Allelopathy regulates wheat genotypes performance at the enhancement stage by soil water and prohydrojasmon (PDJ)

Growth adaptation and allelopathic potential of four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions has been investigated in pot experiments by prohydrojasmon (PDJ, 10 - 5M) and soil water (75 and 45%) at the enhancement stage. This paper also presented the performance of photosynthesis, water use and weed suppression. The effect of soil water and PDJ on wheat performance displayed significant differences depending on tested wheat cultivars and measured parameters. Water deficit decreased plant biomass significantly and changed phenotypic characteristics like plant height and leaf area of wheat. However, PDJ was found to stimulate wheat root growth and development so as to enhance pressure resistance and induce strong allelopathic potential and weed resistance. Physiological response in var. Lankao 95 - 25 to water shortage and PDJ was significantly relative to net photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency. Water deficit and PDJ would lead to plant phenotype and photosynthesis change and consequently, influence allelopathic expression and weed suppression of wheat based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Water deficit would induce the production and accumulation of more allelochemicals in wheat by passive transport of energy cost. Differing the regulation mechanism of water stress, PDJ showed active transport of energy supply in allelopathic stimulation, which implied that PDJ mainly exhibited its hormone effect to regulate and control wheat growth and development such as improving phenotypic features on competition at the basis of increasing growth cost. Therefore, it was possible for artificial measures to regulate allelopathic potential and weed resistance capacity of winter wheat cultivars, especially, in the arid areas of Loess Plateau of China.Keyword: Allelopathic potential, inducible regulation and interaction, prohydrojasmon, soil water stress, weed suppression, winter wheatAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(33), pp. 5430-5440, 16 August, 201

Environmental regulation, green credit, and farmers’ adoption of agricultural green production technology based on the perspective of tripartite evolutionary game

The adoption of agricultural green production technologies (AGPTs) is crucial for achieving agricultural green development in developing countries. This paper establishes a tripartite game model to explore the evolutionary influence mechanism of government environmental regulation policies and bank green credit policies on farmers’ adoption of AGPT under different initial conditions and strategy choices. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, we systematically deduce the evolutionary path and equilibrium conditions, as well as examine the synergistic evolutionary effect of these policies. The results demonstrate that government environmental regulation and banks’ implementation of the green credit policies effectively encourage farmers to adopt AGPT. However, conflicts may arise during the dynamic evolution process when banks choose to implement the green credit policy. These conflicts can be mitigated by utilizing market-oriented mechanisms such as loan interest rates, improving bank supervision efficiency, and enhancing farmers’ expected income. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the development of external incentive mechanisms to promote the adoption of AGPT among farmers and foster green agricultural development

Entangling ferrimagnetic magnons with an atomic ensemble via opto-magnomechanics

We show how to prepare macroscopic entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a large number of magnons in a ferrimagnetic YIG crystal. Specifically, we adopt an opto-magnomechanical configuration where the magnetostriction-induced magnomechanical displacement couples to an optical cavity via radiation pressure, and the latter further couples to an ensemble of two-level atoms that are placed inside the cavity. We show that by properly driving the cavity and magnon modes, optomechanical entanglement is created which is further distributed to the atomic and magnonic systems, yielding stationary entanglement between atoms and magnons. The atom-magnon entanglement is a result of the combined effect of opto- and magnomechanical cooling and optomechanical parametric down-conversion interactions. A competition mechanism between two mechanical cooling channels is revealed. We further show that genuine tripartite entanglement of three massive subsystems, i.e., atoms, magnons and phonons, can also be achieved in the same system. Our results indicate that the hybrid opto-magnomechanical system may become a promising system for preparing macroscopic quantum states involving magnons, photons, phonons and atoms

A capacitated facility location model with bidirectional flows

Supply chains with returned products are receiving increasing attention in the operations management community. The present paper studies a capacitated facility location model with bidirectional flows and a marginal value of time for returned products. The distribution system consists of a single supplier that provides one new product to a set of distribution centers (DCs), which then ships to the final retailers. While at the retailers' site, products can be shipped back to the supplier for reprocessing. Each DC is capacitated and handles stocks of new and/or returned products. The model is a nonlinear mixed-integer program that optimizes DC location and allocation between retailers and DCs. We show that it can be converted to a conic quadratic program that can be efficiently solved. Some valid inequalities are added to the program to improve computational efficiency. We conclude by reporting numerical experiments that reveal some interesting properties of the model

Isospin dependence of nucleon effective mass in Dirac Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach

The isospin dependence of the nucleon effective mass is investigated in the framework of the Dirac Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach. The definition of nucleon scalar and vector effective masses in the relativistic approach is clarified. Only the vector effective mass is the quantity related to the empirical value extracted from the analysis in the nonrelatiistic shell and optical potentials. In the relativistic mean field theory, where the nucleon scalar and vector potentials are both energy independent, the neutron vector potential is stronger than that of proton in the neutron rich nuclear matter, which produces a smaller neutron vector effective mass than that of proton. It is pointed out that the energy dependence of nucleon potentials has to be considered in the analysis of the isospin dependence of the nucleon effective mass. In the DBHF the neutron vector effective mass is larger than that of proton once the energy dependence of nucleon potentials is considered. The results are consistent with the analysis of phenomenological isospin dependent optical potentials.Comment: 4 pages, 3 Postscript figure

Entangling Two Bosonic Polaritons via Dispersive Coupling with a Third Mode

We provide a general mechanism of entangling two strongly-coupled bosonic systems that form two hybridized (polariton) modes. This is realized by dispersively coupling with a third bosonic mode. Stationary entanglement is achieved when the two hybridized modes are respectively resonant with the sidebands of the drive field scattered by the third mode and when the weights of the two bosonic modes in the two polaritons are appropriately chosen. The entanglement is robust against dissipations of the system and bath temperature. The entanglement theory is quite general and applicable to a variety of bosonic systems, such as cavity magnomechanical and exciton-photon-phonon systems