Perception Based Gait Generation for Quadrupedal Characters

With the rapid expansion of the range of digital characters involved in film and game production, creating a wide variety of expressive characters has become a problem that cannot be solved efficiently through current animation methods. Key-frame animation is time-consuming and requires animation expertise. Motion capture is constrained by equipment and environment requirements and is most applicable to humanoid characters. Simulation can produce physically correct motion but does not account for expressiveness. This thesis focuses on developing a more efficient animation system using a procedural approach in which the skeletal structure and characteristics of motion that communicate weight and age in quadrupeds have been isolated and engineered as user-controlled tools and modifiers to build creature shape and synthesize cyclic gait animation. This new approach accomplished the goal of quick generation of expressive characters. It is also successful in achieving real-time animation playback and adjustment

Perception Based Gait Generation for Quadrupedal Characters

With the rapid expansion of the range of digital characters involved in film and game production, creating a wide variety of expressive characters has become a problem that cannot be solved efficiently through current animation methods. Key-frame animation is time-consuming and requires animation expertise. Motion capture is constrained by equipment and environment requirements and is most applicable to humanoid characters. Simulation can produce physically correct motion but does not account for expressiveness. This thesis focuses on developing a more efficient animation system using a procedural approach in which the skeletal structure and characteristics of motion that communicate weight and age in quadrupeds have been isolated and engineered as user-controlled tools and modifiers to build creature shape and synthesize cyclic gait animation. This new approach accomplished the goal of quick generation of expressive characters. It is also successful in achieving real-time animation playback and adjustment

Giant defect emission enhancement from ZnO nanowires through desulfurization process.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a stable, direct bandgap semiconductor emitting in the UV with a multitude of technical applications. It is well known that ZnO emission can be shifted into the green for visible light applications through the introduction of defects. However, generating consistent and efficient green emission through this process is challenging, particularly given that the chemical or atomic origin of the green emission in ZnO is still under debate. In this work we present a new method, for which we coin term desulfurization, for creating green emitting ZnO with significantly enhanced quantum efficiency. Solution grown ZnO nanowires are partially converted to ZnS, then desulfurized back to ZnO, resulting in a highly controlled concentration of oxygen defects as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance. Using this controlled placement of oxygen vacancies we observe a greater than 40-fold enhancement of integrated emission intensity and explore the nature of this enhancement through low temperature photoluminescence experiments

Identification of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes in moyamoya disease by combining bulk RNA-sequencing analysis and machine learning

Introduction: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disease that can lead to ischemia and hemorrhagic stroke. The relationship between oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and MMD pathogenesis remains unknown.Methods: The gene expression data of 60 participants were acquired from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, including 36 and 24 in the MMD and control groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MMD patients MMD and control groups were identified. Machine learning was used to select the key OXPHOS-related genes associated with MMD from the intersection of DEGs and OXPHOS-related gene sets. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Immune infiltration and microenvironments analysis were used to analyze the function of key genes. Machine learning selected four key OXPHOS-related genes associated with MMD: CSK, NARS2, PTPN6 and SMAD2 (PTPN6 was upregulated and the other three were downregulated).Results: Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in the Notch signaling pathway, GAP junction, and RNA degradation, which are related to several biological processes, including angiogenesis, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, and cytoskeleton regulation. Immune analysis revealed immune infiltration and microenvironment in these MMD samples and their relationships with four key OXPHOS-related genes. APC co-inhibition (p = 0.032), HLA (p = 0.001), MHC I (p = 0.013), T cellco- inhibition (p = 0.032) and Type I IFN responses (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the MMD groups than those in the control groups. The CSK positively correlated with APC co-inhibition and T cell-co-inhibition. The NARS2 negatively correlated with Type I IFN response. The SMAD2 negatively correlated with APC co-inhibition and Type I IFN response. The PTPN6 positively correlated with HLA, MHC I and Type I IFN responses.Discussion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of OXPHOS in MMD and will contribute to the development of new treatment methods and exploration of MMD pathogenesis

Matériaux nanostructurés à base d’oxyde de zinc : synthèse et ingénierie de l’émission

Inspired by the essential role of luminescent materials in optoelectronics, this thesis was devoted to two main luminescent semiconductors, namely, zinc oxide (ZnO) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) monolayers. ZnO is a wide bandgap material with excellent optical properties. TMDs monolayers like WS2 and MoS2, are new type of atomically thin direct band gap materials. The synthesis and emission engineering of the combined ZnO and TMDs materials were conducted partly in collaboration with the Molecular Foundry.The optical properties of ZnO have already been widely investigated. ZnO has high transparency in the visible and strong absorption in the UV range. Typical photoluminescence of ZnO contains two main contributions: near band edge transition inducing ultraviolet emission and a relatively wide visible emission. In this thesis, ZnO nanowires thin films were first synthesized by chemical bath deposition, which was found to enable low-temperature wafer-scale production of homogeneous well-aligned nanowires arrays. As for passive optical properties, a phenomenological model combining effective medium theory and Mie scattering has been developed and discussed. As for active optical properties, we report on an efficient technique namely desulfurization to increase the green light emission from ZnO nanowires. We also observed a strong emission enhancement from ZnO microrods after thermal treatment. Finally, high crystalline WS2 and MoS2 monolayers were synthesized by atomic layer deposition on SiO2 coated Silicon wafer and ZnO nanowires.Inspirée de l’optoélectronique, cette thèse a porté sur deux principaux semi-conducteurs luminescents : l’oxyde de zinc (ZnO) et les monocouches de dichalcogénures de métaux de transition (TMDs). Le ZnO est un matériau à large bande interdite. Les TMDs comme WS2 et MoS2, deviennent des matériaux à gap direct en monocouche. Cette thèse réalisée en collaboration avec la Molecular Foundry a porté à la fois sur la synthèse, la modélisation optique et l’ingénierie d’émission. Très étudié, le ZnO est un matériau transparent dans le visible et fortement absorbant dans l’UV. Typiquement, la photoluminescence du ZnO contient deux contributions : une émission de bord de bande dans l’UV et une émission visible. Dans cette thèse, on s’est d’abord intéressé à la synthèse en solution de couches minces de nanofils de ZnO dans le but d’obtenir des couches homogènes à l’échelle d’un substrat. Les propriétés optiques passives de ces couches de nanofils ont ensuite été étudiées. Un modèle phénoménologique combinant la théorie des milieux effectifs et la diffusion de Mie a été développé pour expliquer la transmission optique des couches. Concernant les propriétés actives, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’optimisation de l’émission dans le vert en développant une technique originale de désulfuration. Après traitement thermique, a pu être également observée une forte augmentation de l’émissions de micro-bâtonnets de ZnO. Enfin, des monocouches de WS2 et MoS2 ont été synthétisées par dépôt de couche atomique sur sur SiO2 et nanofils de ZnO

Matériaux nanostructurés à base d’oxyde de zinc : synthèse et ingénierie de l’émission

Inspirée de l’optoélectronique, cette thèse a porté sur deux principaux semi-conducteurs luminescents : l’oxyde de zinc (ZnO) et les monocouches de dichalcogénures de métaux de transition (TMDs). Le ZnO est un matériau à large bande interdite. Les TMDs comme WS2 et MoS2, deviennent des matériaux à gap direct en monocouche. Cette thèse réalisée en collaboration avec la Molecular Foundry a porté à la fois sur la synthèse, la modélisation optique et l’ingénierie d’émission. Très étudié, le ZnO est un matériau transparent dans le visible et fortement absorbant dans l’UV. Typiquement, la photoluminescence du ZnO contient deux contributions : une émission de bord de bande dans l’UV et une émission visible. Dans cette thèse, on s’est d’abord intéressé à la synthèse en solution de couches minces de nanofils de ZnO dans le but d’obtenir des couches homogènes à l’échelle d’un substrat. Les propriétés optiques passives de ces couches de nanofils ont ensuite été étudiées. Un modèle phénoménologique combinant la théorie des milieux effectifs et la diffusion de Mie a été développé pour expliquer la transmission optique des couches. Concernant les propriétés actives, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’optimisation de l’émission dans le vert en développant une technique originale de désulfuration. Après traitement thermique, a pu être également observée une forte augmentation de l’émissions de micro-bâtonnets de ZnO. Enfin, des monocouches de WS2 et MoS2 ont été synthétisées par dépôt de couche atomique sur sur SiO2 et nanofils de ZnO.Inspired by the essential role of luminescent materials in optoelectronics, this thesis was devoted to two main luminescent semiconductors, namely, zinc oxide (ZnO) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) monolayers. ZnO is a wide bandgap material with excellent optical properties. TMDs monolayers like WS2 and MoS2, are new type of atomically thin direct band gap materials. The synthesis and emission engineering of the combined ZnO and TMDs materials were conducted partly in collaboration with the Molecular Foundry.The optical properties of ZnO have already been widely investigated. ZnO has high transparency in the visible and strong absorption in the UV range. Typical photoluminescence of ZnO contains two main contributions: near band edge transition inducing ultraviolet emission and a relatively wide visible emission. In this thesis, ZnO nanowires thin films were first synthesized by chemical bath deposition, which was found to enable low-temperature wafer-scale production of homogeneous well-aligned nanowires arrays. As for passive optical properties, a phenomenological model combining effective medium theory and Mie scattering has been developed and discussed. As for active optical properties, we report on an efficient technique namely desulfurization to increase the green light emission from ZnO nanowires. We also observed a strong emission enhancement from ZnO microrods after thermal treatment. Finally, high crystalline WS2 and MoS2 monolayers were synthesized by atomic layer deposition on SiO2 coated Silicon wafer and ZnO nanowires

Giant green emission enhancement of ZnO through desulfurization process

International audienceThe optical properties of ZnO has been widely investigated in detail. Typical photoluminescence (PL) of ZnO contains two parts of emission: near bandgap transition induced ultraviolet emission, and a relatively wide visible emission ranging from green to red, which is closely related to concentration of the structural defects. While the green luminescent has been reported to be associated with oxygen vacancies Vo. In this work, we report on an efficient technique namely desulfurization to increase the amount of oxygen vacancy in a ZnO nanowires array. In the case of the desulfurized sample the PL is increased by more than 1 order of magnitude as to compare with the sulfurized one and more than 2 orders of magnitude as to compare with the as grown sample. Structural analysis as well as morphological analysis confirm the origin of the green band emission enhancement in PL emission. Samples preparation as well an in-depth analysis including quantum efficiency will be presented and discussed within the frame of new rare-earth free phosphor material