Efficient metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes with significantly improved light extraction on nanophotonic substrates.

Metal halide perovskite has emerged as a promising material for light-emitting diodes. In the past, the performance of devices has been improved mainly by optimizing the active and charge injection layers. However, the large refractive index difference among different materials limits the overall light extraction. Herein, we fabricate efficient methylammonium lead bromide light-emitting diodes on nanophotonic substrates with an optimal device external quantum efficiency of 17.5% which is around twice of the record for the planar device based on this material system. Furthermore, optical modelling shows that a high light extraction efficiency of 73.6% can be achieved as a result of a two-step light extraction process involving nanodome light couplers and nanowire optical antennas on the nanophotonic substrate. These results suggest that utilization of nanophotonic structures can be an effective approach to achieve high performance perovskite light-emitting diodes

hSef potentiates EGF-mediated MAPK signaling through affecting EGFR trafficking and degradation

Sef (similar expression to fgf genes) was identified as an effective antagonist of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) in vertebrates. Previous reports have demonstrated that Sef interacts with FGF receptors (FGFRs) and inhibits FGF signaling, however, its role in regulating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling remains unclear. In this report, we found that hSef localizes to the plasma membrane (PM) and is subjected to rapid internalization and well localizes in early/recycling endosomes while poorly in late endosomes/lysosomes. We observed that hSef interacts and functionally colocalizes with EGFR in early endosomes in response to EGF stimulation. Importantly, we demonstrated that overexpression of hSef attenuates EGFR degradation and potentiates EGF-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling by interfering EGFR trafficking. Finally, our data showed that, with overexpression of hSef, elevated levels of Erk phosphorylation and differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells occur in response to EGF stimulation. Taken together, these data suggest that hSef plays a positive role in the EGFR-mediated MAPK signaling pathway. This report, for the first time, reveals opposite roles for Sef in EGF and FGF signalings

catena-Poly[[aqua­(ethyl anilinophospho­nato-κO)sodium(I)]-di-μ-aqua]

In the title compound, [Na(C8H11NO3P)(H2O)3]n, the sodium cation is octa­hedrally coordinated by five water mol­ecules and one O-bonded ethyl anilinophospho­nate anion. Four of the water mol­ecules bridge to adjacent sodium ions, resulting in an infinite chain of edge-sharing NaO6 polyhedra. A network of N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds helps to stabilize the crystal structure

How do audiences perceive practice cases? investigating typological differences in design futures through perceptual mapping techniques

Design Futures, as an emerging interdisciplinary field that has arisen in recent years, possesses a vigorous vitality and promising prospects for development. However, Design Futures combines a large number of paradigms and approaches from different fields, the overlapping concepts and its ambiguity in both extension and intension make it difficult to establish a typology of Design Futures practice cases. This paper examines audience perceptions to provide reference and insights into the typology of design futures subtypes. We propose five subtypes of design futures practice cases (DF Subtypes) as a foundation and subject for revision. literature review and expert questionnaire (involving 20 experts) were used to extract 21 semantic perception dimensions. A perception evaluation experiment was conducted, and principal component analysis was performed. The Perception map, derived from the two principal components, visually depicts the relationships between 15 typical cases and the obtained semantic terms, reflecting the cognitive structure of the audience to the subtypes. The study deepens the understanding of subcategory differences from the perspective of audience perception, and the results help to establish a more scientific typology of practice cases, thus contributing to solving the “fatal” problem of the development of this discipline.publishe

catena-Poly[[[diaqua­cobalt(II)]bis­(μ-1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane-κ2 N:N′)] bis­(perchlorate) bis­(1,3-di-4-pyridyl­propane) bis­(2-methyl-4-nitro­aniline)]

In the title compound, {[Co(C13H14N2)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2·2C13H14N2·2C7H8N2O2}n, the CoII ion lies on a crystallographic inversion center and is coordinated by four N atoms from four symmetry-related 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane ligands and two O atoms from two water ligands in a slightly distorted octa­hedral coordination environment. The 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane ligands are doubly bridging and connect the CoII ions into one-dimensional chains. The asymmetric unit also contains one uncoordinated 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane mol­ecule, one 2-methyl-4-nitro­aniline mol­ecule and one perchlorate anion. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect the one-dimensional chains into a two-dimensional network

Design driven user study workshop for Chinese startup innovation

The paper illustrates a serial user study workshop designed for startups seeking disruptive innovation and business opportunities based on the lean process from the point view of user-centered design approach. In the Chinese market, business process moves fast. The product development cycle is relatively short which makes it easy to be interrupted and changed. Making sure the product is targeting the right marketing segment is the key to business success. Therefore, innovation has to be created on the true needs of the accurate end users. User-centered design approaches have the natural advantage to forge innovation by defining the problems of the existing products usage for the users and creating the solution that seamlessly meets the potential demands of the product users. This capability of user-centered design is extremely suitable for the early stage of the startup innovation process especially in the customer identification, market positioning, and business model generation. User study is located in the core of this user-centered innovation process. Performing a good user study ensures the product is aimed at users’ needs, which guarantees once the product is given birth it is already well-positioned in the market sharing. This is the key to the success of startup business. In this paper, a serial workshop covers the topics from what are the user study methods suitable for the lean startup innovation, how to conduct an effective interview, and how to synthesize users’ insights and find new business opportunities. By doing the workshop we try to answer the following questions which ultimately influence the nurturing process in the incubator about how design thinking can intervene to create radical innovation in startup teams: why the design driven user study is so important to the startup business? What is design thinking in the non-design background startuper’s mind and how can they incorporate the mindset in the business operation? What Chinese business environment impacts in the innovation process and how could the startups position the empathy for the users as the key for the product success

Diethyl­ammonium anilino(meth­oxy)­phosphinate

The title compound, [Et2NH2][(EtO)PO2(C6H5NH)] or C4H12N+·C8H11NO3P−, is a molecular salt with two anions containing PO3N groupings and two cations in the asymmetric unit. A network of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into a two-dimensional network