Contagion processes on the static and activity driven coupling networks

The evolution of network structure and the spreading of epidemic are common coexistent dynamical processes. In most cases, network structure is treated either static or time-varying, supposing the whole network is observed in a same time window. In this paper, we consider the epidemic spreading on a network consisting of both static and time-varying structures. At meanwhile, the time-varying part and the epidemic spreading are supposed to be of the same time scale. We introduce a static and activity driven coupling (SADC) network model to characterize the coupling between static (strong) structure and dynamic (weak) structure. Epidemic thresholds of SIS and SIR model are studied on SADC both analytically and numerically with various coupling strategies, where the strong structure is of homogeneous or heterogeneous degree distribution. Theoretical thresholds obtained from SADC model can both recover and generalize the classical results in static and time-varying networks. It is demonstrated that weak structures can make the epidemics break out much more easily in homogeneous coupling but harder in heterogeneous coupling when keeping same average degree in SADC networks. Furthermore, we show there exists a threshold ratio of the weak structure to have substantive effects on the breakout of the epidemics. This promotes our understanding of why epidemics can still break out in some social networks even we restrict the flow of the population

Spectroscopic study of light scattering in linear alkylbenzene for liquid scintillator neutrino detectors

We has set up a light scattering spectrometer to study the depolarization of light scattering in linear alkylbenzene. From the scattering spectra it can be unambiguously shown that the depolarized part of light scattering belongs to Rayleigh scattering. The additional depolarized Rayleigh scattering can make the effective transparency of linear alkylbenzene much better than it was expected. Therefore sufficient scintillation photons can transmit through the large liquid scintillator detector of JUNO. Our study is crucial to achieving the unprecedented energy resolution 3\%/$\sqrt{E\mathrm{(MeV)}}$ for JUNO experiment to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. The spectroscopic method can also be used to judge the attribution of the depolarization of other organic solvents used in neutrino experiments.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Magnetoresistance in Thin Permalloy Film (10nm-thick and 30-200nm-wide) Nanocontacts Fabricated by e-Beam Lithography

In this paper we show spin dependent transport experiments in nanoconstrictions ranging from 30 to 200nm. These nanoconstrictions were fabricated combining electron beam lithography and thin film deposition techniques. Two types of geometries have been fabricated and investigated. We compare the experimental results with the theoretical estimation of the electrical resistance. Finally we show that the magnetoresistance for the different geometries does not scale with the resistance of the structure and obtain drops in voltage of 20mV at 20Oe.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by AP

Recurrence of odontogenic keratocysts and possible prognostic factors : review of 455 patients

To describe epidemiological features of 565 Chinese patients with odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), to investigate possible prognostic factors related to recurrence, and to analyse features of recurrent OKC (rOKC). A retrospective chart review of 565 cases of OKC treated between 2003 and 2015 was undertaken. The probability of recurrence related to prognostic factors including large size, cortical perforation combined with involved teeth in the lumen of the cyst, inflammation, sites of the involved lesion, sex, and daughter cyst variables were analysed. The subsequent relapse of each OKC was compared. Patients ranged in age from 7 to 81 years (mean age, 28.4 years) and, of those affected, 66.9% were male and 33.1% were female. Mandibular OKC occurred in 63.01% and 36.99% occurred in the maxilla, 80.53% of patients had non-rOKC, 10.44% rOKC, and 9.03% had multiple OKC lesions. Enucleation with preservation of the involved teeth in the cystic lesion combined with cortical perforation was statistically associated with high recurrence rate, as were daughter cysts, and multilocular lesions. The number of recurrences and the average time (in years) to relapse decreased from the first relapse of OKC to the third relapse, and the difference was significant (P<.05). Preservation of the involved teeth combined with cortical perforation appeared to be a potential prognostic factor associated with high recurrence. The follow-up evaluation period for rOKC with ? 2 previous treatments should be shorter than for first-time rOKC. The decreasing average duration (years postoperatively) to relapse was related to the number of rOKCs, timing of relapse, and rOKC type

2-(2-Iodo­phen­yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra­hydro­isoquinoline-1-carbonitrile

In the title compound, C16H13IN2, the two benzene rings make a dihedral angle of 67.26 (5)°. The six-membered heterocycle of the tetra­hydro­isoquinoline unit adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are linked by pairs of weak inter­molecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers. An intra­molecular C—H⋯I close contact is also observed