336 research outputs found
On the noise effect of test mass surface roughness in spaceborne gravitational wave detectors
Spaceborne gravitational wave detection mission has a demanding requirement
for the precision of displacement sensing, which is conducted by the
interaction between the laser field and test mass. However, due to the
roughness of the reflecting surface of the test mass, the displacement
measurement along the sensitive axis suffers a coupling error caused by the
residue motion of other degrees of freedom. In this article, we model the
coupling of the test mass residue random motion to the displacement sensing
along the sensitive axis and derived an analytical formula of the required
precision of the surface error for the spaceborne gravitational wave detectors.
Our result shows that this coupling error will not contaminate the picometer
displacement sensing for the test masses in the LISA pathfinder.Comment: 8 page
An Analysis of the Cause of Privacy Paradox among SNS Users: take Chinese College Students as an Example
It has been proved that the privacy paradox does exist, yet the cause of the phenomenon remains vague. This article tries to analyze the [Inserted: s]cause of privacy paradox phenomenon on SNS (WeChat) among Chinese college students based on Privacy Calculus Theory and the TPB model and introduces two new factors: the credibility of SNS and the cost of protecting privacy. Through a questionnaire and interview survey,[Inserted: a ] our result shows that there is no significant correlation between usersâ privacy concerns and the intention of privacy disclosure. While the more users trust the SNS platform, the more possibility they tend to disclose their private information[Inserted: te], and the cost of privacy protection can somehow weaken the relationship between the intention and the actual behavior. Therefore, [Inserted: ship]by increasing SNS\u27s credibility, users tend to disclose more personal information to SNS providers, which may improve the competitiveness of SNSs and contribute to their sustainable development
Frequent copy number variations of PI3K/AKT pathway and aberrant protein expressions of PI3K subunits are associated with inferior survival in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is activated in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), PI3K constitutive activation plays a crucial role in PI3K/AKT pathway. However, the copy number variations (CNVs) of PI3K subunits on gene level remain unknown in DLBCL. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the CNV of PI3K subunits and their relationship with clinicopathological features exploring the possible mechanism underlying of PI3K activation in DLBCL. METHODS: CNV of 12 genes in the PI3K/AKT pathway was detected by NanoString nCounter in 60 de novo DLBCLs and 10 reactive hyperplasia specimens as controls. Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to examine the expression of p110Îą, p110β, p110Îł, p110δ, and pAKT on DLBCL tissue microarrays. RESULTS: All PI3K and AKT subunits, except for PIK3R1, had various CNVs in the form of copy number amplifications and copy number losses. Their rates were in the range of 8.3â20.0%. Of them PIK3CA and PIK3CB gene CNVs were significantly associated with decreased overall survival (P = 0.029 and P = 0.019, respectively). IHC showed that the frequency of strong positive expression of p110Îą, p110β, p110Îł, and p110δ were 26.7%, 25.0%, 18.3%, and 25.0% respectively, and they were found to be associated with decreased survival (P = 0.022, P = 0.015, P = 0.015, and P = 0.008, respectively). Expression of p110Îą was not only significantly associated with CNVs of PIK3CA (P = 0.002) but also positively correlated with strong positive expression of pAKT (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: CNV of PIK3CA is highly associated with aberrant p110Îą protein expression and subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. CNVs of PIK3CA and PIK3CB, and aberrant protein expression of p110 isoforms are of great important value for predicting inferior prognosis in DLBCL. Frequent CNVs of PI3K/AKT subunits may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of DLBCL
Activation of MET signaling by HDAC6 offers a rationale for a novel ricolinostat and crizotinib combinatorial therapeutic strategy in diffuse large Bâcell lymphoma
Some histone deacetylases (HDACs) promote tumor cell growth and panâ or selective HDAC inhibitors are active in some cancers; however, the pivotal HDAC enzyme and its functions in human diffuse large Bâcell lymphoma (DLBCL) remain largely unknown. Using NanoString nCounter assays, we profiled HDAC mRNA expression and identified HDAC6 as an upregulated HDAC family member in DLBCL tissue samples. We then found that HDAC6 plays an oncogenic role in DLBCL, as evidenced by its promotion of cell proliferation in vitro and tumor xenograft growth in vivo. Mechanistically, the interaction between HDAC6 and HR23B downregulated HR23B expression, thereby reducing the levels of casitas Bâlineage lymphoma (câCbl), an E3 ubiquitin ligase for hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), which resulted in the inhibition of MET ubiquitinationâdependent degradation. In addition, enhanced HDAC6 expression and decreased HR23B expression were correlated with poor overall survival rates among patients with DLBCL. Taken together, these results establish an HDAC6âHR23BâMET axis and indicate that HDAC6 is a potent promoter of lymphomagenesis in DLBCL. Thus, a therapeutic strategy based on HDAC6 inhibitors in combination with MET inhibitors is promising. Copyright Š 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146400/1/path5108_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146400/2/path5108.pd
Descope of the ALIA mission
The present work reports on a feasibility study commissioned by the Chinese
Academy of Sciences of China to explore various possible mission options to
detect gravitational waves in space alternative to that of the eLISA/LISA
mission concept. Based on the relative merits assigned to science and
technological viability, a few representative mission options descoped from the
ALIA mission are considered. A semi-analytic Monte Carlo simulation is carried
out to understand the cosmic black hole merger histories starting from
intermediate mass black holes at high redshift as well as the possible
scientific merits of the mission options considered in probing the light seed
black holes and their coevolution with galaxies in early Universe. The study
indicates that, by choosing the armlength of the interferometer to be three
million kilometers and shifting the sensitivity floor to around one-hundredth
Hz, together with a very moderate improvement on the position noise budget,
there are certain mission options capable of exploring light seed, intermediate
mass black hole binaries at high redshift that are not readily accessible to
eLISA/LISA, and yet the technological requirements seem to within reach in the
next few decades for China
Different Effects of Total Bilirubin on 90-Day Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis and Advanced Fibrosis: A Quantitative Analysis
Introduction: Total bilirubin (TB) is a major prognosis predictor representing liver failure in patients with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF). However, the cutoff value of TB for liver failure and whether the same cutoff could be applied in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients remain controversial. There is a need to obtain the quantitative correlation between TB and short-term mortality via evidence-based methods, which is critical in establishing solid ACLF diagnostic criteria.Methods: Patients hospitalized with cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis (FIB-4 > 1.45) were studied. TB and other variables were measured at baseline. The primary outcome was 90-day transplantation-free mortality. Multi-variable Cox proportional hazard model was used to present the independent risk of mortality due to TB. Generalized additive model and second derivate (acceleration) were used to plot the âTB-mortality correlation curves.â The mathematical (maximum acceleration) and clinical (adjusted 28-day transplantation-free mortality rate reaching 15%) TB cutoffs for liver failure were both calculated.Results: Among the 3,532 included patients, the number of patients with cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis were 2,592 and 940, respectively, of which cumulative 90-day mortality were 16.6% (430/2592) and 7.4% (70/940), respectively. Any increase of TB was found the independent risk factor of mortality in cirrhotic patients, while only TB >12 mg/dL independently increased the risk of mortality in patients with advanced fibrosis. In cirrhotic patients, the mathematical TB cutoff for liver failure is 14.2 mg/dL, with 23.3% (605/2592) patients exceeding it, corresponding to 13.3 and 25.0% adjusted 28- and 90-day mortality rate, respectively. The clinical TB cutoff for is 18.1 mg/dL, with 18.2% (471/2592) patients exceeding it. In patients with advanced fibrosis, the mathematical TB cutoff is 12.1 mg/dL, 33.1% (311/940) patients exceeding it, corresponding to 2.9 and 8.0% adjusted 28- and 90-day mortality rate, respectively; the clinical TB cutoff was 36.0 mg/dL, 1.3% (12/940) patients above it.Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated the significantly different impact of TB on 90-day mortality in patients with cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis, proving that liver failure can be determined by TB alone in cirrhosis but not in advanced fibrosis. The proposed TB cutoffs for liver failure provides solid support for the establishment of ACLF diagnostic criteria
HUST-GOGRA2018s: A new gravity field model derived from the combination of GRACE and GOCE data
A new satellite-only gravity field model entitled HUST-GOGRA2018s is developed by the combination of GRACE and GOCE data in this study. The modified dynamic approach is applied for GRACE data processing, while the space-wise least square method with a cascade filter is utilized for GOCE data processing. The GRACE-only model HUST-Grace2016s and GOCE-only model HUST-GOCE2018s are then computed, respectively. Our new developed GRACE-only model HUST-Grace2016s performs better than AIUB-GRACE03S, GGM05S, Tongji-GRACE01S at higher degrees, and the quality of our GOCE-only model HUST-GOCE2018s is also better than that of GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R2 and GO_CONS_GCF_2_SPW_R2. The combination is subsequently implemented by the superposition of GRACE and GOCE full normal equations. During the combination, the optimal weight is determined by the least-squares combined adjustment method with parametric covariance approach (LS-PCA) and the spectral combination method, respectively. The comparison result demonstrates that LS-PCA is more proper for the combination. As a result, the final HUST-GOGRA2018s model is developed. Validated by external gravity field models, the results demonstrate that the HUST-GOGRA2018s is dominated by GRACE data for the spherical harmonic coefficients lower than degree 60 and GOCE data for the spherical harmonic coefficients higher than degree 150, and its performance is better than that of GOCO01S
A General Framework for Aliasing Corrections of Inductive Oil Debris Detection Based on Artificial Neural Networks
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