.4% of patients), cough (46.7%), and chest pain (38.9%), evident at cycle 2 and throughout treatment (least-squares mean [LSM] changes from baseline: dyspnea, -3.2 [p = 0.019]; cough, -9.3 [p < 0.001]; chest pain, -8.2 [p < 0.001]). EORTC QLQ-C30 results indicated no statistically significant changes in global health status/quality of life (LSM change from baseline: -1.8 [p = 0.235]). On symptom scores, significant worsening from baseline was observed for diarrhea (LSM change from baseline: +34.1; p < 0.001) and appetite loss (+6.6; p = 0.004), while improvements were observed for dyspnea (LSM change from baseline: -5.1 [p = 0.002]), insomnia (-6.5 [p = 0.001]), and constipation (-5.7 [p < 0.001]). EQ-5D-5L health status was maintained. Common PRO-CTCAE symptoms were diarrhea, dry skin, rash, and decreased appetite (mostly low grade); in the first 24 weeks of treatment, 64.4% of patients had worsening diarrhea frequency and 67.8% had worsening dry skin severity. Overall, PROs with mobocertinib showed clinically meaningful improvement in lung cancer-related symptoms, with health-related quality of life maintained despite changes in some adverse event symptom scales

Using Neural Networks for Relation Extraction from Biomedical Literature

Using different sources of information to support automated extracting of relations between biomedical concepts contributes to the development of our understanding of biological systems. The primary comprehensive source of these relations is biomedical literature. Several relation extraction approaches have been proposed to identify relations between concepts in biomedical literature, namely, using neural networks algorithms. The use of multichannel architectures composed of multiple data representations, as in deep neural networks, is leading to state-of-the-art results. The right combination of data representations can eventually lead us to even higher evaluation scores in relation extraction tasks. Thus, biomedical ontologies play a fundamental role by providing semantic and ancestry information about an entity. The incorporation of biomedical ontologies has already been proved to enhance previous state-of-the-art results.Comment: Artificial Neural Networks book (Springer) - Chapter 1